Naftuli Moster is the Founder and Executive Director of YAFFED, a nonprofit organization focused on improving secular education in ultra-Orthodox yeshivas. He is a graduate of a New York yeshiva, and he became convinced after he finished that he had been denied a full education. He blames officials in New York City and New York State for ignoring the needs of Yeshiva students to avoid offending politically powerful orthodox Jewish communities.
Moster writes:
Students in many ultra-Orthodox yeshivas face educational neglect. NYSED must stop the delays.
It may sound shocking in this day and age, but many ultra-Orthodox schools in New York are actively violating state law by providing little to no secular instruction in topics like English, math, science, and history—and New York officials have stalled and stymied action to address this educational neglect at every turn.
What started as an allegation by a small group of grassroots activists has since been confirmed by the New York City Department of Education, which found that 26 of the 28 yeshivas they investigated did not meet the minimum standards. Hasidic boys in elementary and middle school receive a maximum of 90 minutes of secular education a day, and in high school they receive none whatsoever. (Girls in these same communities tend to receive more secular education because they are barred from studying Talmud and because they are groomed to be the breadwinner, so their husbands can continue studying Torah.)
After years of considering a proposal to increase oversight of New York’s nonpublic schools—the first real chance at reform since this issue came to the fore in 2015 —the New York State Education Department (NYSED) balked. In May 2021, after intense pressure from private school entities, NYSED quietly disclosed to the Board of Regents that they would be scrapping proposed regulations, which had been under consideration since 2019 and would have increased oversight of the state’s nonpublic schools, ensuring that they provide students with a basic education. New regulations are supposed to be developed this fall, but since they were not discussed in the October Board of Regents monthly meeting, the timeline seems to be delayed once again.
This development is unacceptable. Since the alarm was first sounded about the lack of secular studies in Hasidic yeshivas, leaders of these same schools have taken every opportunity they can to smear advocates and spread misinformation about what really goes on in their institutions. Their tactics have contributed to the years of stalling of any meaningful reforms, leaving students to suffer the consequences of no real secular education, and limited college and career prospects.
And, this student population is on the rise. Our report shows how the Hasidic population only continues to grow, and with that, so does the impact of this issue. Hasidic students already make up 20.5 percent of the nonpublic school students in New York, with over 90,000 students enrolled in Hasidic schools in 2018-2019. In Brooklyn, it is projected that by 2030, 23 to 37 percent of all school-age children will be Hasidic.
This means that each passing year, more students will miss out on a basic education. Many finish their schooling with about the equivalent of a third or fourth-grade education and never learn even basic sciences or history. Where is the equity in that?
Of course, NYSED should follow through and develop meaningful regulations that would enforce subject matter requirements and time allotment standards. But NYSED cannot act as if, in the absence of new regulations, they are powerless to enforce any kind of educational standards. There are long-standing regulations about how to deal with complaints against nonpublic schools in New York. NYSED must use its existing authority to ensure that children attending ultra-Orthodox yeshivas are getting the education to which they are entitled under the New York State Constitution. A new school year is already underway, and there is no time to waste.
It is shameful that NYSED is failing to live up to its self-proclaimed vision to “provide leadership for a system that yields the best educated people in the world” out of fear they might upset private school leadership. The students themselves—the very people that NYSED is supposed to support—are bearing the brunt of this crisis. NYSED must step up to do the job they are entrusted to do, and that taxpayers pay them to do.
Betty Rosa, Commissioner of NYSED, has an opportunity to be a real leader here and ensure strong regulations are adopted. And, while policies are being crafted and revised, she must use NYSED’s existing authority to take any corrective actions necessary against schools that are failing their students. She can leave an indelible mark on New York State education policy, finally putting an end to the injustice ultra-Orthodox students have faced for generations.
One of the things that makes the least sense to me is that a lot of if not all of these yeshivas claim the statewide NYSTL funds from the city (considered reimbursible).
Those funds are for software, hardware, textbooks, and library books. Most of these yeshivas use none of these things and yet they take the money – if there was accountability for use of state funds in providing the services and materials these funds are supposed to be for, it would move the needle (they’d probably find some workarounds but using it as a lever would get information from them and force them to make some adjustments if they all of a sudden had to comply with actual NYSTL program guidelines).
SICKENING. SAD. And “OH so BAD.”
that claim is absolute garbage. NYSTL funds can only be used on NYSTL-approved items purchased through the DOE’s portal. As someone who has the headache of spending these funds, I can attest that there is no way to use the money on anything other than the approved textbooks, library books, and software that is available on the DOE portal (known as FAMIS). It is extremely frustrating to wait for certain textbooks to finish the lengthy approval process so that they can be purchased. The funding for a nonpublic school is much more modest and limited than the funds for a public school.
The library funds are the least of the yeshivas’ financial raid on public funds.
