Jeff Bryant noted that President Obama has been boasting lately about the success of his education policies, pointing to a rise in high school graduation rates as proof of their efficacy. Bryant says that the President’s education policies are nothing to brag about.
The emphasis on using outcome measures has been a hallmark of the Obama years in education. That has put unusual and often harmful pressure to get results, even when the results are meaningless. Take those rising graduation rates. Some schools have increased their graduation rates by assigning low-performing students to phony credit recovery classes, where they can guess the right answer until they pass and get meaningless credits.
The focus on test scores has warped education, in some cases, causing schools to cut time for recess, the arts, history, civics, and everything else that is not tested.
He writes:
For instance, according to the latest results from the National Assessment of Educational Progress, often called “the nation’s report card,” academic achievement generally is declining under Obama’s watch.
As the Washington Post reported earlier this year, for the first time since the federal government began administering the exams in 1990, math scores for fourth-graders and eighth-graders declined. Reading scores weren’t much better: Eighth-grade scores dropped while fourth-grade performance was stagnant compared with 2013, the last time the test was administered. Achievement gaps between white and minority students remain large.
But the education numbers that have worsened the most are those associated with what’s being invested into the system rather than what’s coming out of it.
Drawing from a new report on government spending on children, Bruce Lesley president of First Focus finds, “Federal support for education has dropped from a high of $74 billion in 2010 to $41 billion in 2015, a decline of more than 40 percent in the last five years … Federal education spending remains 9 percent lower than in pre-recession 2008.”
Beyond the support for education at the federal level, the picture is arguably even worse.
In its most recent report on spending on education, the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities finds, “Thirty-five states provided less overall state funding per student in the 2014 school year (the most recent year available) than in the 2008 school year.” Even in the states where local funding rose, the “increases rarely made up for cuts.”
Local funding for schools, another significant share of education support, generally fell during the same time period. “In 36 states, total state and local funding combined fell between the 2008 and 2014 school years,” the CBPP finds.
This steep decline in education funding is arguably the most significant threat to our children’s education, and thus, the country’s future.
According to a recent review of the research on the systemic correlation between education spending and school quality and student achievement, William Mathis and Kevin Welner, of the National Education Policy Center, find, “While specific results vary from place to place, in general, money does matter and it matters most for economically deprived children. Gains from investing in education are found in test scores, later earnings, and graduation rates.”
In another review of research studies on the importance of adequate and equitable school funding, Rutgers University professor Bruce Baker writes, “To be blunt, money does matter. Schools and districts with more money clearly have greater ability to provide higher quality, broader, and deeper educational opportunities to the children they serve. Furthermore, in the absence of money, or in the aftermath of deep cuts to existing funding, schools are unable to do many of the things they need to do in order to maintain quality educational opportunities.”
What Obama Never Got About Education
Emphasizing education output, while generally leaving input unaddressed, has been a feature, not a bug, of the Obama administration’s education policy all along.
This was the administration whose signature programs, Race to the Top and the waivers to No child Left Behind, demanded states rate schools and teachers based on a “learning output,” which most states took to mean student scores on standardized tests. The president’s Education Department and Secretary Arne Duncan incentivized states to lift any restrictions on the number of charter schools in the system and provided significant grant money to expand their numbers. States were encouraged to spend vast sums of money on new systems to track output data and use them to sort and rank schools, evaluate teachers, label students, and force schools into turnaround efforts that would result in being subjected to even more scrupulous data tracking.
But while the Obama administration obsessed over output numbers, its attention to the inputs in the system was ad hoc and haphazard at best.
Obama’s Education Department never showed much interest in equitable and adequate funding, nor for that matter, in desegregation. The biggest change induced by Race to the Top was more funding for privatization, and more states authorizing privatization in order to be eligible for RTTT money. Imagine if Race to the Top had awarded millions to states that created policies to promote desegregation. It is important, it is measurable. It would have changed our schools and our society. But desegregation was not a priority.
And then there are his choices for Secretary of Education. Arne Duncan was a failure as Superintendent in Chicago, where he promised that there would be a Renaissance by 2010 (the name of his program, “Renaissance 2010”). He failed. He closed schools, he opened charter schools. He failed. And then came John King, who had been an embarrassing failure in New York state. He couldn’t speak to parents, because they were so angry about his heavy-handed promotion of Common Core and high-stakes testing. Governor Cuomo wanted him gone. And now he is Secretary of Education. Based on what?
