Archives for category: Teacher Shortage

Peter Greene read the annual UCLA survey of college freshmen and discovered a depressing fact: the proportion of students planning to major in education has dropped precipitously.

“The percentage of probable education majors stands at 4.2%, the lowest percentage ever since the question was first asked in 1971. And that 4.1% comes at the end of a fifteen-year decline– at the turn of the century, the figure hovered around 11%.” [Just a guess, but I expect that the difference between 4.1 and 4.2 is a typo.]

Now it is possible that future teachers are getting their major in a subject they plan to teach and will go to graduate school for teacher education. But it is also true that future elementary teachers often major in education since they expect to teach many subjects.

But the shrinking enrollments have been reported in both undergraduate and graduate education programs.

Greene writes:

“Many local districts and many states have done their utmost to make teaching as unattractive as it could possibly be. No respect, no autonomy, low pay, no job security, poor work conditions, no control over your professional fate, and treated as if you’re a child. What could be more appealing?

“I keep waiting for Free Market Acolytes to read the writing on the wall. After all, the invisible hand is very clear on this– when people don’t want to buy what you’re selling, when people do want to take your job under the conditions you’ve set, that is a clear sign that you have undervalued the merchandise.

“It has always been an oddity of teacher-related education policy– there is always the presumption that teachers must be teachers, that they cannot choose to be anything else. This is not true. People may choose to be teachers. Or they may choose not to be. Right now, a whole lot of college freshmen choose not to be.

“If you want to buy a Lexus for $7.95 and nobody will sell one to you for that price, that is not a sign of a automobile shortage. If you want to hire a surgeon to cut your grass for $1.50 an hour and nobody will apply for the job, that is not a surgeon shortage. If you want people to become teachers under the current job conditions (and that is a large-ish if because it’s possible that some folks think it would be easier to run education if teachers would all just go away), and fewer and fewer people are biting, that is not the sign of a teacher shortage– it’s a sign that you need to make your job more attractive. This seems obvious to me. We’ll see if anybody in power can figure it out.”

Heckuva job, Arne Duncan! Bill Gates! Eric Hanushek! Raj Chetty! Michelle Rhee! Campbell Brown! Democrats for Education Reform! StudentsFirst! Students Matter! And the rest of the corporate reformers!

Cathy Fuentes-Rower went to the Indiana legislative hearing about the teacher shortage, and she patiently waited seven hours to testify. Cathy is a parent, not a teacher. She was forced to listen to a lineup of “experts” who insisted there was not too much testing, compared to Florida; and there is no teacher shortage, because the superintendents who reported a shortage are biased, and the conservative NCTQ said the data were inconclusive.

When she finally testified, she spoke out boldly.

She said:


I am a mother of four children in public schools.

I know that my children’s learning conditions are their teachers’ working conditions.

This educational environment has become a pressure cooker for our kids and teachers because the legislature has decided that somehow educators weren’t accountable enough. The learning and teaching process has been transformed into a test-taking, data collecting nightmare to somehow prove accountability… at the root of which is an apparent deep distrust of teachers.


We’ve had standardized tests for a long time. But it is what is at stake when the kids take the test now that has transformed their experience.

In the past, standardized tests were just one aspect of an overall assessment of how our kids were doing. We trusted teachers to relay to us how our kids were learning. Now it has become the end-all be-all. If my eleven year-old doesn’t score well on a test, it could affect his teacher’s job, his school’s letter grade, the label on his district, property taxes, and the community as a whole.

This intensity of pressure comes down and lands right on the shoulders of my child.

Who stands between my child and that weight of the world? Buffering him and protecting him from this stress?

His teacher. And for teachers whose students have special needs, live in poverty, or are learning English as a new language, the pressure to perform is tremendous. The consequence is a stigmatizing F on their small heads—or in 3rd grade, flunking.

These policies are not brought about because parents clamored for them. Parents have not been begging for a better school than their neighbor’s child. They’ve been begging for a great school. Period.

Parents want equity. Instead, we get competition.

