Steve Nelson is a retired educator who writes often against the regime of test-and-punish. Steve was headmaster of the progressive Calhoun School in Manhattan, and he practiced what he preaches. For a time, he was a member of the board of the Network for Public Education, and I appreciated his wise counsel.
In this essay on his blog, he argues against censorship. In general, I agree with him. I wrote a book about the open, blatant censorship of textbooks, tests, and literary works used in schools, called The Language Police: How Pressure Groups Restrict What Students Learn. The book described in detail the protocols that publishers use to exclude words, phrases, and illustrations that anyone might object to. Their exclusions are described in what are called “bias and sensitivity guidelines.” The book contains a list of nearly 1,000 words, phrases, etc. that are never to be mentioned because someone finds them offensive.
I came out strongly against censorship of literary works and textbooks and tests.
But, but, but…as readers of this blog are aware, I practice censorship on this blog. I delete comments that insult me. I treat the blog as my living room. We are here to discuss topics of my choosing. If one of my guests calls me a filthy whore or a lying bitch, I don’t post their comments. Believe me, some have called me even worse epithets, too vile to mention.
I don’t post demonstrably false conspiracy theories. For example, I received a video about the Sandy Hook massacre claiming to prove that it was a hoax, that no one died there, that it was staged by professional “crisis actors.” I refused to post it. I deleted it. I censored it. The principal of the Sandy Hook Elementary School followed my blog and my Twitter account. She died. So did five other staff members and 20 children, ages 5 and 6. The young man who did it killed his mother and himself. The perpetrator of this hoax, Alex Jones, has been ordered to pay over $1 billion to families in Newtown, Connecticut, who have been threatened and harmed because of his lies. Why should I repeat his lies?
I will not post racist, anti-Semitic, homophobic, misogynist, xenophobic hate speech. But I oppose bowdlerizing books in which such language appears.
I oppose censoring Huckleberry Finn, the books Dr. Seuss published during World War 2, the books of Roald Dahl, the mural hanging in a San Francisco high school to which some students objected despite its artistic merit.
I support censorship of medical misinformation about COVID or other potentially fatal diseases. I support blocking quacks who advise sick people to drink bleach or swallow veterinary medicine. I read a blog written by a doctor titled “Misinformation Kills,” and I refuse to be complicit in spreading misinformation that kills. Elon Musk, on the other hand, a zillion times more powerful than me, has restored the COVID quacks, as well as Nazis and election deniers.
More controversially, I have blocked comments on the blog defending Putin’s unprovoked invasion of Ukraine and his brutal destruction of that sovereign nation. To me, defending Putin is no different from defending Hitler. I know that the word “unprovoked” will bring in more comments objecting that Putin was provoked to send 200,000-300,000 troops into a sovereign nation because Ukraine belonged to Russia long ago, or NATO was encircling Russia, or the Ukrainians are Nazis, or whatever the excuse of the day is. Sorry, I feel strongly about supporting a nation struggling for its very existence and opposing a vicious tyrant.
So there you have it, Steve. I oppose censorship of art and literature. But I practice censorship here because there are some forms of speech that I do not tolerate. I look forward to hearing from you.
Steve Nelson wrote:
The complex issues of sensitivity, censorship, expression, art and history splashed down on the front page of the New York Times this week in a pair of articles.
One piece examined the legal case brought by Quebec artist Sam Kerson, formerly of Vermont.
In 1993, Kerson installed two murals titled “Vermont, The Underground Railroad” and “Vermont and the Fugitive Slave” at Vermont Law and Graduate School (VLGS) in South Royalton. I’ve written of this before as I have a special interest. I was an administrator at VLGS at the time and played an instrumental role in facilitating the project. After recent complaints from students, describing the depiction of slaves as crude caricatures, VLGS covered the murals. Kerson sued, VLGS prevailed, Kerson appealed, and the appeal was heard in the Second Circuit Court of Appeals in New York City on January 27th. The Times article describes the somewhat arcane law that Kerson cites in the appeal to protect his creation.
