Jonathan Chait wrote an excellent article about the Republican plan to control, destroy, and censor American education. It is the cover story in this week’s New York magazine.
Chait and I have long disagreed about charter schools and will continue to do so. The article does not get into privatization, and the Republicans’ determination to divert public money to religious and private schools via vouchers. Nor does it touch on the growth and scandals of the charter industry. It’s hard to ignore privatization as a main line of attacking the public purpose of public schools, but Chait covers culture war issues only.
Chait says that, in the view of conservatives, left wing indoctrination occurs in religious schools, private schools, and charter schools, so choice will not solve the problem (the problem being the left wing capture of the culture). The answer, then, for the rightwing is to capture control of the institutions and replace left wing indoctrination with rightwing indoctrination.
The article digs into the Republican effort to destroy academic freedom, freedom to teach, freedom to learn, and to turn American schools and universities into purveyors of rightwing ideology. Two central figures in this conspiracy are Florida Governor Ron DeSantis and rightwing ideologue Chris Rufo.
Florida is indeed the model for the Republican attack on education. It is here that the Governor boasts about his Stop WOKE Act, which blocks teaching about topics that might cause discomfort (especially teaching factually accurate accounts of racist brutality in American politics); his Don’t Say Gay Act (which eliminates any instruction about homosexuality in K-3, recently amended to grades K-8); his successful capture of tiny progressive New College and to turn it into the Hillsdale of the South; his intention to take control of the state’s public colleges and universities, eliminate tenure, and purge progressive professors; and his encouragement of censorship of books about race, racism, and gender issues. Add to these DeSantis’ demonizing of the minuscule number of transgender students, as well as his bullying of drag queens, and you have a major state that has embraced fascism and scapegoating of powerless minorities. Florida is also notable for the billions it spends on lightly regulated charters and unregulated, unaccountable vouchers.
Readers of this blog are familiar with DeSantis’ war on public schools and higher education, and his control of curriculum and leadership. I can’t think of another state where the Governor has moved so aggressively to control every aspect of public education. Others have recognized the limits of their power. DeSantis does not.
We also know that Florida recently enacted universal vouchers, offering to subsidize the tuition of rich students. And that the wife of the Republican Speaker of the House, then state education commissioner, Richard Corcoran, now president of New College, started a charter. And that many legislators are financially tied to charters.
This article is about the culture wars, however, not privatization.
Chait writes:
Republicans have begun saying things about American schools that not long ago would have struck them as peculiar, even insane. Senator Marco Rubio of Florida has called schools “a cesspool of Marxist indoctrination.” Former secretary of State Mike Pompeo predicts that “teachers’ unions, and the filth that they’re teaching our kids,” will “take this republic down.” Against the backdrop of his party, Donald Trump, complaining about “pink-haired communists teaching our kids” and “Marxist maniacs and lunatics” running our universities, sounds practically calm.
More ominously, at every level of government, Republicans have begun to act on these beliefs. Over the past three years, legislators in 28 states have passed at least 71 bills controlling what teachers and students can say and do at school. A wave of library purges, subject-matter restrictions, and potential legal threats against educators has followed.
Education has become an obsession on the political right, which now sees it as the central battlefield upon which this country’s future will be settled. Schoolhouses are being conscripted into a cataclysmic war in which no compromise is possible — in which a child in a red state will be discouraged from asking questions about sexual identity, or a professor will be barred from exploring the ways in which white supremacy has shaped America today, or a trans athlete will be prohibited from playing sports…
While there have been political battles over the schools for many years, but this controversy is different. Republicans are going for the jugular. They believe that “the left” has taken over the nation’s educational institutions and is determined to indoctrinate the next generation to despise their own country. Nothing could be more ridiculous, but facts don’t get in the way of their culture war.
He writes:
The Republican Party emerged from the Trump era deeply embittered. A large share of the party believed that Democrats had stolen their way back into power. But this sentiment took another form that was not as absurd or, at least, not as clearly disprovable. The theory was that Republicans were subverted by a vast institutional conspiracy. Left-wing beliefs had taken hold among elite institutions: the media, the bureaucracy, corporations, and, especially, schools.