Competition involves winners and losers. No 6 year-old should be a loser when it comes to educational opportunity.

These recent changes in policy are occurring all over the country. And this is also why the teacher shortage is not unique to Indiana. Bills that have transformed our kids’ learning environment into a pressure cooker are all from the same source: ALEC (the American Legislative Exchange Council). The goal of this organization is to create more competition in education and to privatize it. There is even an Indiana Reform Package of model legislation on the ALEC website touting our reforms. Our governor has written the introduction to the ALEC report card on American Education. Many members of our education committee are or were ALEC members. In fact, you, Rep. Behning, our house education committee chair, were the ALEC chairperson for Indiana for several years.

The A-F grading of schools, teachers’ loss of voice in advocating for kids through the loss of collective bargaining, the draconian 3rd grade reading law, vouchers and charters creating a competition for funding, a developmentally inappropriate 90 minute block of literacy instruction, these are all ALEC laws. They were not backed by research of what are best practices in teaching. They were not created by teachers. Parents do not want this obsession with data.

We want funding for our public schools such that all children have smaller class sizes for individualized instruction. We want WHOLE CHILD accountability for our teachers and our schools. That means research-backed education. Kids learn through play. Are they getting recess? Kids need to have time to follow their interests and do hands-on projects. Are they getting the broad curriculum and what is NOT on the test: social studies and science? Many of these things are being squeezed out for test prep. Do our high schoolers have extracurricular activities—things that keep them connected and wanting to go to school?

We want our teachers to be paid as the professionals that they are and to have more time for teaching and less for testing. You cannot reduce the time on testing if you don’t reduce the stakes attached to it.

We want a multi-measure evaluation of teaching and success.

You cannot say you respect teachers when every single thing they do is micromanaged by having to prove themselves with data. You cannot quantify joy, creativity and critical thinking. My children are not numbers.

They are unique human beings who are learning and growing. I don’t want my eleven year-old college and career-ready because he is a child. I don’t want him to have pressures to perform like an adult, because he is not one. His teachers know how to give him that childhood, they know what is developmentally appropriate for him, AND research (yes data!) shows that giving him these learning experiences will ensure that when the time comes, he will be ready to take his part in our society and our democracy.

So let teachers do their jobs. The best way to do this is to give them a voice, allow them to create policy, not business people and legislators who know nothing about it. Certainly not ALEC backers who make money off of it.

There is nothing more precious to me in this world than my children and every day I entrust them to the care of their teachers. I care more about what they tell me regarding my kids’ education than I do about any stinking ISTEP score. This is because they are the professionals. I trust them to do their jobs.

If you truly support teachers, you will, too.

Thank you.

Cathy Fuentes-Rohwer

Phyllis Bush is a member of the Board of the Network for Public Education. She is a retired teacher and a passionate fighter for better public schools. She is one of the leaders of the Northeast Indiana Friends of Public Education. She has been outraged again and again by the actions of the Governor and the Legislature that demean public school teachers and show preference for charters, vouchers, and inexperienced teachers.

There was a hearing in Indianapolis to explore why there is a teacher shortage. Phyllis drove there with friends to testify, but the hearing lasted so long that there was no time to hear the public.

This is the letter that Phyllis sent to the Board of NPE:
FYI—six of us from Fort Wayne drove to Indianapolis yesterday to speak at the hearing about the teacher shortage. I figured that there would be at least an hour of “expert” testimony before there would be public comment. However, our “drunk with power” committee chairs decided that we needed even more expert testimony—five and a half hours more. To be fair, there were some members of the committee who pushed back, but because they are in the minority, their views were dismissed as well

I just emailed this to the members of the interim study commission. I was so wired when I got home last night that I couldn’t sleep, and when I finally did get to sleep, I was awakened by a leg cramp—and now I am even more livid about how Kruse and Behning wasted the time of the 40 plus would be speakers—most of whom did not stick around to talk because it got so late. The hearing ended at 8:40 last night.

I hope things are going better in your part of the world.