Nothing to brag about here.
An object lesson in what not to do to improve American education.
They don’t get it, Diane. They’re convinced everyone in the country is as opposed to public schools as they are. It’s an echo chamber.
This is why they think they’re losing in Massachusetts:
http://www.usnews.com/opinion/knowledge-bank/articles/2016-11-02/blame-reformers-if-massachusetts-charter-school-ballot-question-fails
Because they haven’t offered middle class parents ENOUGH charter schools.
There is simply no room in the ed reform “movement” debate for public schools having any value AT ALL and Obama chose to surround himself with members of this “movement”.
They offer absolutely nothing positive to parents and kids in public schools. Nothing. Nada. That would be okay except they run on improving public schools!
It’s ludicrous. We have a huge group of public employees at the state and federal level who are ideologically opposed to the schools 90% of US children attend. That’s a big problem! It shows in their work! They’re so far into this echo chamber they live in they don’t even see it. Check out any ed reform site- hell, half of them are run by Obama alums. Look for a positive mention of a US public school- you will not find it.
“The ed reform movement” consists of a list of the deficits in US public schools and charter and voucher cheerleading. That’s it. That’s the whole thing.
It’s no accident that the only time public school parents engaged at all with these people is when they put in the Common Core test. That’s the only reason we’re aware they exist at all. Charters, vouchers and measurement systems. 8 solid years of it.
Chiara,
Maybe I am a foolish optimist, but I believe that their continuing failure in whatever they impose, will catch up to them. The rebuff by the NAACP was a huge blow to the “reformers,” who have the vainglorious belief that they are civil rights warriors, when they are in fact pushing privatization on an important democratic institution. The big money behind it is acting rationally; they would rather throw a few million into a referendum for charters than pay their fair share of taxes. Imagine taxing billionaires at a higher rate than the middle class! Now, that would hurt. Better to keep the public focused on charters. But as in the TN ASD, the truth will out. They accomplish nothing. Has the achievement gap closed in New Orleans? No one makes that claim. They have no evidence of success anywhere. All they have is anecdotes.
An unusual word, vainglorious, and I don’t think I’ve ever seen it used in such perfect definition.
ciedie, this must be a good day for me. I used the word “splendiferous” to thank friends for a great dinner last night, and they thanked me for the word. Must be my vitamin B12.
well, when the splendiferous shoe fits 🙂
Obama has been horrible, absolutely despicable on education, no different than Bush and maybe worse. If not for all the billionaires, the reform movement would be nowhere, there would be no charter cheerleading or vainglorious voucher vaunting.
Obama’s education policies have been misguided. His administration has focused on testing and punishment for public education, and the promotion of privatization. Instead of supporting educators, his policies scapegoated teachers for all the problems associated with poverty. His whole mindset created a “trickle down” of disinvestment in public education which is why “in 36 states, total state and local funding combined fell between the 2008 and 2014 school years,”
His administration will be known as a missed opportunity and failed privatization. He could have valued public education and worked to redress funding inequities in districts. He could have implemented policies to promote community schools and integration. Instead, he invested little in input and spent his efforts measuring output and blaming public schools.
As far as I’m concerned the Obama Administration has a duty to put their ideological and personal preferences aside and work on behalf of public schools with the same zeal they work on behalf of expanding charter schools.
I don’t really care if they prefer charter schools. No one hired them to privatize public schools.
I totally agree. It disgusts me that public policymakers feel they have the right to bash public employees and the work they do. Nobody elected them to undermine public education. Not only does it seem somewhat unpatriotic, but with teaching it also seems mysogynistic.
It’s an echo chamber.
This is the Walton Family org on K-12 schools:
https://twitter.com/WFFMarc
100% negative on public schools, 100% positive on charter schools.
The federal government should NOT have adopted that position but under Obama, they did.
I mean, come on. We’re all supposed to pay for this charter school marketing campaign they’re running out of DC?
This has been a tremendous tragedy. I, for one, will NEVER forget the letter-writing campaign as promoted in your blog, & how the letter-writers were answered: vapid form letters from presidential aides (which is exactly what I suspected would happen).