This theory maintains that this invisible progressive network makes successful Republican government impossible. Because the enemy permanently controls the cultural high ground, Republicans lose even when they win. Their only recourse is to seize back these nonelected institutions….
“Left-wing radicals have spent the past 50 years on a ‘long march through the institutions,’” claims Manhattan Institute fellow and conservative activist Chris Rufo, who is perhaps the school movement’s chief ideologist. “We are going to reverse that process, starting now.”
Many institutions figure in Republicans’ plans. They are developing proposals to cleanse the federal workforce of politically subversive elements, to pressure corporations to resist demands by their “woke employees,” and to freeze out the mainstream media. But their attention has centered on the schools. “It is the schools — where our children spend much of their waking hours — that have disproportionate influence over American society, seeding every other institution that has succumbed to left-wing ideological capture,” writes conservative commentator Benjamin Weingarten.
Republicans are afraid that the liberal bias of schools and colleges is turning their children into liberals, intent on advancing social justice. They feel a sense of urgency about gaining control of these agencies of indontrination.
DeSantis’ approach is straightforward: Taxpayers pay for schools. Why shouldn’t they control them? Why shouldn’t they tell them what to teach and what not to teach?
Chait errs in describing Florida’s efforts to restrict the accurate teaching of African American history. He writes:
It is possible for legislatures to restrict some of the pedagogical fads of recent years without preventing children from learning unvarnished historical truths about slavery, reconstruction, Jim Crow, and its aftermath. Reports have described bans on lessons that make students feel guilty, when they have merely restricted lessons that instruct them to feel guilty, a reasonable thing to ask. Commentators on the internet likewise depicted Florida as banning the teaching of African American history, when in fact the state merely objected to elements of the AP African American History curriculum, ultimately resulting in a revised version.
This is understating the active role that the DeSantis team played in squashing the brutal facts about African American history in Florida and the U.S. The Stop WOKE Act banned teaching “critical race theory,” which most people can’t define but assume that it refers to systemic racism. The DeSantis team has banned textbooks in math and social studies that showed any interest in “social justice.”
DeSantis and his education commissioner didn’t “merely object” to parts of the AP African American History course, they threatened to exclude the AP course and test from the state’s schools altogether, a move that would likely be followed by other deep red states. This hits the College Board where it hurts, in their revenues. DeSantis has objected not only to CRT, but to “social-emotional learning,” which he sees as indoctrination but which typically means exercises in perseverance, self-control, and other workaday approaches to collaboration and respect for others. Like what I learned in elementary school many decades ago.
Are there teachers who go too far in imposing their own beliefs (from both the left and the right)? Surely. But Chait observes:
A broader problem with the wave of conservative legislation is that it is responding to a wildly hyperbolic version of reality. In a very large country with a fragmented education system, there are going to be plenty of examples of outrageous or radical teaching in the schools on a daily basis without necessarily indicating anything about the system’s overall character. As conservatives grew alarmed about left-wing teachers, their favorite media sources started curating examples of it to stoke their outrage.
DeSantis projects Florida as a model for the nation, and he looks to Hungary as a model for Florida. Its leader Viktor Orban has tamed the universities by controlling them. Chris Rufo recently spent a month in Hungary, learning how Orban has silenced the left.
Orbán’s example has shown the government’s power over the academy can be absolute. DeSantis is simply the first Republican to appreciate the potential of this once-unimaginable use of state power to win the culture wars. Even before DeSantis’s plan has passed, Republicans in North Carolina, Texas, and North Dakota rushed out bills to eliminate tenure for professors.
I urge you to read the article in full. Aside from his leaving out privatization as the keystone of the Republican attack on public schools, the article fails to mention the big money behind the culture wars and privatization. DeVos, Walton, Koch, Yass. They are an important part of the story. And there are many more (I have a long list of billionaires, foundations, and corporations funding privatization in my book Slaying Goliath.)