The second article reported the rewrites of several works by Roald Dahl. The Times reports that the rewrites were “. . . an effort to make them less offensive and more inclusive, according to a representative from the author’s estate.” Changes included such things as removing “fat” and using more inclusive terms for race, gender and parenting.
It is a humorous coincidence that the Puffin Foundation supported the murals, and Puffin Books sanitized the novels. The Puffins are not related, although Wikipedia says this about the Foundation. “The Puffin Foundation, with more than $14 million in assets split between two independent entities, was seeded with the fortune Perry Rosenstein made in the Allen screw business. He got into the fasteners industry as a salesman. As he made the rounds on his accounts, he found several buyers who wanted diversity in Allen screws.”
All these years later, “diversity” and “screwing” are flashpoints!
A critical distinction: Sam Kerson is a passionate anti-racist activist, and no person questions his motives, which were to remind us of both cruelty and heroism. Roald Dahl, by contrast, was known as a nasty anti-semite and anti-feminist.
Particularly in these contentious times, it is important to adhere to principles, whether one prefers the outcome or not. One ought not fiercely defend only the rights or expression that coincide with personal values or beliefs. We can neither understand nor learn from the past if we are constantly tinkering with its representation. That doesn’t mean that any literary or artistic product has total impunity. It is our right – our obligation – to interpret, to critique and to engage in debate. Without discomfort, growth is stunted.
In the Dahl instance, there seems little nuance. Editing books to cleanse them of discomfort is indefensible. Dahl’s language tells us about the era, the context, and the author’s implicit and explicit biases. We need all of it to understand the books and the man. No one is forced to read them. And, of course, any good teacher can use student discomfort to provide valuable lessons on social injustice, misogyny, bigotry and more. Even Puffin Books could reprint with a publisher’s note, citing the examples of language they find offensive and stimulating debate as to why.
I intend no false equivalence, but the outcry over actions like the Florida erasure of the truth of racial injustice rings hollow if rewriting Dahl’s books is easily accepted.
As to VLGS murals, it is important to recognize that they are not like framed paintings, where displays are often rotated and there is no presumption of permanence. The nature of a mural is to be fixed and ongoing. They are Kerson’s creations. The Times writes, “The case turns on language in the federal law that says artists can seek to prevent modification of their work if the change would harm their honor or reputation.’” Kerson claims, as seems self-evident, that removal or covering is a “modification,” and that his honor and reputation are at stake.
I also have sympathy for students and others who find the murals difficult. But like Dahl’s language, the murals can be a topic for critical analysis and rich debate. As a matter of principle, Kerson’s impeccable bona fides are not dispositive. But as a matter of context, his intent does matter.
I am in no position to obligate Kerson to anything, but my guess is that he might welcome a chance to go to VLGS and engage in discussion. Perhaps they could persuade his good heart to their viewpoint. Or perhaps not. But hiding or removing the murals just capitulates to a dangerous trend toward censoring discomfort.
A law school should be reluctant to be part of that trend, however emotionally powerful the concerns may be.
(This post first appeared in the 2/26 Valley News in New England)
What you call censorship is what I call vetting, or editing. If a book publisher accepts a manuscript for publication, that acceptance comes with strings attached. If the author will accept no editorial changes, that contract will be revoked (it is right in a contract as a cause of revocation).
Is that censorship? I don’t think so. Commenters are submitting their comments for publication on your site. I think your policy is quite clear and you are merely implementing it. No censorship involved.
Rule #37b Never accept a label proffered by an enemy.
What he said! 👆
Thank you, Steve
Steve, in the event of any controversy in a book, the publisher will have their lawyers read it. If they think the assertion might be libelous, it is deleted.
Yep! And lawyers aren’t as formidable as Senior Editors, oh, my! But then you’ve been through the mill more than I. I have only two books via traditional publishers. My partner and I created our own Publishing House to be able to publish more freely and believe you me, I did a lot of legal research before going that route. :o)
Cheers and best wishes . . . always!