Read this story from last November: https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/11/nyregion/hasidic-yeshivas-schools-new-york.amp.html
Not only were the yeshivas pulling in millions of taxpayer dollars, their kids were not getting a secular education:
“The leaders of New York’s Hasidic community have built scores of private schools to educate children in Jewish law, prayer and tradition — and to wall them off from the secular world. Offering little English and math, and virtually no science or history, they drill students relentlessly, sometimes brutally, during hours of religious lessons conducted in Yiddish.
The result, a New York Times investigation has found, is that generations of children have been systematically denied a basic education, trapping many of them in a cycle of joblessness and dependency.”
“The schools appear to be operating in violation of state laws that guarantee children an adequate education. Even so, The Times found, the Hasidic boys’ schools have found ways of tapping into enormous sums of government money, collecting more than $1 billion in the past four years alone.”
New York Democrats have a symbiotic relationship with New York’s ultra-Orthodox community. Democrats tend to turn a blind eye to any problems related to them in order to secure their block vote in elections. Trying to impose secular rules on the ultra-Orthodox community could blow up the cozy relationship that Democrats have with this volatile community.
Not sure this community votes Democratic anymore. Certainly not on the National level.
“Borough Park has consistently voted for the Republican candidate in recent presidential elections, even more so than this year. Mitt Romney got 75 percent of the vote in the 48th Assembly District in 2012, compared with 23 percent for the Democratic candidate, President Obama. In 2008, the Senator John McCain got 70 percent, versus 27 percent for Mr. Obama.”
Who is there to offend. There are some non orthodox in these communities. Some pols called his support at 83 percent in the orthodox communities .
The oligarchs are fielding big guns at present in their latest attempt at replacing taxpayer-funded public schools with taxpayer-funded vouchers that can be used for religious schools as per the Espinoza decision, which provided the ammunition for this attack. This is existential for them, and the wealth tax proposals have them squirming on their massage tables in their fully staffed in-home spas. They NEED private religious schools to indoctrinate kids if they are going to continue to thrive as never before in this time when young people coming up are on the opposite sides from them on all the issues and the changing demographics of the country are so much against them. The wealth tax is dead in the water, ofc, and Musk can look forward to racing Bezos to become the world’s first trillionaire.
I didn’t, ofc, address the issue presented in the main post. But this post raises an issue that will become more and more relevant as the number of private schools of very low quality expands post Espinoza and the proliferation of voucher programs around the country. The voucher programs provide, ofc, a fraction of the cost of a decent private school, but the key word there is “decent.” In the past, private schools have been exempt from lots of state governance. Private school students do not, for example, have to take the ridiculous state standardized tests mandated by federal law; their teachers do not have to be licensed (certified), though many private schools do require certification; and they do not have to follow state curriculum outlines and “standards.” So, lax governance combined with low available funding could easily lead to a proliferation of low-quality private schools that cater to the religious, political, and other extremisms of parents. I have often (too often, I’m afraid) posted satires here of the coming craziness–about Bob’s Real Good Flor-uh-duh School for Trumpeters, the Proud Boys School for Incelance, The Akashic Academy for Little Cosmic Voyagers, and so on. Expect to see a lot more of these in the near future and for this issue, the question of the extent of government power over private school education, to become more and more pressing.
Interesting–isn’t it?– that our popular culture entertainments see what is happening, but 70 million Americans don’t:
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1535108/
I have seen the future promised by the current trajectory, and it looks like this.
“separation of church and state” is derived from
“wall of separation between church and state”,
a term coined by Thomas Jefferson.
Legal Definition: the separation of religion
and government mandated under the establishment
clause and the free exercise clause of the
U.S. Constitution
that forbids governmental establishment or
preference of a religion and that preserves
religious freedom from governmental intrusion.”
Education is WHAT we say it is.
A system that yields the best educated people,
in the world, is WHAT we say it is.
The “metrics” used to determine and identify
the “best educated people” are WHAT
we say they are.
“Throughout Jewish history Judaism has always
faced internal and external challenges to
its beliefs and practices.
According to its adherents, Haredi Judaism
(ultra-Orthodox)is a continuation of
Rabbinic Judaism. Adherents of Haredi Judaism,
just like Rabbinic Jews, see their beliefs as
part of an unbroken tradition which dates
back to the revelation at Sinai.
Other historians of Orthodoxy consider
Haredi Judaism, in its most modern incarnation,
to date back to the beginning of the 20th century.”
The orgin quibble doesn’t seem to change the
belief. The free exercise clause of the
U.S. Constitution seems to prohibit
“governmental intrusion” on religious beliefs
“religious freedom from governmental intrusion.”
I’m NOT suggesting the ultra-Orthodox
yeshivas AREN’T failing their students.
Do the ultra-Orthodox have
“religious freedom from governmental intrusion”?
Do the ultra-Orthodox yeshivas view their
beliefs as “educational neglect”, as defined
by the government “officials”?
Do the “officials” think they can somehow
change what the ultra-Orthodox believe in?
What is
“religious freedom from governmental intrusion”?