Phyllis (mad as hell and ready to smack someone upside the head)

Dear Senator ______

Because of the structure of the interim session yesterday, we were unable to stay for the whole marathon hearing. I spoke with Rep. Smith, who then spoke with Sen. Kruse about the length of the hearing. Since there were no assurances of when we might possibly be able to speak and since the “experts” were still testifying at 5:30, our group of six people (who care about public education) decided to leave.
I hope that in the future the Chairs of these committees will be mindful of the fact that many people who wish to have their voices heard come from other parts of the state at their own expense and on their own time. While I realize that it is important to have “expert” testimony (especially paid out of state experts), it seems disrespectful not to pencil in time to listen to the voices Hoosier taxpayers and Hoosier voters.

Thank you,

Phyllis A. Bush
I left a copy of my testimony with Rep. Smith, but just in case you didn’t receive a copy, here it is.
My Testimony for Today’s Hearing
PHYLLIS BUSH·MONDAY, OCTOBER 19, 2015
Public education is so important; that is why I keep driving to Indianapolis to testify about various and sundry education issues. Sometimes it seems futile, but I won’t give up. If I don’t speak out when I see the consequences of misguided educational policies that are so fundamentally wrong, then I am complicit in the damage done to public education. Having said that, I will continue to speak out against what seems to be a legislatively orchestrated attempt to destroy public education. I’m tenacious by nature, so I’m in to stay. I’m in until Public Education is made whole.
Given the current teacher scapegoat climate both in Indiana and in the nation, it doesn’t take rocket science to figure out why there is a teacher shortage. When our legislators and policy makers continuously demean and disrespect teachers, is it any wonder that teachers are leaving the profession faster than rats leave a sinking ship? Is it any wonder that young teachers would not want to stay in a profession where there is little chance for a salary increase based on spurious and often inaccurate data? Is it any wonder that good teachers don’t want to continue spending a great share of their time preparing kids for tests and teaching to the test? Is it any wonder that they don’t want to carry out state mandates which they know are instructionally inappropriate?
If we are to look for the causes of this supposed teacher shortage, the finger should point directly at the feet of government officials in this state and across the nation who have scapegoated, demeaned, and devalued the teaching profession.
When people are belittled or told that they are worthless or inadequate, when the expectations are inappropriate and punitive, when the opportunities for expressing views are stifled, there is a toxic mixture of factors which border on abuse.
How many new teachers will be drawn to a profession where there is no respect, where there are few rights, and where they are viewed with the same lack of respect as minimum wage workers are?
Maybe this committee is asking the wrong questions.
Is there really a shortage of teachers or is it that teachers have fled the profession because of untenable working conditions?
Superintendent Glenda Ritz and her Blue Ribbon Commission have made a list of suggestions which target teacher retention and recruitment, and their list sounds much like what teachers have been asking for since the so-called reforms of Mitch Daniels and Tony Bennett. Our organization, the Northeast Indiana Friends of Public Education, is ready and willing to help by offering concrete suggestions.
Rather than discussing whether or not there is a teaching shortage, perhaps this committee needs to be discussing what is our legislature planning to do to repair the damage that has been done before it is too late?

Elaine Wynn, president of the Nevada state board of education, said that the teacher shortage had become a dangerous situation for the schools. The shortages are most pronounced in schools enrolling high proportions of low-scoring and poor children.

Nevada’s two largest school districts this week said they’d hired hundreds of first-time teachers over the summer with the help of recruiters, billboards and even a Clark County superintendent zip-lining through downtown Las Vegas in a superhero cape.

But when it was Nevada Board of Education President Elaine Wynn’s chance to speak about the nearly 1,000 teacher positions statewide that still remain vacant and are being filled with stopgap measures such as long-term subs, she didn’t mince words.

“I don’t think I’ve ever been this alarmed in my job as I have been today,” Wynn said at a board meeting Thursday, calling the situation a human resource crisis. “We’re going to all sink. This is horrific.”