Thanks for the kind words, Diane. Your comments are thought-provoking and I think the other Steve addressed the issue quite well. Nonetheless, interesting questions remain. I fully agree with your “editorial” control of your own blog. No person or expression can claim rights here. It is only your judgment that holds sway. We readers trust you to engage in civil dialogue and tolerate dissent up to whatever lines you choose to draw.
I think the complexity parallels my own experience as a teacher. It was my choice as to what was within the lines. And, of course, as a progressive sort, my field was quite wide. Complexity abounds because censorship is a legal issue only when practiced by government. In most other settings, “censorship” in the form of discretion, taste, editing, vetting, verifying and criticizing is fair game.
I am struggling to find the line here myself. I think what I come to is this: A publisher accepts, edits and prints a manuscript – i.e. Roald Dahl. Thereafter, Dahl’s words, as published, are sacrosanct. In the mural cases, the projects are similarly sacrosanct. Several junctures for discretion were passed; accepting the mural, publishing the book, etc. Thereafter, any alteration is a flagrant violation of the artist/author intent and should be sanctioned as an ethical and intellectual violation, albeit generally not a legal one.
In your blog/living room, in my classroom, in my home, we are charged with honoring free expression and honesty with civility, humanity and open-mindedness. It will always be subjective and we should err on the side of inclusion.
You, Diane, are a national treasure.
Thank you, Steve. I agree completely. I am 100% opposed to altering a published work or work of art to suit modern sensibilities I am delighted to have your support for moderating the comments on the blog. I try to maintain civility. I make judgement calls. When I am wrong, I admit it. I am not a government official. This was a tough issue for me to wrestle with.
Key words: I am not a government official.
Even Mein Kampf is available without redaction or censorship. So be it.
I bought a facsimile edition of the original that was presented to all newly married couples in the Third Reich at Borders bookstore in West Hollywood in the 90s. It don’t get much weirder than that. Also still have my Houghton Mifflin translation from the early 80s that is begging to fall apart from age. Anyone interested in this historical period needs to read at least some extended passages to really “get” it.
You can buy Mein Kampf on Amazon.
But ANY book that is translated from a different language into English can be dependent on what word the translator uses. If a new translation changes words that are now offensive into a different word that might not offend, is that bad or good?
So I assume that must hold true for all the English language classics that are translated into different languages. Are foreign countries required to live with the first translation? Don’t books in the public domain sometimes have different translations?
Even the Bible has different versions where the language can be different!
I don’t think “censorship” is always the right word for choosing to make some changes in the words chosen to update it, just like the Bible does.
Very true, NYCPSP. Translation is so difficult. While I read and love many things in translation from languages I do not know, given the choice, I will always read original German before translation. Translating is an art. And some things, especially comedy, can rarely be translated accurately to convey the depth of nuanced humor. Colombo and shows like that, on the other hand, are sometimes as good or better in translation. I still like John Wayne better in German than English. Right winger that he was.
This was a very good post, Steve.
Yours is a private blog and you have the right to manage it the way you see fit. As it should be.
Diane, my friend, it is your blog and if you decide to censor something or not to censor something else is purely your choice. I we publish something under our name or a pen-name it’s our’s to control and it’s our name and reputation that is on the line. Love reading your blog and I habitually email it to friends, family, and old colleagues. Ken
Thank you, Kenneth!!
I would never dispute your right to publish or not publish whatever you please on your own blog. But what you choose to publish or not says things about you.
If a right-wing blogger who fervently believed that climate change was a hoax or that Blacks benefited from slavery refused to publish anything contradictory to those beliefs no matter how well argued, researched or sourced, what would you think of them? I don’t mean to put words in your mouth, but I’m guessing you would say that that’s their right, but you wouldn’t respect them very much. You might wonder why they are so adamantly opposed to viewpoints different from their own. You would probably have opinions about their intellectual honesty.
Your ardent refusal to consider anything on Ukraine that does not conform with your view does not reflect well on you. Your insistence that everything you disagree with is “Russian propaganda” and everyone who disagrees with you is a “Putin pawn” or “Trump troll” does not reflect well on you. I (and others) have posted numerous sources – all Western – from independent to mainstream, many of which quote current and/or former U.S. officials, many of which include video evidence, yet you won’t even read them. Are you so convinced that everything the U.S. government/media are telling you about Ukraine is true after all the documented lies of the past 40 years? Or are you willing to at least entertain the remote possibility that we’re not getting the whole truth? If the latter, how will you ever know if you won’t read any conflicting views?
