Andrew Tobias writes about the economy and politics. I recently subscribed to his blog. I received a post gushing about Eva Moskowitz’s Success Academy charters, swallowing every claim she makes, and I wrote back to him. He has many links, which I would have to add by hand, so include only Eva’s report.
Here is the exchange:
From Andrew Tobias:
SUCCESS!!!
Next week your kids or grandkids start school, but here is the report card for Success Academy charter schools — #1 in New York State.
With 46 schools and 15,500 students this year, the Success Academy network is now the size of the state’s 7th largest school district. On this year’s state exams, 95% of Success students passed math and 84% passed [English] — making Success #1 for student achievement in New York State.
As long-time readers of this page know, over and over (and over and over): the Success Academy methods work, are replicable, and are free for the taking by any teacher or principal or school board member who wants to give them a try.
Consider this: with an average household income of just $32,191 — versus $291,242 for the kids in Scarsdale and $129,375 for the kids in Chappaqua — and with just 9% of its kids white or Asian versus 86% in Scarsdale and 88% in Chappaqua — the Success Academy public school kids outperformed both the Chappaqua and the Scarsdale kids. Chappaqua and Scarsdale are outstanding school districts, deserving of high praise, ranked near the top in the state. But Success Academy kids did better.
And consider this: of all 2400 public elementary schools in New York State, Success had 14 of the top 30.
Citywide, just 29% of the kids of color (and 61% of the white kids) passed the English test — versus 83% of the kids of color at Success Academy schools. In math, the results were even a little more dramatic.
New York’s 46 Success Academy schools are non-profit, public schools. Students are selected by lottery — not aptitude. With the Success results well known throughout the city’s most disadvantaged neighborhoods, almost every parent signs up for the lottery.
What Success Academy is accomplishing helps not just each student who succeeds (which is to say, almost all of them, and which would be important enough) but it also, thereby — and for all the generations that will follow — breaks the cycle of poverty and despair, of teenage pregnancy and crime, that so drag our society down.
What if all schools adopted variations of the Success methods — or any others that worked — so a lottery were not needed?
Imagine the impact on our nation’s future well-being if almost all her kids succeeded.
I wrote back:
Dear Andrew,
My friend Linda Gottlieb recommended your blog to me and I enjoy it.
However, I was shocked to read your praise for Eva Moskowitz’s charter chain this morning.
It is not replicable. It costs far more than real public schools. It “Succeeds” by attrition and exclusion.
Its schools do not “backfill,” meaning no new students are accepted after third grade, so every succeeding class gets smaller.
The chain does not accept students who don’t speak English or students with serious disabilities. Those students go to public schools.
It has the highest teacher turnover rate of any school in New York City, in some schools, 50-60% of the teachers leave every year. That doesn’t happen in good schools.
Eva M. has her own PAC and uses it to shower money on Cuomo and favored legislators.
Her board includes billionaires like Daniel Loeb, who also gives to the GOP Congress. She has a huge resource advantage over public schools in her neighborhood (http://jerseyjazzman.blogspot.com/2017/08/the-secrets-to-their-success.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+blogspot%2FCqnJA+%28Jersey+Jazzman%29)
I have met with many SA teachers. They tell me they spend most of the year on test prep until the state tests are over. Yet despite these stellar test scores, the graduates of her eighth grade can’t manage to pass the entry exam for Stuyvesant or Bronx Science or the other exam schools. In the first two classes, not a single one passed the citywide exam for the selective high schools. In the third year, only two did. They didn’t prep for those tests.
Eva welcomed Ivanka and Paul Ryan to see her “miracle.” Dan Loeb, the chairman of her board, recently called the state’s top black legislator, Andrea Stewart-Cousins, worse than the KKK because of her opposition to charters. Meanwhile, Loeb supports the group of breakaway Democrats in the State Senate who keep the Republicans in control and able to block all progressive legislation. SUNY told Eva that if Loeb doesn’t step down, she won’t get any more charters.
How could public schools replicate what she does? Who would take the kids who have cerebral palsy? Who would take the kids who don’t speak English? Where would the kids go who are slow learners? Should we throw them all away, as she does?
The NAACP recently released a report critical of charters because of their exclusionary practices and refusal to be held accountable. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/answer-sheet/wp/2017/07/26/naacp-report-charter-schools-not-a-substitute-for-traditional-public-schools-and-many-need-reform/?utm_term=.1e148b0796af
I suggest you do some research before you make such a misguided proposal. If you picked stocks like you pick schools, you would be bankrupt.