Nevada is suffering an acute teacher shortage as its student population rises and its primary supplier of educators — California — deals with a shortage of its own. Colleges there are producing fewer teaching graduates, and Nevada colleges are far from being able to churn out enough homegrown education graduates to meet the state’s needs.

Some blame the shortage on low pay, especially for first-year teachers, and a general lack of respect for the profession.

Educators know that the growing teacher shortage is a direct result of more than a decade of failed reforms, especially those that blame teachers for low test scores. If the Gates Foundation, the Broad Foundation, and the Obama administration keep up their attacks on teaching, who will want to teach in any district?

Board members, as usual for non-educators, are willing to hire anyone anywhere to be teachers in the schools of Nevada.

Board members underscored that the districts can’t stave off the teacher shortage alone.

Kevin Melcher, who’s also a regent for the Nevada System of Higher Education, suggested recruiting the spouses of workers who move to Nevada for jobs with the new Tesla battery factory under construction east of Reno.

“Is there a way we can work with these new industries … to help them recruit for us?” he said.

Wynn, who co-founded the Wynn Resorts casino company with her ex-husband Steve Wynn, said districts could learn from professionals in the casino industry who fill positions and attract throngs of people to nightclubs.

She also called for making the teacher shortage a recurring item on state board agendas.

“We can’t be satisfied to let this continue,” Wynn said. “To take comfort that it’s a national emergency — that’s not the Nevada way.”

Now here is the question: What can schools learn from the casino industry? Put slot machines into the schools? Have gaming tables in the lunch room? Offer free sodas?

Las Vegas (Clark County) has engaged in various theatrical appeals, such as the superintendent “zip-lining” down a major street in the city, wearing a red Superman cape.

Richard Ingersoll, who studies teacher recruitment and retention, says the biggest problem–and the biggest solution– facing Las Vegas and other districts is not finding new teachers, but retaining and supporting the teachers they have now.

“Well-paying jobs with good conditions don’t have to have gimmicks to attract quality people,” says Richard Ingersoll, a professor of education at the University of Pennsylvania who studies teacher demographics and retention. “You have to put your money where your mouth is, or I guess in this case where your zip line is.” He says districts should focus on retention instead of flashy recruitment techniques. “It’s not that we can’t recruit new teachers; it’s that we lose too many.”

Angie Sullivan teaches kindergarten students in Las Vegas. Many of her students are poor. This was the discussion at the last board meeting. The board decided to spend $613,325 on more testing.

“The last thing African American students need is additional testing.

Vegas is facing a crisis. A severe and drastic teacher shortage in urban Vegas.

African American students are more likely to have no teacher.

We are missing teachers. 30,000 kids without a teacher? The school named after Martin Luther King has 8 licensed teachers and everyone else is temporary. A staff of 70 substitutes?

But we will add more testing to already at-risk kids?

African American Victory schools had an almost 100% White Administrative Staff show up this evening to ask for more testing.

An administrator speaking to the board just claimed: kids are sad when they cannot be tested? Really?

Does the school board really believe that more data of any sort will be key to improvement?

More testing is useful? Formative or summative?

This teacher will state clearly. This is a tragedy.

I would love to see the full deal. And who this vendor really is that just sideswiped the usual vendor approval process. Who is connected to this vendor and to this deal? Garvey brought the legality up several times. Good point. Voted yes anyhow.

No teachers. No teachers. No teachers.

Where is the additional support? This is supposed to help a teacher who does not exist? This will help the substitute?

Not negotiating in good faith.

Yes to testing? No to teachers.

Great example how priorities are skewed and how bad choices are made.

If you dont help kids – which is work done by skilled labor – all the data in the world is useless. It is people on the ground who love kids – who will turn schools around or help at-risk kids.

Bad mistake.

Tragedy.

And legislators – the board blamed you several times this evening for not giving them much time. Seems they do not value you either. They routinely blame you. They blame me too.

Join the club.”

“Angie.”

Brian Crosby, a teacher in California, notes the dramatic decline in the number of people enrolling in teacher preparation programs. We know why. Loss of autonomy. Scripted curricula. Low pay. Teacher-bashing by politicians and the media.