Again, yes, it’s absolutely your right to bar all dissenting information about Ukraine from your blog – no argument from me. But it says a lot about you, which is sad because, in spite of it all, I still respect you and still believe you have the ability to face conflicting information and change your mind – as you once did.
I hope no one who supports Ukraine changes his or her mind. Ukrainians are willing to give their lives to avoid being under the authoritarian rule of Putin and the Wagner Group. The Ukrainians are willing to pay a steep price in order to elect a defender of democracy like Zelensky.
I’m willing to have my taxes spent supporting democracy in Europe where Zelensky and his countrymen courageously stand their ground.
Dienne,
Do you have anything negative to say about Charles Koch or does he get the same protection from you as Putin?
Good lord, talk about whataboutism. Where did Koch come from and when have I ever defended him?
Koch is the money, the driver and the creator of right wing power. If he was otherwise, there would be an indicator that there is distance between Putin’s views and Koch’s (the ones he acts upon), particularly regarding democracy.
US oligarchs owe Koch for the opportunities his network opens up for them.
In developing news, Axios describes a top executive at Consumer Research (not to be confused with Consumer Reports) speaking at the secretive, conservative religious organization, Council for National Policy. The Koch-linked Bradley Foundation provides funding to Consumer Research which is a right wing organization. Reportedly, the speech expressed opposition to ESG (the environmental, social and governance movement).
Americans on the left want democracy to provide safeguards for society by hemming in the transactions of business.
It’s not,”what aboutism,” and, neither is it wise to compartmentalize, ignoring despots who work in tandem toward the same goals. Attempts to supplant democracy should be called out on both Russian and U.S. shores.
There is a vast difference between “dissenting information” and MISinformation. I suggest that this writer might want to follow her own suggestions instead of being close-minded to the idea that anything Putin does could possibly be wrong. This person has rejected every bit of information that challenges her certainty that Putin’s invasion and annihilation of Ukraine cities is JUSTIFIED and RIGHT and entirely the fault of the US. She takes a few historic facts – some of which are true – and uses it to support Putin’s war of aggression. It’s ridiculous because anyone can use the same argument to justify US aggression anywhere, but if they do this poster rejects it as never justified. But somehow Putin’s atrocities in Ukraine are not to be criticized. As Jon Stewart would say, that’s hypocrisy of the highest order.
Right wing Republicans do that all the time.
“Your ardent refusal to consider anything on election fraud that does not conform with your view that Biden won the election does not reflect well on you. Your insistence that everything you disagree with is “Trump propaganda” and everyone who disagrees with you is a “Trump pawn” or “Trump troll” does not reflect well on you. I (and others) have posted numerous sources – all Western – from independent to mainstream, many of which quote current and/or former U.S. officials, many of which include video evidence of voter fraud and yet you won’t even read them. Are you so convinced that everything the U.S. government/media are telling you about how Biden won the election fairly after all the evidence of voter fraud?”
Accusing others of doing what YOU do is right out of the right wing playbook.
There is a vast difference between “dissenting information” and MISinformation.
YES! Even in somewhat pro-Russian India, people simply laugh at Foreign Minister Lavrov when he spouts the idiocies about the aggression against Ukraine parroted here by Dienne77.
Slava Ukraini!
Heroyam Slava!
That crazy Diane keeps claiming that Russian propaganda is Russian propaganda.
Bob,
Yes, the great hoaxes of the 21st century are that climate change isn’t real, that slavery was good for Black folks, and that Putin was wrong to order the invasion of Ukraine and brutally bomb civilian targets and devastate entire civilian neighborhoods.
It’s a riddle of an enigma inside a conundrum of a puzzle.
