Archives for category: Testing

A statement today from FAIRTEST:

National Center for Fair & Open Testing
for further information:

Bob Schaeffer (239) 395-6773
cell (239) 699-0468

for immediate release, Tuesday, July 16, 2013

FLORIDA SCHOOL GRADES ARE “POLITICALLY MANIPULATED SCAM”
ASSESSMENT REFORM LEADER CALLS FOR END OF
“FAILED EXPERIMENT IN BOGUS ACCOUNTABILITY”

Today’s Board of Education vote to again change the state’s school rating system demonstrates that “Florida’s test-driven school grading system is a politically manipulated scam,” according to a national assessment reform leader. Bob Schaeffer, Pubic Education Director of the National Center for Fair & Open Testing (FairTest), explained, “When the votes of seven political appointees can instantly transform a ‘C’ school into one rated ‘B,’ it’s easy to see that the grades have no real meaning.”
Schaeffer noted that the state admits to having made more than 30 changes to its school rating system in just the past two years. He concluded, “The standards for letter grades are not even consistent from one year to the next, let alone educationally useful. It’s time for Florida to end this cynical, failed experiment in bogus accountability.”
Founded in 1985 by leaders of major education reform, civil rights and student groups, FairTest is based in Boston, Massachusetts. Schaeffer has lived in southwest Florida for 14 years while continuing to work for the organization.
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A new study published by the National Bureau of Economic Research says that high-stakes testing leads to an increase in the incarceration rate.

Olesya Baker and Kevin Lang conclude that the use of high-stakes tests as a graduation requirement leads to a lower graduation rate and a higher incarceration rate.

Anthony Cody has an excellent column about this study here. As he puts it, “exit exams boost the school to prison pipeline.”

The recent NAEP Long Term Trend report showed almost no test score gains from 2008-2012, the era in which high-stakes tests were ubiquitous.

Please, someone, remind me why Congress and Secretary Duncan and President Obama and every governor and legislature is obsessed with testing. Is it confusion, incoherence, indifference, ignorance, or something else?

For the past dozen years, there has been no louder cheerleader for No Child Left Behind, Race to the Top, and their demand for test-based accountability than the Néw York Times’ editorial board.

Despite the fact that greater test score gains were recorded before the implementation of NCLB than since; despite the finding of the National Research Council that test-based accountability was ineffectual; despite numerous examples of cheating, gaming the system, narrowing the curriculum, and other negative consequences of high-stakes testing, the Times’ editorial board has stubbornly defended this regime of carrots and sticks based on standardized tests.

Even now, in an editorial saying that testing had gone too far and had turned into a “mania,” the Times can’t resist referring to the passage of George W. Bush’s NCLB (based on the non-existent “Texas miracle”), as “a sensible decision.”

It was not. NCLB was a disaster for the quality of education in the United States. Furthermore, it sent the privatization movement into high gear, since “failing” public schools could, under the law, be closed, privatized, handed over to charter operators. We now know that none of these remedies actually works unless low-performing kids are excluded or kicked out, and we know that the overwhelming majority of so-called “failing” schools are schools that enroll mostly black and Hispanic students, many of whom are poor, have disabilities, or don’t speak English. Schools are being closed and privatized because they enroll the neediest students, not because they are “failing.”

Now the Times looks forward to the Common Core and the computerized testing it requires to bring the wonderful progress promised by NCLB.

It is good to see that even the Néw York Times and its education editorial writer Brent Staples recognize that enough is enough. If only they had said so five years ago, before so many schools were unfairly closed based on test scores. If only they would acknowledge that standardized tests mirror advantage and disadvantage. If only they would ask questions about how more rigorous testing will affect the kids who are now struggling with the current tests.

But let us be grateful that after 12 years of NCLB and four years of Race to the Top, the Times’ ardor for high-stakes testing has cooled.

New York City parent activist Natalie Green Giles saw an uncanny resemblance between the Hunger Games and the city’s education policies.

She writes:

The Hunger Games in the NYC Public Schools

June 2013

By Natalie Green Giles

We have just finished the annual rite of our Hunger Games here in our New York City public schools. Our games go on for six days, not counting the weeks (in some cases months) of prep to get ready for them. The reaping, as always, selected all of our third through eighth grade public school students, from our 32 districts, some as young as seven years old. We parents hope it doesn’t get younger, but the ominous signs are starting to point that way.