Diane Ravitch

I’d be interested to hear Mr. Tobias’ response, if any. Love to hear follow-ups on this.
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Your response was informed and straightforward with a zinger at the end. Nice work! I would love to see any follow-up too.
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I wrote two days ago. He has not responded yet.
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Tobias’ failure to respond places him in the category of shill to the hedge funds. The debt of contractor schools (charter schools) returns 10-18% to Wall Street which may explain why there is so much uninformed advocacy by high visibility writers.
Tobias’ short-sightedness makes him avoid the question of what happens when the inevitable occurs- weaponized philanthropy dollars dry up. Steering Tobias in the right direction… Gates-funded New Schools Venture Funds’ “marching orders…to develop diverse charter school organizations to produce different brands on a large scale.”
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He probably doesn’t know enough to know how to respond. Hopefully he’s open-minded to consider Ravitch’s points.
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Brava Diane! I would be reluctant to debate you, were I on the opposite side of the argument. Thanks.
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Yes, indeed.
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When a school is so data driven with such a toxic atmosphere, we should accept their results with a certain degree of skepticism. I find it hard to believe that Success could outscore some of the highest achieving districts in the state with just test prep and their exclusionary practices. Politico has claimed that some staff members in the school may be cheating to feed the “miracle” narrative of the brand. While we don’t have concrete proof, we do know students take the exams are administered “in house,” and we do know that there are no such “miracles” outside the cocoon of Success Academy.http://www.politico.com/states/new-york/city-hall/story/2016/05/success-academy-documents-point-to-possible-cheating-among-challenges-101595
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They also just “retain” children so they don’t get to testing grades. Some leave and some – with extra years – eventually get to 3rd grade standards.
One reason I despise Eva Moskowitz so much is that she isn’t REALLY interested in helping at-risk kids. She keeps talking about some special curriculum and never mentions retention.
The ONLY time Eva Moskowitz and her PR minions mention “retention” is the very rare times a journalist questions them about why a 2nd grade class has lost nearly 40% of the at-risk boys when that cohort takes 3rd grade exams. Then Success will say “it’s not 40% of the at-risk boys who left because so many of them were retained.” How many? We don’t know.
Retention is only mentioned when she gets challenged on so many missing students. Apparently students get retained A LOT.
Here is the truth: Here is a way to guarantee your older classes have good passing rates. Every child who wins a lottery spot for a spot in 1st grade and older is pre-tested and if they aren’t ALREADY showing the abilities Moskowitz believes are necessary to be in their grade, they are told to join a lower grade to give up their spot.
That means that they can churn through 10 lottery winners for empty 2nd grade spots until they find the child “worthy” of being in that grade. All children whose number comes up before that child’s space get told that they need to repeat a grade — something that also helps to make sure many parents won’t stick around.If the student seems to have real learning issues, the parents can even be told the child has to repeat 2 grades! No one is watching. Success Academy makes its own rules and SUNY says “as long as your test scores are high, our oversight is not necessary and we will ignore all complaints”.
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I would add to what you responded:
Who will take the children who do not learn under the conditions she orchestrates that do not fit the narrow parameters of her behavioral guidelines.
Who will fund her enormous salary in a public school budgetary environment, if indeed a wealthy CEO is a pre-requisite for success?
Ball teams do this all the time. They take the best players, then crow about their winning until the best players come to them. The PR brings in more good players until they do not have to cheat the system, then they get put in the hall of fame. Their behavior helps them, but does it elevate their sport?
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That’s a great analogy. I like to think of Success Academy as the Little League team with the rich dad who wants his athletically gifted kid to be on the winning team but the players are distributed randomly and it is required that all players get equal playing time.
What’s that rich dad to do? He hires a new coach who specializes in humiliating and berating and punishing all the children on the team who are clumsy and have physical handicaps. A few may even thrive under constant humiliation and berating about their laziness but the ones who don’t thrive leave. Because what kind of parent would leave their “struggling to be a good athlete” on a team that is more interested in getting those children off the team than in teaching them skills that will help them get better but not enough to make them desirable players? You would see a shockingly high “voluntary” attrition rate of players from a team that is the top-performing team in the state!