I wonder how much vodka one has to consume for how long to start imagining that Ukraine is run by Nazis, that Russia didn’t invade Ukraine in violation of international law, that Russia has not committed horrendous, large-scale war crimes and crimes against humanity there? Perhaps there is a sweet spot where, if you have consumed enough, Tsar Vladimir starts looking like Gandhi. No. On second thought, vodka would not be enough. The pot would have to be sweetened with lots of dollars (because the ruble is almost worthless now) from the GRU and enabled by, say, brain damage.
Greg: Exactly, as PF said.
Dienne, you and I get along relatively well because we both are Berniecrats. I am an expert on educational politics, but when it comes to international politics, I deign to Bernie, who is an expert on the subject. I’m not an expert. Senator Sanders said the U.S. “must unequivocally support the sovereignty of Ukraine and make clear that the international community will impose severe consequences on Putin and his fellow oligarchs if he does not change course.”
Thank you for your respectful response, LCT – I appreciate it.
As for Bernie, he has indeed fought for many crucial and humane advances domestically, only to be tragically stymied by both Republicans and Democrats. He has always been on the nose on issues such as healthcare, labor rights, and racial, gender and LGBTQ rights.
But on foreign policy he is no expert. He, like pretty much every other elected official, has allowed himself to be blinded by the prevailing Washington mindset of U.S. dominance and global hegemony promoted by the Pentagon and the defense contractors, the same people who have lied to us so many times before.
The fact is that those same parties are lying to us once again, and again the media is uncritically accepting their word. Just yesterday, for instance, they tried to tell us that three of the four Nordstream pipelines were destroyed by five guys in a rented yacht. Yet no one in the media has questioned this obviously bonkers story. And a few weeks before that we were spending billions to blow up $12 hobby balloons from Illinois because of drummed up terror over a “Chinese spy balloon” as if the Chinese are still living in 1823 and don’t have worldwide satellite surveillance.
There has been a furious ramping up of war tensions on multiple fronts and our elected leaders and media never stop to question any of it. Sadly, not even Bernie. It’s so dangerous that the Doomsday clock is the closest to midnight it’s ever been. We need to get out of the groupthink before it’s too late. Being willing to at least look at other perspectives – even if you disagree with them – is more vital now than ever.
I met Bernie at a small picnic gathering in rural Vermont when he was in his first term as senator for the state. It was organized and attended by some of the area’s family dairy farmers.
He told them he was sorry but there wasn’t going to be enough support in Congress to protect them from the then encroaching large scale agribusiness companies. Advised them to joint the local coop and/or form their own. Ever buy anything with the “Cabot” label? That’s one of ‘em.
Point is he was right. And he was and still is a straight shooter who doesn’t lie and doesn’t mince words. A politician with a purpose and a conscience. Someone I trust.
“There has been a furious ramping up of war tensions on multiple fronts”
The war tensions were not “ramped up” until Putin’s incursion and bombing of Ukraine!
Bernie is NOT covering up Putin’s destructive and murderous aggression so our resident Putin/Trump admirer trashes Bernie and calls him an idiot who believes whatever Washington tells him.
RUSSIANS don’t want this war — their own young people are being conscripted to die — but Putin wants it so dienne77 blames “everyone” -INCLUDING BERNIE SANDERS – but will not criticize Putin by name.
Ask yourself why.
How many Russian-speaking Ukrainians were killed in Donbas between 2014 and 2021? Who refused to implement and abide by 2015’s Minsk Accords?
James,
Was that number higher or lower than the number of people in Russia who were killed or poisoned or “voluntarily” found themselves falling from a very high building who disagreed with something Putin said?
Was Donbas heavily bombed by Ukraine to punish those Russian-speaking Ukraines? Or is that something you just approve of when Putin does it. The value of a human life to you is whatever Trump-loving Putin says it is?
James Eales, I am not arguing with your very strong preference for your own family to be ruled over by Putin instead of Zelensky, because you have every right to believe that your family’s values are more in sync with Putin’s than Zelensky’s. But it speaks for itself.
Diane: thanks for letting us into your parlor. I refuse to lecture you on how you keep it. Whatever you do, point those space lasers some other direction.