Chait’s incisive analysis is a good primer for the elections of 2024. Implicit are the many reasons why Democrats must be prepared to defend teachers and professors, to protect both schools and universities from the takeovers planned by Republican legislators, to gear up for the fight against censorship, to resist incipient fascism, and to hold the line for our democratic principles.
I guess I’ll take it. But Chait is very late to the party and has done significant water carrying for the forces he now bemoans. His past advocacy helped split the Democratic Party on educational policy and gave aid and comfort to the enemy. And he still doesn’t understand all the lessons of what has been understood by many readers here since this blog was created. But, again, I’ll take it.
Greg,
Chait’s article—though it ignores privatization and the billionaires—is helpful in that he has a far larger platform than I or NPE.
My view is that the culture war issues are a smokescreen for the privatizers to grab public money and turn public schools into the schools of last resort, for the kids rejected by charters and vouchers.
I understand and agree. Hence my, “I’ll take it.”
Diane You write: ” . . . in the view of conservatives, left wing indoctrination occurs in religious schools, private schools, and charter schools, so choice will not solve the problem (the problem being the left wing capture of the culture).”
Yes, and more to the capturing of the foundations of the problem, it’s ALL about “indoctrination” regardless . . . yours or mine, theirs or ours, R or D. in a zero-sum context.
What’s goes missing is an open regard for new learning, for new questions, and for CAPTURING whatever truth emerges through a regard for consistent scholarship, collaboration, peer review, and critique, and having a hook in the creativity of thinkers who want to devote their lives to it. (freedom and wokeness?)
In other words, curriculum development and teaching through critically and professionally established theoretically based scholarship (emphasis: critically), or from credentialed historians, or artists and the arts, writers and literature, scientists and the sciences that are based on long-established critical methodologies, are all just more of the left’s propaganda that the right must do battle with on (their) principles: of a new kind of zero-sum tribalism.
The republican party is involved in a virulent form of anti-intellectualism. In its philosophical mode, it has taken up an extreme relativism, while holding it together politically with a similarly extreme Absolutism . . . such a scenario will need a personality-driven dictatorship that must use violence to stay in power. They are right about one thing . . . education, and especially early education, is the seed bed for making propaganda “work.” CBK
CBK, Thinker that you are,
Isn’t it clear yet, that
beyond absolutes, (water is
wet) Beauty is still in the
eye of the beholder, like the
rest of the made up, make
believe world, we think we
know…
Water is wet. Beyond that, I don’t follow.
NoBrick You write: “like the rest of the made up, make believe world, we think we know…”
You say that; but ask yourself if you really live that way? (If I were a betting person, I’d go all-in on a great big NO on that one.) And if you really “know nothing” (on your stated principle), then what’s the point of even writing notes here . . . are we merely comparing empty beliefs? That’s not what I’m doing, and your own underlying assumption is: neither are you.
If there is a nutshell about it, it’s that we live in a vibrant world that we intend to know (e.g., in common living and the arts and sciences), and even DO know sometimes.
Here’s the epistemological deal: We live in-between All and None. In-between, then, is where our actual knowing occurs. That makes what we do know of ALL (of human knowledge) not ALL but all, . . . that is, incremental, historically, difficult to “capture” but achievable where we always have more questions; but also, as concrete, tied directly to our (and your) development as human . . . and to reasons and their evidential orders. Then we choose how we live in terms of our history and the knowledge that emerges in it. (I’ll be surprised if you can claim with evidence (ahem) that you do not do that already.)
I don’t know you (ahem); but allow me to speculate: your note suggests to me that you might want to know it all, but like all of us you cannot; and since you cannot, you give up on knowing anything at all (on principle), which commonly leads to a failure to live it fully (probably not yet there, but on the way to nihilism: “What’s the point?”
If you wish, believe what you want and live as best you can. . . but I’ll stick with the albeit limited increments of human knowledge . . . thanks. That said, as an historical point, philosophy itself has left us to “make up” our own epistemology as we go along (it’s a big and dynamic field).