Families know the drill at this point, but it has been getting worse. The Capitol–City Hall and the DOE in coercion with the Albany education leaders and lawmakers–must have felt rumbles of rebellion and decided that it wasn’t enough to just use our children as pawns in the political game of legacy-making and privatization: this year they went and up’ed the challenge and made the games harder, knowing that the tributes and their coaches (teachers) wouldn’t have enough time or the right tools to train, and that some kids would have a much harder time surviving in this arena. They, of course, had to make sure that the whole world could see the Capitol’s power, authority, and ability to control and humiliate, so they still made sure they could fire the teachers based on the scores of the tributes (even though by now we all know the metrics are based on a terribly flawed methodology). They try to make these scores public so that we can cheer for the top performers and deride the low scorers. The Capitol also makes sure we know that they will come and shut down a schools if not enough of its kids survive the arena with a passing score. It’s a way of keeping us standardized and conformist. It’s an easy way for them to keep track of us, just giving everyone a number. We wouldn’t want society to start nurturing creative and independent thinkers who might cause a rebellion in the future.

Once again, the careers from District 2 showed off their lifelong training; we heard recently how the majority of rising kindergartners getting the gifted and talented seats came from that esteemed district. We already knew that the fourth graders and seventh graders from the wealthier district often had a lot of private coaching, but many families now spoke of hiring tutors and sending their four-year-olds to test prep programs, just to be sure their kids were armed as best as they could be. You can’t blame them. The competition is fierce in the arena, and we know not everyone can win. There are just so many seats available in the good schools, especially in the good middle and high schools.

Then there are the gamesmakers. They go by the name of Pearson. Beware of them. They are being paid tens of millions of dollars alone this year from the testing contracts they have signed with the Capitol, and they are ready to put in whatever obstacles are necessary if it looks like the children are getting too comfortable. Starting fires, creating fierce mutant animals, or turning down the temperature to freezing in the arena? That’s nothing. Now they have ramped up what was a 180-minute test to 270 minutes—three straight days of 90 concentrated minutes (bathroom breaks are discouraged), reading passage after passage after passage, sometimes throwing in crazy stories about pineapples and hares. It could drive a tribute to the point of madness. Or worse—it could make them hate reading and writing with all those boring passages that don’t reflect life in their own district and with everything out of context. And to really trip us up, they make mistakes in their scoring. They sometimes tell kids who performed well that they didn’t make the cut. Who knows what last minute perils those gamesmakers at Pearson will throw in for the upcoming tests? Who knows what dangers await our children? Not even the Capitol, it seems.

And yes, all of Panem watches and reads about the games, but we are not actually allowed to ever see the tests or know what the correct answers are (or know what our children got wrong). But the games nonetheless are a political spectator sport, and media companies benefit mightily, as newspapers and other media outlets cover the drama of the arena and everything leading up to it. And when the final scores come out? That’s the real feeding frenzy. But no one media company benefits as much as Rupert Murdoch’s. He has a subsidiary called Wireless Generation. Check them out.

We parents want to rebel but we don’t know how. We suffer every year along with our chosen children, but go along with it because we are forced into believing that the Capitol knows what’s best—more so than even parents and educators. So we acquiesce and let our children go without real learning for weeks and months while they get prepped for battle. We let our children endure the days of testing, with all the stress and pressure and anxiety it causes. And then we watch as our children lose even more instructional time after it’s all over, because their teachers are then taken away to grade the tests for days at a time. (Oh—and by the way– the schools now have to pay the bill for the coverage while their teachers are away.) A few families were brave enough to “opt out” of testing this year—keeping their kids out of the arena or telling them not to fight when they got there (i.e., leave the test blank)—but we’ve heard that there will be severe consequences for those kids and their schools. But maybe it’s time for us to be brave. Maybe it’s time to fight against what we know is just plain wrong. Before it gets even worse. Before the games are scheduled for more than six days a year.

Think about it–when the stakes are so high and so misguided that our children’s educational reality begins to mirror a dystopian fantasy, what do we really have to lose?

William Mathis, a former school superintendent in Vermont, now associated with the National Education Policy Center, analyzed the proposed legislation of both Democrats and Republicans and finds that both parties have no understanding of the damage wrought by No Child Left Behind.

Washington insiders continue their hapless crusade to “reform” the schools by high-stakes testing and privatization. The Democrats want the federal government to do more of it, and the Republicans want the states to do it. Neither has a vision for the future.

Neither shows the slightest indication that they understand the real problems of American education, many of which have been inflicted by NCLB and Race to the Top.

So instead of ditching the failed policies of the past dozen years, both parties cling tenaciously to them.