Yet some people persevere. Why?

“California needed more than 21,000 teachers to fill positions this school year because the number of teacher candidates has declined by more than 55%, from 45,000 in 2008 to 20,000 in 2013, as reported by the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing.

“With fewer people going into the teaching field, shouldn’t the powers that be examine how to increase interest in it?

“Working conditions and salary clearly are not selling points.

“Much of the negative aspects of teaching stem from the lack of control teachers have over their own profession.

“Schools are still structured top-down as they have been for a century, with teachers viewed more as factory workers, not master-degreed professionals who can problem-solve without the intervention of those outside the classroom.

Teachers know how to improve their profession, but do not have a voice in the matter, impotent in their subservient roles. How many college students would gravitate toward such a future career?

“It wasn’t that long ago that the concept of site-based management was seriously championed as a way to involve teachers in the decision-making process at a school. But that grand idea vanished.

“So, education bureaucrats continue to mandate so-called reforms such as Common Core standards and standardized testing that teachers are expected to deliver with little input….

“Let’s face it. We all hope that selfless people join the military to protect our country. We all hope that decent people become firefighters and police officers to protect our society. And we all hope that quality people join the teaching ranks to mold our future commodity — children.

“But hoping will only get so far. If schools expect a line outside human resources of people applying for jobs, then a major overhaul of the teaching profession has to happen. And it will take teachers themselves to blast the clarion call since those in the upper echelon of education show no interest in changing the status quo.
Is there any chance of that happening in our lifetime?

“One can only hope.”

Now we know the outcome of the reformers’ campaign to put a “great teacher” in every classroom (or at least a great computer). They unleashed their teacher-bashing campaign in 2010 with the release of “Waiting for Superman.” They told us our schools were overrun with bad teachers, and we could cure that by firing the bottonm 5-10% every year, based on test scores. Add “Superman” to Arne Duncan’s mandate to tie teacher evaluation to test scores and his constant refrain that teachers are lying to students by not telling them they are failures; and the Los Angeles Times publication of teacher ratings based on student test scores, applauded by Arne (“What’s there to hide?”); and the mass firing of teachers in Central Falls, Rhode Island (applauded by both Duncan and I ama); and the teacher-bashing by Michelle Rhee, which won her cover stories on TIME and Newsweek; and NBC’s “Education Nation”; Bill Gates advocating that great teachers should have larger classes and defining great with VAM; and state legislatures removing tenure, collective bargaining, funding the agency for inexperienced teachers, TFA; removing salary bumps for experience and education: and guess what happens? not a great teacher in every classroom, but a national teacher shortage!

Why would anyone want to be a teacher to join the ranks of the unrespected, the underpaid, and to become the targets of so many powerful people, a strange coalition of billionaires and yahoos?

Here is the latest from Politico:

“TRYING TO FIND TEACHERS: The number of teacher licenses issued each year in Indiana dropped by a third over the last five years. About 3,800 licenses were issued during the 2014-15 school year – down 21 percent from the previous year, according to state data [http://bit.ly/1WlEx0F ] released on Thursday. The numbers reflect a nationwide trend: Many states are struggling with teacher shortages. Teacher pay is dismal. Fewer students are enrolling in teacher preparation programs, drawn to better-paying jobs as the U.S. continues to climb out of the recession. During the 2008-09 school year, more than 719,000 students nationwide were enrolled in teacher prep programs. By 2012-13, that number fell to about 500,000. And some say [http://bit.ly/1R42HtL] that fights over academic standards, tenure and testing are driving teachers away.

“- States and districts are coping in a number of ways. Oklahoma is resorting to emergency measures, for example. The Oklahoma Board of Education has approved 842 emergency teaching certificates since July – compared to 825 emergency teaching certificates total over the last four years, the Tulsa World reports [http://bit.ly/1NPIN5u]. The emergency certificates allow people to work as teachers who don’t have the qualifications usually required. Oklahoma state education chief Joy Hofmeister told [http://politi.co/1QBLzKY ] Morning Education earlier this month that she’s working to build pathways for emergency-certified teachers to get full certification. She also wants the state legislature to tackle teacher compensation this legislative session. The state announced [http://bit.ly/1NXi3BJ] Thursday that it’s forming a task force to tackle the shortage.