Even so, not much really depends on our recognizing the incremental movements of actual (real) knowledge in the in-between of history, except perhaps the entire set of assumptions that already drive the West, and our quest for knowledge in EDUCATION. The question then is: Who cares? I’m in. CBK
Chait managed to tell half the story without revealing the more significant systematic attacks on public ed from billionaires and their cronies. Since mainstream media are a front for the ultra-wealthy, it is dubious we will get a fair and balanced story out of them. That is why independent journalists and bloggers that are not in the pockets of the 1% are important.
Retired Teacher Those billionaires and cronies really need to be careful what they wish for and are trying to create, for the good of all including themselves. Greg Abbot is like the puss in the pimple that is trying to be the greatest example of selling the farm that history has ever seen. CBK
Thank goodness Burt Kalmar didn’t use the line, pop goes the pimple. And you’ve ruined Puss In Boots for me too. 🥸
http://www.protestsonglyrics.net/Humorous_Songs/Laws-of-My-Administration.phtml
GregB Is that GROUCHO Marx? CBK
Yes, from Duck Soup, a classic available now on Prime for free.
GregB . . . as distinguished from KARL? :o) CBK
I don’t know how to post images, but look up the album cover from How Can You Be in Two Places at Once When You’re Not Anywhere at All? by the Firesign Theatre. Should be an easy Google search.
GregB Great question . . . I’ll look. CBK
GregB A relationship between that and (1) the recent Everything Everywhere . . . movie (which I have not seen yet); (2) the movie Brazil (which I have seen and revere greatly); (3) Monty Python, (4) Laugh-in. . . . CBK
GregB,
The more things change the more they stay the same in regards to the human condition, eh!
Thanks for that clip!
Señor Swacker – immediately thought of you when I saw this meme on Twitter from Wayne Au:
Good one! Thanks, Christine!
This one’s probably more appropriate for our times:
Loved watching Marx Bros which were 30 years old and Listening to Firesign Theatre which was contemporary during my formative years (late 60s, early 70s). Might help explain why I think the way I do.
The Civil Rights Movement Never Ended
High school Textbooks used in the United States, and taught to millions of students each year, say the Civil Rights Movement ended in 1968, the year that Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., was assassinated. A national holiday to honor Dr. King defines that end for many.
The movement for equal justice for all people has been a peaceful movement, for the most part, a revolution for peace and justice throughout our twentieth-century history. Except for some episodic events, it has been a gentle movement, always in the face of potential violence. In the new millennium, twenty-first-century serial violence continues; however, most battles are peaceful and political.
Too many episodes of mass shootings and unjustified police killings have been an exception in recent years, and the Black Lives Matter movement, among many others, has created new battle lines in the civil rights movement.
Where I might begin with naming which episodic violent events are most important is tricky. Four choices I make in this new century follow, and others may have greater significance for different folk.
(1) I choose the thousands who died in Hurricane Katrina as an example of systemic racism and injustice (2005), (2) I was emotionally devastated when I saw the Charleston Nine killing in 2015 and saw hope when the Confederate Flag came down at the South Carolina Capitol, (3) the Charlottesville, VA White Nationalist Rally in 2016, was eye-opening. I saw the antisemitism at the national scale I’d dealt with professionally as a teacher, and (4) The most dramatic for me as a public-school history and civics teacher was the January 6th Insurrection in Washington, D.C. We have now witnessed convictions for seditious conspiracy to overthrow our government. Moreover, a thousand more have been convicted for lesser related crimes, which tells us how terrible this was for our Democracy.
However, the civil rights battle is much larger than the episodic events mentioned. It is being waged in legislatures, courts, school board meetings, and civic affairs. New laws have been written to ban books and attempts to control what history is taught and who teaches it, and what topics are alright to teach in civics classes are now part of the new battle. The battle has been brought to schools, teachers, and university professors.
The civil rights battle is peacefully and politically waged in churches, town hall meetings, school board meetings, and universities. It’s being waged at monument ceremonies with speeches, music, and declarations engraved in marble and steel plaques. It’s being waged by historical reenactments, monument removals, and political rallies for and against.