Meanwhile, the rich dad donates money so that the team has lots of extra luxuries that attract players who are good. Free tickets to pro baseball games. Visits from celebrities. Catered meals for their parents. If your child is a superb player, it’s the best thing ever! They can’t understand why anyone would begrudge them their wonderful baseball team. Look how terrific their kid is thriving on the best team in the state!
Ah, but here’s the rub: The people who organize Little League teams want to show the world how wonderful Little League teams are. So they decide not to present honestly what is going on but instead pretend that this team has worked miracles with all players! The organizers give even MORE money to that rich guy’s team — and any team that models itself after that — and takes it from all the teams where the clumsy and physically disabled children are learning skills but “losing” to those “winning” teams. Because obviously, the fact that those teams are WINNING shows that she deserve more money than a losing team.
It’s an ugly system perpetuated by people who should be smart enough to see through the hype.
Obviously Tobias is a fool not to see through it.
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Vivid analogy, NYC public school parent!
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I think another good argument to make is, “Would you enroll your own kids to this school?”
If not, then why not? When the issue becomes one’s own kids, it tends to shift perspectives as to what is important about education. If it is about other peoples’ kids, then it’s easier to be patronizing about how they should be educated.
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Diane, thanks for fighting the good fight. Hopefully this will give Andrew Tobias food for thought and he will rethink the SA success myth. The SA is replicable?! What a cruel joke.
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Hmm, I have about as much experience on Wall Street as Mr. Tobias has teaching in public schools; perhaps I should start touting my stock tips.
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Sounds like Tobias just got “schooled”! His silence is deafening.
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Despite all the cynical political faults with SA, the data on attrition rates is most damning and should be featured and talked about in detail at every opportunity. (which you, Diane, of course do) Attrition is this schools defining feature. Without it, what are they? Why doesn’t the NYTs do some real reporting on this aspect of Success Academy?
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I agree!
The TRUE attrition rate of at-risk children at Success Academy schools has been hidden. Eva Moskowitz will pay millions for every single study in the book except the very straighforward one that could be complete in a few weeks.
Take every single Kindergarten child who wins the lottery. How many of them don’t enroll after attending the 4 pre-enrollment meetings designed to discourage all but the most motivated parents (and perhaps let SA administrators look for children who have special needs whose parents are especially discouraged from enrolling them?
(Note – we know from the just released MDRC study Success Academy paid for that a whopping 50% (!!!) of the parents who win the lottery don’t send their kids to Success. Despite 86% attending the first pre-enrollment meeting. By the 4th meeting, only 50% are left)
From that now weeded out group of Kindergarten enrollees, how many leave before a testing grade?
(Note – we know from a NYC IBO that a group of “network” charter schools that included 5 Success Academy schools had an average attrition rate of 49.5% by 5th grade.)
From that now much smaller group of the original Kindergarten lottery winners who 1. enrolled and 2. are still in Success Academy 4 years later, how many are still in 2nd grade because they have been retained and Success Academy does not believe they deserve to be in the 3rd grade cohort who takes the exam?
There is something truly appalling about the ignorance of people like Tobias who don’t understand basic math when it comes to education.
There is also something truly appalling about Tobias noting that Eva Moskowitz runs the “7th largest” school system in all of NY State but she runs the ONLY school system that can get rid of children at will with absolutely no oversight. She runs the ONLY school system that doesn’t have to pay $100,000 per year private school tuition for the outrageously high number of very young children she claims are so “uneducable” that they belong a special school for uneducable children far away from decent children at Success Academy so therefore she wants the students in NYC public schools to be responsible for paying the expense of $100,000/yr tuition at special private schools for them.
The true absurdity of Tobias claiming that her schools are “replicable” is belied by the fact that Eva Moskowitz herself demanded that SUNY allow her to drop priority for at-risk klds.
According to Andrew Tobias, Eva Moskowitz is so evil that AFTER she discovered this “magic recipe” to turn at-risk children into scholars she decided that she should start marketing to affluent children and change her policies to LIMIT the number of at-risk children in her schools!
Tobias must think Moskowitz is truly evil to do something like that. According to Tobias, Eva Moskowitz has the copyright to produce a limited amount of a magic cure for a dangerous childhood illness, but she decided it was more important to turn away the long wait lists of children with this dangerous illness and instead use 40% of it on children with a common cold instead of the children who would be miraculously saved by her unique discovery.