“- Oregon’s schools and districts are recruiting professionals without education backgrounds through alternative route licenses, the Associated Press reports [http://bit.ly/1iOV8Mk ]. More than 2,200 Oregon students completed teacher preparation programs in 2008-09, compared to nearly 1,700 in 2012-13.”

The upshot: states will have to lower standards to have enough teachers. A strange strategy for improving education!

The Los Angeles Times published letters from some teachers about why teachers quit.

Bottom line: The “Children First” mentality drives teachers away by creating the presumption that teachers are on a “different side” from children and that they put their own greedy self-interest above the needs of their students.

Dr. Jim Arnold, superintendent of the Pelham City schools, explains why Georgia has a teaching shortage. The answer can be summed up in a few words: Governor Nathan Deal and ALEC, and one very long sentence:

Is it any wonder that many teachers have finally reached the point where they are fed up with scripted teaching requirements and phony evaluations that include junk science VAM and furlough days and increased testing that reduces valuable teaching time and no pay raises and constant curriculum changes and repeated attacks on their profession from people that have no teaching experience and the constant attempts to legislate excellence and cut teacher salaries and reduce teacher benefits and monkey with teacher retirement and SLO’s for non-tested subjects and state and federal policies that require more and more paperwork and less and less teaching and tighter and tighter budgets that mean doing more and more with less and less and longer school days and larger classes with higher and higher expectations and a political agenda that actively encourages blaming teachers for societal issues and the denigration of public education and market based solutions and legislators bought and paid for by ALEC and a continued reliance upon standardized test scores as an accurate depiction of student learning and achievement with no substantive research to support such a position and top-down management from people that wouldn’t know good teaching if it spit on their shoes and slapped them in the face? No wonder teachers are discouraged. No wonder teacher morale is at an all- time low. No wonder more and more teachers are retiring.

Please read the rest to find out what should be done about Governor Nathan Deal’s embrace of Alec’s agenda to get rid of public education.

When you think of Las Vegas, you think of hotels and gambling, but Las Vegas also has a large school system, the Clark County School District. It enrolls more than 300,000 students and spends less than $7,000 per student. It is the fifth largest school district in the nation, and legislators have launched a process to break up CCSD into four districts. Critics say it will allow wealthy communities to secede and reenforce segregation. The district is dealing with budget issues, and class sizes are huge: 32:1 in fourth and fifth grades, and higher in higher grades.

Like many districts, CCSD has a serious teacher shortage. School opens today, and there are 900 vacancies for teachers.

The district hired 200 more teachers in May than it did during the same month last year, but teachers are leaving the district at an alarming rate.

More than 1,600 CCSD teachers quit the profession this past school year, up by about 600 over the past five years. Only around a third of those are due to retirements. Yearly resignations count for 6 percent of the total number of licensed teachers in the district.

Educators on the frontlines often say it’s the result of bad morale among those in the profession.
“This is the worst it’s been in all my years,” said Katie Decker, principal of Bracken and Long elementary schools.

“The amount of demands that are placed on them now, it’s a much tougher job than was placed on them years ago,” she said. “You gotta shift the culture.”

Decker, a nationally recognized principal known for her common sense leadership, took charge of Long this year as part of the district’s “school franchise” program. The elementary school is short eight full-time teachers going into this year, though long-term subs are lined up to fill the gaps for the time being.

Shortages are especially persistent at inner city schools like Long, where 76 percent of the student body is Latino and 77 percent qualify for free and reduced-price lunch. At Martin Luther King Jr. Elementary, near Nellis Air Force Base, 93 percent of students qualify for free and reduced lunch. The school is also short 20 full-time teachers, the worst shortage in the district. By comparison, earlier this year Canyon Springs High School had the worst shortage at around 10 vacant positions.