I don’t think secular Jews get the access codes, so that would leave Diane out. Not 100% sure, but someone told me or I heard it somewhere. That’s good enough for me.
Mazel tough!
Until your blog becomes so dominant that your readers have no other place on the internet to express contrary opinions, me thinks (smiley face) you are in the clear . Not sure how that would work unless you were a Social Media Company violating anti trust laws. Does anyone ever get prosecuted for violating anti trust laws anymore. I suspect if they did inflation would be lower.
Your good !
“ Does anyone ever get prosecuted for violating anti trust laws anymore. I suspect if they did inflation would be lower.”
Well said, Joel. I have no doubt.
Joel,
It’s more rewarding to read my blog than to read Twitter, for example. No annoying ads. No twisted advice about COVID. No Nazis.
Yes it is .
I would be uncomfortable with the murals. Not all art is equal.
I oppose censorship of the truth.
I support censorship of lies and hatred.
Unfortunately, there are those whose hatred draws them to either create or seek and follow the lies that destroy. Have to accept this reality and be willing to stand up to these people.
I appreciate how you run this community, Diane.
Thank you.
The only speech protected by the First Amendment is offensive speech. If the speech wasn’t offensive, it wouldn’t need protection. Of course, readers are lucky that one doesn’t depend on this blog for accurate and complete news regarding events in Ukraine.
Could not agree more that “readers are lucky that one doesn’t depend on this blog for accurate and complete news regarding events in Ukraine.” This is definitely not the blog to get that kind of information.
But the regular readers seek that information out because they are by nature well read and curious. They make educated judgments about what they read, see, and interpret in order to form their own views. You should check those out. They don’t fall for fascist-state-sponsored propaganda because they understand two important concepts: context and discernment. Unfortunately, that’s not the case for some contributors here.
I would not expect any reader of this blog to use it as their sole source of information on any topic. Readers here have many sources and often bring attention to info worth sharing. I read widely every day, but I am not always right and am willing to learn.
On one point, I am firm: Vlad Putin is a tyrant with no regard for human life. His word is never to be trusted. Right up to the day he sent his troops into Ukraine, he insisted that he would not invade Ukraine. He is a ruthless dictator who has crushed dissent and independent media in his country.
James: I hope you’re paying attention to these replies. I’ve been on this blog for a long time. The “regulars” don’t always agree. We receive our news from various news outlets and often have different interpretations. It’s a good spot for respectful debate.
Here’s a good example of what they want to censor:
Greg, if a teacher in most states showed this video—even a high school teacher—he or she would be fired.
Everything he says is documented by scholarship and historical evidence. We’ve done a great job of keeping it from people and creating a false narrative. The idea that any teacher would have to fear for their job for sharing this is frustratingly infuriating. I couldn’t imagine teaching 12th grade government today without discussing this, as well as the reaction to it.
Senate Bill 12 is going to possibly be passed in Indiana. Our GOP politicians are attempting to limit and ruin education this state.
…………………………………..
Illinois, Indiana on different pages in responding to efforts to ban library books
…Senate Bill 12 would establish a statewide, statutory process for the parent of any student enrolled in a public or charter school to challenge the placement of any school library book at any time for any reason.
Under the plan, the complaint initially would be reviewed by a certified school librarian who must decide that either: the book be removed from the library; the book be restricted to an age-limited section of the library; or the complaint be denied through a written response to the parent.
If the complaint is denied, the parent could appeal first to the school principal, and then to the school board, who each would have the same options of leaving the challenged book on the shelf, restricting it or removing it.
The measure also specifies schools could not make available any book deemed obscene or harmful to minors, which generally comprises material that appeals to a prurient interest in sex and considered as a whole lacks serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value…
https://www.nwitimes.com/news/local/education/illinois-indiana-on-different-pages-in-responding-to-efforts-to-ban-library-books/article_42fb6acf-b8a8-51c2-beb9-d85e26e3920f.html?
utm_medium=social&utm_source=email&utm_campaign=user-share
Carol, what a disgrace. The objection of one parent could cause all students to lose access to a book.