Moskowitz isn’t evil. She is just greedy and dishonest. She isn’t intentionally wasting her magic cure on children who don’t need it while leaving thousands of children who do need it on wait lists for it.
She KNOWS her magic cure only works on some students and she wants to make sure those are the students in her school. But if she told the truth about that, the right wing billionaires who want her to help undermine public schools would lose their very important talking point.
So she pretends to have something she doesn’t
Moskowitz isn’t the evil person that Andrew Tobias implies she is by his insistence that Moskowitz would intentionally turn away the children who need her magic cure the most to give it to kids who don’t. Moskowitz just knows her magic cure won’t work on those kids and she lies about it. She is dishonest, not evil as Tobias would insist she is with his ridiculous interpretation of the results.
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Excellent reply. Nothing is likely to deter someone who is in Eva’s pocket, not even the facts of the matter.
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And while Andrew Tobias may never respond, the words offered by Diane Ravitch in rebuttal will hopefully be spread widely.
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Two points:
POINT 1) Eva’s (heavily creamed) student body prepares for one particular test, and are drilled for hours each day, and yes, they do well … ON THAT ONE PARTICULAR TEST. (or at least, APPEAR to do well, SEE POINT 2) BELOW for more on that)
Whenever SUCCESS ACADEMY students take a different test, they bomb out. In fact, they were doing so poorly on one — a test that their test prep is not aimed at — that they stopped taking it.
Read Gary Rubenstein’s account here:
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GARY RUBENSTEIN: (CAPS MINE, Jack) “One thing we know is that Success Academy eighth graders have not done well on the specialized high school entrance exam to gain admissions to one of the eight specialized high schools. They have had three cohorts of students take the entrance exam and the first two cohorts had no students gain admission and the third cohort had six students out of two hundred eligible gain admission to one of the eight specialized high schools.
“Last year I checked to see how their students had done on the Regents exams and was unable to find their scores on the public data site. I made some calls to the state, but they said they did not have the scores or know how to get them.
“This year I tried to find their 2016 Regents scores and also had no luck. I speculated that either Success Academy is not reporting their Regents scores or that maybe their students are not taking the Regents.
“After my last post about this, I have learned from two credible sources that SUCCESS ACADEMY STUDENTS STOPPED TAKING THE REGENTS EXAM. So one mystery is solved, but an even bigger one rises to take its place:
“Why don’t Success Academy High School students take the Regents exams?”
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POINT 2) Eva tasked a Success Academy staffer, Roy Germano, to study how and why their students were doing so well ON THAT ONE PARTICULAR TEST.
Germano took months to carry out his study. He concluded — in a detailed report — that, at least in part, their students’ impressive performance was due to … wait for it … cheating.
So what do you think Eva did next?
Leave no stone unturned to find out the truth of the matter?
Root out all cheating teachers and administrators before sundown.
Nahhh, she fired Germano and banned him from the all Success Academy school premises. She then verbally trashed him to his former co-workers at Success Academy.
Yeah, that’s a healthy response to what Germano reported.
http://www.politico.com/states/new-york/city-hall/story/2016/05/success-academy-documents-point-to-possible-cheating-among-challenges-101595
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POLITICO: “Success Academy CEO Eva Moskowitz did not approve of the finding — made by an ‘ethnographer’ she hired to study her rapidly expanding charter school network — that some teachers at the high-performing network might be responding to the enormous pressure placed on them by cheating.
“So Moskowitz, Success’s combative founder, deployed senior managers to inform the staffer, Roy Germano, that he was banned from visiting schools for the remainder of the year. Moskowitz disparaged Germano to other employees, according to a memo written by Germano in July 2015 and obtained by POLITICO New York, and he was told to halt his research projects immediately.
“Germano was fired last August, approximately a month after the report was completed, and is now a research scholar at New York University.”
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I just visited his blog and of course there is no place to leave a comment or to email him. This entry was posted on 8/28, but I also found another from 8/19 in which he states his evangelical support for Success Academy and makes a few comments in some effort to prempt the anti-testing, anti-SA crowd. At least that means he’s had some people contact him about his ridiculous SA cheerleading. I also found his emphasis on the Asian enrollment in those Westchester towns to be racist, but it’s probably useless to expect sensitivity from a finance guy. He also incorrectly claims that students are not picked by aptitude. However, given their attrition, we know that they do select by aptitude, but just not at the outset.