Does anyone know if a study has been done of adults educated in orthodox Yeshivas to see what they think about the quality of the educations that they received and about how well these prepared them for adult life? It would be extremely interesting to see such a thing.
Education graduate students looking for a great dissertation topic: well, here’s one.
@ Dina (Sorry – I can’t seem to reply directly to your comment). I am am sure Bob was not writing a ‘random’ comment, and I am not writing ‘random’ comments either. You explain that the Orthodox community in NYC is politically powerful. Having taught in the system for years (I now work in politics) I can certainly vouch for that. As for preventing investigation, there has been resistence from certain institutions, yes. But many aspects of the system have been studied and written about – often by highly qualified members of the communities themselves, in conjunction with reputable research bodies and Universities. A lot of that literature is well-known.
Dear Ms. Nerberg: I have very little knowledge of education in Orthodox Yeshivas. I have only one friend who was born, raised, and educated in an Orthodox Jewish community, and she is extremely learned (and quite brilliant). So, a counterexample.
No need for a ‘study’ as though Orthodox people are some kind of exotic species. Everyone in the Jewish world knows many of the thousands upon thousands of adults educated in orthodox Yeshivas and the range of opinions therein is well-known.
Naftuli Moster was not writing a random opinion. He is a graduate of a NYC yeshiva.
Asking if there are studies of this emphatically DOES NOT suggest or imply that “Orthodox people are some kind of exotic species.” It simply suggests an identifiable subgroup of the overall population of the United States, like Amish persons or fundamentalist Mormons or school teachers or gig workers. Having some actual information about the topic in addition to anecdotal accounts would be illuminating.
@ Bob: Absulutely, there is always a need for studies as opposed to anecodotal information. My point was that many have been conducted and I am sure will continue to be conducted – not least by academics within the Orthodox communty itself. Just for the clarification, it was more your langugage surrounding questioning of the preparedness of the Orthodox-educated students for later life that suggested a view of exoticism – as though Orthodoxy and professional life were intrinsically incompatable – but perhaps I picked you up wrong.
Many people I work and have worked with who are educated to Masters or PhD level were educated in orthodox yeshivas. All are more than well-prepared for adult life inellectually, emotionally, and sipritually. Sadly, as this article contains so many assumptions and erros about the Jewish world, one can’t blame people for making sweeping statements and judgements on the situation based on reading it.
The author of the article about yeshivas in NYC is a graduate of a NYC yeshiva. Perhaps your experience has been different. He is describing his own experience. The orthodox community in NYC and New York State is politically powerful and has prevented any serious investigation of their curriculum and teaching practices.
The dark side of politics… as a substantial voting bloc NYSED and de Blasio refused to take any action, fearful of ultra orthodox voters, evangelicals, both Christian and Jewish are assaulting public education.. the next is public funding of parochial schools, and, a case is on the Supreme Court docket
A STUDY???
Just open one eye and see how many are
captured by the bamboozle, the propaganda.
Drum roll…
Effective propaganda starts where faculties
of discernment ends.
Paste any term on a process.
Use faux metrics to define “achievement”.
Lather, rinse, and repeat ’till the cows
come home.
If “education” doesn’t cultivate individuals
with true vision, propaganda will remain
effective.
I have great sympathy for those students who got subpar educations from yeshivas, but this isn’t about yeshivas (Jews) having some special influence. There are Evangelical Christian schools in upstate NY that aren’t regulated by the state either.
From the website of the Grapeville Christian School upstate NY:
“Grapeville Christian School teaches to their high standards using nationally renowned curriculum that incorporates Christian beliefs into every subject, including math!”
One big difference is that NYC, despite not having the power to regulate them, has been putting pressure on those yeshivas, as have the “good” yeshivas where students are actually learning the basics.
NYC doesn’t even have oversight of charter schools that are funded with taxpayer dollars! How can they have oversight of yeshivas without a change in the law?
I think that the NYC investigation of yeshivas, albeit delayed, was a lot more thorough than any of the investigations of charter schools that NYC isn’t allowed to do.
I thought that the yeshiva schools are all public schools. If not does anyone have a breakdown over which are private and which are public?
Yeshivas schools are all private religious schools. However they get large subsidies from the state and feds for Special Ed, transportation, etc.
Thanks for the clarification.
Duane,
Yeshiva schools are religious schools like Catholic schools and evangelical Christian schools. In NYC, the DOE is forced to pay the operating costs (I think it’s more than $15,000 per pupil) for privately operated charter schools, but not for yeshiva schools or Catholic schools.
Like all religious schools in NY State, the students do have a right to transportation and other services.
Growing up in the midwest some 50 years ago, kids who attended parochial schools also got free transportation on public school buses. So that perk has been going on before ed reformers controlled governments.
Thanks for the clarification!
Public schools often have to share Title 1 and other services as well. My district in NY provided an ESL teacher, a reading and math compensatory teacher as well as any psychological and speech services students required in a private religious school within the district’s boundaries.
Thanks for the added info!
I’d consider it progress if they were brought into the 19th Century.