He concludes:

“When Abraham Lincoln called on the mystic chords of memory, he drew upon those principles that bind us together. He drew upon the common good. At that time, equality was so embraced that it found Constitutional power and protection in the thirteenth amendment. At the beginning of the twentieth century, a wave of state Constitutional amendments enshrined public education because a functioning democracy demanded education and equality for all. In 1965, when we dreamed of a great society, we furthered our reach with the supportive help of the ESEA.

“Today, both Democrat and Republican versions of the reauthorization give vacant, distracted nods to these principles. They fail to ring with great purpose. They do not stir the soul. They are unlovely and parrot our social and economic strategies. In both they punish the poor, loudly proclaim liberty and
equality, and provide only the rhetoric of opportunities.”

 

The public is beginning to awaken to the realities of what is deceptively called “school reform.”

Read David Sirota’s terrific piece on how they are unraveling, here.

First, what is happening in state after state, in direct response to federal policy, is school destruction, not reform.

Second, the end game for the so-called “reformers” is privatization, not reform.

Everything the “reformers” advocate fails to produce better education.

Charters and vouchers are not only privatization, but they promote greater segregation and social stratification.

The endless testing regime has generated a backlash that reaches into every district in the nation.

The recent release of the NAEP Long-Term Trend data for 2008-2012 showed virtually no improvements in test scores for that period of time, just as NCLB and Race to the Top converged.

The “reformers” are the status quo.

It is a status quo that is bad for students, bad for teachers, and bad for the quality of education.

At some point, the public will demand change, and the reformers will be finished.

I was uneasy with the name , but I got over it.

The reality is that the Badass Association of Teachers fills a need. Teachers have been beaten up in the media, and have seen state after state strip away their academic freedom, their rights, their status in the community.

I was invited to join and to write an address to the BAT. This is it.

And here it is in full (by the way, I am uncomfortable with the name lie many others, but our struggle requires militants and BAT is the point of the spear):

Message of Support from Diane Ravitch to the Badass Teachers Association

Dear Members of the Badass Teachers Association,

I am honored to join your group.

The best hope for the future of our society, of public education, and of the education profession is that people stand up and resist.

Say “no.” Say it loud and say it often.

Teachers must resist, because you care about your students, and you care about your profession. You became a teacher to make a difference in the lives of children, not to take orders and obey the dictates of someone who doesn’t know your students.

Parents must resist, to protect their children from the harm inflicted on them by high-stakes testing.

Administrators must resist, because their job is changing from that of coach to enforcer of rules and regulations. Instead of inspiring, supporting, and leading their staff, they are expected to crack the whip of authority.

School board members must resist, because the federal government is usurping their ability to make decisions that are right for their schools and their communities.

Students must resist because their education and their future are being destroyed by those who would force them to be judged solely by standardized tests.

Everyone who cares about the future of our democracy must resist, because public education is under attack, and public education is a foundation stone of our democracy. We must resist the phony rhetoric of “No Child Left Behind,” which leaves every child behind, and we must resist the phony rhetoric of “Race to the Top,” which makes high-stakes testing the be-all and end-all of schooling. The very notion of a “race to the top” is inconsistent with our democratic idea of equality of educational opportunity.

We live in an era of ignorant policy shaped by politicians who have never taught a day in their lives.

We live in a time when politicians and policymakers think that all children will get higher test scores if they are tested incessantly. They think that students who can’t clear a four-foot bar will jump higher if the bar is raised to six feet.

We live in a time when entrepreneurs are eyeing the schools and their budgets as a source of profit, a chance to monetize the children, an emerging market. Make no mistake: They want to make education more cost-effective by eliminating your profession and eliminating you. Their ideal would be 100 children in front of computers, monitored by classroom aides.

You must resist, because if you do not, we will lose public education in the United States and the teaching profession will become a job, not a profession. What is happening today is not about “reform” or even “improvement,” it is about cutting costs, reducing the status of teachers, and removing from education every last shred of the joy of learning.

It is time to resist.

Badass Teachers, as you resist, be creative. Writing letters to the editor is good but it is not enough. Writing letters to the President is good, but it is not enough.

Be creative. The members of the Providence Student Union have led the way. They staged a zombie march in front of the Rhode Island Department of Education to demonstrate their opposition to the use of a standardized test as a high school graduation requirement. They invited 60 accomplished professionals to take the released items from the test, and most failed. This convincingly demonstrated the absurdity of using the test as a requirement for graduation. When the state commissioner of education who was the main backer of the tests scheduled her annual “state of education” speech, the students scheduled their first “state of the student” speech.