Eva and her minions did not waste any time using the testing results as pr. I’m not a statistician, but it doesn’t seem logical to compare the SA student population of 15K to any other town. What is the student population of Jericho or Scarsdale? Is it more or less than 15K? Any comparison between SA test results (15K) and NYC (1M) is nonsensical, although that doesn’t stop them. (Did anyone else notice the SA pr materials used the word “lifeline” just as our friend Tim did the other day?) Logic definitely goes out the window with this personality cult-driven organization. Maybe some of you who are local saw Eva and her minions’ performance on NY1. It reminded me of Tammy Faye Baker’s routine from years ago. Lindsey Crist really needs to stop covering this nonsense.
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“However, given their attrition, we know that they do select by aptitude, but just not at the outset.”
Actually, it’s ALSO at the outset.
Check out how shows that even supposed “winners” of the lottery have absolutely no guarantee of admittance:
JAYBEE SMALLEY: “My name is Jaybee Smalley. I’m a parent, yes. I have two children with special needs. I have one child who I applied to the Harlem Success Academy through the lottery process to see if she could be… would be accepted.
“When she WAS accepted through the lottery, I reached out to them (Harlem Success Academy) before I attended any sort of a orientation to see if they would be able to accommodate her I.E.P. She has a 12-to-1-to-1 I.E.P. for a year-round program, with four different related services.
“They didn’t respond to me through email at all.. and finally, after the second meeting had come, I called them —- I had a very difficult time getting through to them —- Before I could get the words ’12-to-1-to-1′ out of my mouth, they immediately told me that they would absolutely not be able to accommodate that sort of child in their school.”
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LAWBREAKING? This debate is incomplete without the verbatim language of the NY State Charter Schools Act of 1998. Here are the first few lines at the very beginning:
S 2850 – Short title; purpose
1. This article shall be known and may be cited as the “New York charter schools act of nineteen hundred ninety-eight.”
The purpose of this article is to authorize a system of charter schools to provide opportunities for teachers, parents, and community members to establish and maintain schools that operate independently of existing schools and school districts in order to accomplish the following objectives:
(a) Improve student learning and achievement;
(b) Increase learning opportunities for all students, with special emphasis on expanded learning experiences for students who are at-risk of academic failure;
For the legal eagles out there – could there be ANY interpretation of “special emphasis” or “at-risk students” that allows charters to serve less than half the disabled students or English learners at neighboring schools?
The answer seems to lie in part S2854, 2(a) where it clearly states…
“…that the charter school shall demonstrate good faith efforts to attract and retain a comparable or greater enrollment of students with disabilities, English language learners, and students who are eligible applicants for the free and reduced price lunch program when compared to the enrollment figures for such students in the school district in which the charter school is located.”
And since most NYC charters don’t do this, don’t we have a violation of the law? I’m not a lawyer, but it seems cut and dry. Is it a legal loophole to say charters only need to show “efforts” that they tried recruiting the nigh needs kids, and it doesn’t matter if they fail miserable decade after decade?
Other sections blur the line further, saying authorizers will “prioritize” applicants who focus on at-risk kids instead of saying they can ONLY approve applicants who do so. For example, S2552, section 9-(c) of the law, it says state charter authorizers will prioritize applicants who have plans for:
“(ii)…increasing high school graduation rates and focusing on serving specific high school student populations including, but not limited to, students at risk of not obtaining a high school diploma, re-enrolled
high school drop-outs, and students with academic skills below grade level;
…(vi) partnering with low performing public schools in the area to share best educational practices and innovations”
And again in S2852, 2(d)(ii) it says:
“In reviewing applications, the charter entity is encouraged to give preference to applications that demonstrate the capability to provide comprehensive learning experiences to students identified by the applicants as at risk of academic failure.”
It’s strange — this language bumps up against earlier language that makes serving a fair share of special needs students sound like a non-negotiable. Instead they empower the authorizers to make the call, based on the best applicants. If there are no other charter applicants actually focusing on high needs kids, can they just ignore the requirement and approve those that don’t?
History says yes.
Full text of the law: http://schools.nyc.gov/NR/rdonlyres/BFE40F47-A2B4-4AB6-B551-CEEBFF4EC6B3/109596/new_york_state_charter_schools_act4.pdf
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