It’s being waged for the future historical understanding of our nation’s children. It has become a battle fought in schools and other places where people are educated about our nation’s history.
It is a battle for posterity. Defining or redefining twentieth-century civil rights and the nineteenth-century civil war is a battle.
It’s a battle to either recognize or delegitimize our constitutional changes and court decisions concerning the enslavement of Black people and other past legal discriminations in our laws. New laws were passed to rectify discrimination in racial, ethnic, and gender circumstances from the past.
Now, it’s a battle whether we should recognize our historical record of past systemic discrimination in our constitution and laws. Past discrimination has been identified through court cases in our judicial and legislative systems of governments over time. Past discrimination has been found in our state laws, and federal laws in the past are our historical records.
It has become a battle to either recognize the truth in our historical record or hide it with denial.
Governor DeSantis is doing his best to DeSanitize the racial history of this country.
Monty
Thanks for writing what you wrote. Many of the Black civil rights leaders came from the segregated churches where they weren’t denied leadership roles. Those leaders support the Democratic Party.
The “battle” will fail if it ignores the role that right wing White Christian/Catholic religion is playing in the successes of the GOP. Two prominent right wing influencers include, Paul Weyrich, co-founder of ALEC and Leonard Leo, credited with the wins of the Federalist Society. They were both right wing religious. Paul Weyrich’s work which was funded by Koch called for a parallel school system (school choice), a political policy promoted by the state Catholic Conferences. Some of those state conferences co-hosted school choice rallies with the Koch’s AFP. Last year, the foremost Catholic university in D.C., Georgetown Law, hired Ilya Shapiro for a top administrative position (Constitutional law). He formerly was with the Koch network. Georgetown didn’t admit its first Black student until 1953.
Religion News reported on a poll (2019) that identifies 50% of Catholic bishops prefer Fox as their news source. Only 4% preferred MSNBC. Sixty-three percent of White Catholics who attend church regularly voted for Trump in 2020.
The Ricketts family (Republican Sen. Ricketts from Nebraska) gave money to one of Leonard Leo’s funds which gave money to the Republican Attorney Generals Association. Ricketts is on the Board of an organization that promotes the Catholic sect. It’s located at the free market University of Chicago.
The person described as the most dangerous critic of liberalism is Harvard Constitutional law professor Adrian Vermuele. He calls for preference in immigration for Catholics.
One correction to the original post: Florida has extended Don’t Say Gay through 12th grade (unfortunately), not 8th.
The Florida State Board of Education extended Don’t Say Gay through 12th grade. The law extended it through 8th.
Does it matter? Just take care never to mention that gay people exist, not to students whose parents or family members are gay, not to students who are gay, and don’t use any literature written by gay authors….in any grade.
It’s harder at the high school level where students are really starting to explore their identities and want to talk. It seems like marginalized groups in this country always have to fight for the right to sit at the table and just when they get it, someone moves the goalposts. Sorry to mix my metaphors. I just hope that we can look back on this time, as a blip in this country’s history.
Me too!
The Floridian virus has been spread to Colorado, as seen in this well reported article. A small extremist group has taken over the school board; teachers are leaving, many parents are disenchanted.
The teachers had heard that Witt was questioning the need for mental health support for students, and they were worried.
During the meeting, Witt would not commit to keeping the same number of guidance counselors and social workers for the next school year. He said that his focus was on “academic success,” according to the recordings obtained by NBC News.
Staff members tried to explain why it was critical to address students’ emotional issues so that they could learn. One employee mentioned recent familial homicides in the community as an example of the kind of trauma children are facing, including a murder-suicide that left a student dead.
Witt asked if the school had a social worker. The employee replied affirmatively, and then Witt asked, “Did the murder-suicide still occur?” Several people in the room gasped.