Act together. A single nail gets hammered. When all the nails stick up, the people with the hammers run away. When the teachers of Garfield High School in Seattle boycotted the MAP test, they won: the test was canceled and no one faced retribution.

Be brave. When you stand together and raise your voices, you are powerful.

Thank you for counting me as one of your own.

I salute you.

Diane Ravitch

Mark Naison, one of the founders and leaders of the Badass Association of Teachers, explains why BAT became necessary, and why its numbers have grown so dramatically:

 

When Reason Doesn’t Work: Another Explanation for “The Rise of the BATs”

Many people have criticized the “Badass Teachers Association” for its unprofessional sounding name and in your face image, but the meteoric rise of this group didn’t come out of nowhere.  All over the country educators have faced policies imposed from above by education officials-political appointees all- which violate their best practices and common sense, but have had no success whatsoever modifying these policies by writing position papers, mounting petition drives or testifying before the few open forums where such policies are discussed

 

Let’s use New York State as an example. During the last year, the Governor, the Legislature, and the State Education Department have imposed on school districts throughout the state protocols for teacher evaluation that are expensive, complicated, time consuming, unfair, and in the judgment of most principals in the state, completely unworkable. Some of the best principals in the state organized to challenge the new system. They wrote an extensive, well researched critique of the policies, circulated a principals letter with thousands of signatures, got even more signatures on a parents letter, and tried to testify at allegedly “open hearings” held by the state’s

“Education Reform Commission,” but found themselves marginalized and rebuffed.  The policies have been literally rammed down the throat of school districts by the Governor, who now have to cope with massive demoralization of teachers and administrators, the smothering of creative pedagogy in favor of “teaching to the test” and the cancellation of beloved art, music and sports programs to pay for the unfunded mandates the new system requires.

 

This  misapplication and intensification of high stakes testing provoked a huge statewide test revolt organized by parents, concentrated in Long Island, the Hudson Valley and Western New York,  as well as a broad based movement against Common Core Standards,  but is it any wonder that teachers, whose union leaders reluctantly supported the plan, are also rising up?

 

Teachers and children’s lives are being destroyed every day in New York State  and some teachers decided that  maybe a new, more confrontational style was required to deal with the arrogance of policy makers and  the astro turf, billionaire supported education policy groups behind the new policies.  So Badass Teachers Association was born, fueled by that rage and disappointment.

 

That is touched a chord with teachers throughout the nation, and the world, says something about how much concentrated power, and concentrated wealth, has undermined even the the pretense of democratic discussion regarding education policies.

 

Maybe it’s time to fight fire with fire.

 

The New York City Department of Education is treating students who boycott state tests as failures and requiring them to go to summer school if they hope to be promoted. Even if their teacher recommends them for promotion, they will be punished. There are consequences for those who defy the DOE.

Arthur Camins has written an insightful critique of the current debate over standards. As he puts it, “the past gets in our eyes.”

Camins begins:

“The Common Core State Standards for Reading and Mathematics appear to be simultaneouslyunstoppable trains and under siege, making strange bedfellows of both supporters and opponents.

Two issues cloud the debate about their validity, value and efficacy: (1) The idea of standards
has been conflated with standardization; (2) Standards have become inextricably linked to highstakes assessments. This has superseded a deeper meaning of assessment- the daily cycle of
diagnosis and feedback to students that marks the practice of every effective teacher.
However, there is something deeper contributing the cloudiness. I am reminded of a classic
Peanuts cartoon in which Lucy laments upon missing a fly ball, “Sorry I missed that easy fly ball,
manager. I thought I had it, but suddenly I remembered all the others I’ve missed. The past got in
my eyes!”

Camins notes a strange paradox: The supporters of “reform” says that the best schools (i.e., charters and vouchers) have autonomy, while the opponents of the Common Core say that teachers need autonomy.

He writes:

“Ironically, the critique of standards as unwarranted, creativity-stifling impositionsis grounded in many of the same autonomy assumptions about the power of unencumbered individuals to drive innovation and improvement. For example, many supporters and critics appear to share the idea that regulation stifles creativity. What separates the two perspectives is a different notion of size and characteristics of the group that can be trusted with autonomy. For supporters of standards, high-stakes assessments, charter schools, and privatization, the group to be counted upon is small: the really smart entrepreneurs. For some opponents, the number is large: virtually everyone.

Curious, this idea that schools should have autonomy, but teachers should not.

Read this provocative article.