That same week, Laura Magnuson, the district’s mental health supervisor, had a call with Witt to press him on reapplying for grants for mental health professionals. She had emailed him to warn that due dates were coming up, and a couple had already passed. If the district did not reapply, it would lose $1.2 million in annual funds that covered the salaries of 15 positions, such as counselors, social workers and career and college readiness specialists.
The following week, after she couldn’t convince Witt to reapply for the grants, she sent him her resignation.
https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/woodland-park-colorado-school-board-conservatives-rcna83311
Christine They rightly “gasped.” But they easily could have followed (using the same hairball logic) with “but there was ONLY ONE murder-suicide.” CBK
“Witt asked if the school had a social worker. The employee replied affirmatively, and then Witt asked, “Did the murder-suicide still occur?” Several people in the room gasped.”
The man is a sociopath, and he’s running the schools.
I think Chait is right to highlight Republican efforts to control and censor – and ultimately destroy – public education.
But what gets lost in the shuffle – again – is the mistaken belief that Advanced Placement (AP) courses and tests somehow improve American public schools. Parents and students and educators – and journalists – assume that AP courses are inherently superior to other high school classes. The assumption is that AP is more rigorous, offers deeper conceptual knowledge and leads to better performance in college. The problem with the assumption is that it is largely perception; there is little research to support it.
https://dianeravitch.net/2023/02/02/michael-hiltzik-college-board-caves-in-to/#comments
Hello Diane This is somewhat off-point, but I wondered if you have been watching the special docudrama series on the National Geographic channel about the woman who hid Ann Frank et al in the attic of the publisher during the holocaust? (Monday nights . . I missed the first one or two but will try to catch it in another way.)
My view so far is that the buildup is slow . . . but then I realized that it reveals the way Nazi-creep worked . . . slowly at first as they normalized horror; and then how, similarly, it reflects the fascist-creep we presently are experiencing. The proliferation of guns along with fear mongering of the public has more than one meaning in that context. CBK
The more and more I read about education, it appears so much more closely related to the Marx Brothers sketch in “Sanity Claus.” Keep tearing away and what is left? Can’t say that. Better not do that. Oops! showed a Disney film and a gay character was in it. Oops! Saw a statue of The David. Bye, bye, teacher. I think…No you don’t. I also recall when they wanted “scripted teaching” when everyone was doing the same thing at 10:23 a.m. And then the High Point program that was God’s gift to reading where we HAD to read verbatim. And then, they celebrated a group of teachers who gained success with the program. How? They supplemented like crazy. I taught American Government and there was no mention of Roe v. Wade. I supplemented like crazy. Uh, enrichment? Where is the magic of the school classroom? School that once was the “great equalizer” where students came to learn; the little ones running to find out what the teacher will read to them today…hmmm…
Arts cut. Music, drama, and CTE barely hanging on. AP classes are filled to make sure the WASC report looks nice (I worked with students who were placed in AP classes that had no business being in there set up to fail) pulled my hair out! Box checked! With that said, there is a movement that is growing. Not everyone can do this, but there is so much to learn. All of this reminds me of kids just playing on the playground and having fun Then the grown ups get in the way when they organize it all. https://us16.campaign-archive.com/?e=92e9905bce&u=b32e38aa71c9a5b6cd6612c1d&id=bd80d31a1c and
https://www.slj.com/story/unschooling-movement-gaining-popularity
I just remember the joy when one of my students could read a page on his own. The sounds came together and the book he just stared at came to life. Or the other child who finally got a math problem. Or the child with an 85 IQ taking such excellent notes and following directions — producing at her cognitive ability — a thing of beauty! Or created their own artwork. The list goes on and on. That feeling of “I did it!” When everyone else kept them down. It wasn’t easy trying to get kids to think about how their education connected to the world around them. Magic.
**rcharvet*** No, no, no. We can’t have that. First, that would take smaller classes; and second, it would take an administrative trust in the teacher’s ability to recognize not only students learning and testing for object knowledge, but also students’ in-process development in several aspects of their “growing up.” Sheesh. What were you thinking? CBK
I have been known to live in my own little world. But, it’s cool. People know me there. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fvhchY0UmY