This may seem off-the-cuff, but I was watching the Mark Twain Prize (to Bill Murray) last week, & they showed a film clip from one of my all-time favorite movies, Meatballs, where Murray’s character is leading campers & camp staff in a cheer, “It just doesn’t matter! It just doesn’t matter!”
Sort of the way Obama & Arne handled education issues in America.
As aforementioned…tragic.
Oh–& this is off-thread–but November is National Native American Heritage Month.
Google it, & you will see an article about President Obama’s proclamation, & a picture of him regaled in Native American dress.
And yet, the tragedy at Standing Rock (Water Protectors being pepper-sprayed, bitten by dogs & having their tents/homes set on fire by police in full armor, with tank-like vehicles, to boot)–Native Americans fighting off the Dakota Access Pipeline–continues.
Obama Administration=friends & supporters of Corporate Greed.
All anyone has to do to see the failure of Obama and Duncan in education is look to Chicago. How many schools were closed in one fell swoop – is it 50? Take it a step further – violence in Chicago is at an all time high.
Yet, Obama and Duncan SAY they have succeeded in making life easier for impoverished people of any/all colors. I’m sick to death of the black/brown/yellow, poor white distinctions. If you’re living in poverty, it matters not your color. If Obama’s agenda is to get impoverished kids into college – good luck with that – the kids, their parent(s), can’t afford the tuition, or the loan/debt. Charters that teach how to be a silent “scholar” and fill in bubbles teach kids zero and prepare them for nothing.
I don’t know the answer, but back in the day there were not only vocational options in high school, there were work programs. If Johnny isn’t going to college, perhaps he can be a car mechanic, or a plumber. Perhaps Jane can be a dental hygienist or hair dresser – I don’t know about you, but unless you go to Supercuts for $15, getting a hair cut costs about $40 bucks and ladies drop $50 a pop or more for a mani/pedi. Take your dog to the groomer lately? For a six week course, you can groom dogs for up to $100 a piece. That is good business to me.
Obama has been dismal on public education, and a cheerleader for charters and TFA. Shame on him. He sold out to the highest bidder and did nothing to help “his brothers and sisters” who never saw the knife coming.
I’ve long wondered why the Democrats are so beholden to the reformer agenda. Clearly, Obama is and despite his tremendous capacity to look deeply into issues, he hasn’t turned his mind seriously to education – but simply taken the reformer ideas.
Looking at the total party, I think that reformers won the Democratic party with the myth that education reform would fix schools for the poor. After all, in today’s political climate, there’s no way the Democrats can pass anything directly to do that.
Then, until the recent NAACP decision, there was a unified front among traditional democratic supporting organizations – all telling the Dems (in unison) that reform would help the poor and help solve racial issues.
Oh. Then Teddy Kennedy worked with Bush on NCLB and died. So education reform because a “Teddy Kennedy Legacy” – what Democrat could oppose that? (well, a lot. But they didn’t.)
And, then, the big investors in ed reform (Philanthro-capitalists) built a walled garden around the Democrats. At one point I read that someone in the US department of education called Bill Gates “the secretary” meaning a cabinet level player. https://dianeravitch.net/2016/10/13/doug-garner-the-brilliant-strategy-of-the-philanthrocapitalists-the-echo-chamber/
And, then, the loudest, most obnoxious, and conversation dominating opposition to Common Core appeared – from the radical right. And while I appreciate that they’ve helped us fight some things back, their arguments are so irrational that it let Democratic politicians assume anyone who opposed ed reform was “crazy right”.
Truth is, in working with my reps in Oregon, it’s nearly impossible to get them to engage in honest discussion – they see the matter as settled. And they lump me with the crazy right for opposing these things.
That’s been similar in other discussions with politicians around the country.
What it all means? Having been a Democrat all my life, I’ve become a highly frustrated one – since Obama and the party simply can’t think clearly on education.
Just remember what Eli Broad said (as I recall): “With the [2008] election of Barrack Obama, our stars have aligned.”
Thanks Diane!
Perhaps the DOE’s policies are really no different that those of a more rural America in a simpler time when most people saw little reason to educate their children beyond the most basic of skills. Education was only as valuable as the skills it provided that would immediately impact their economic welfare. Art, music, literature, history, philosophy… what was the value? Along with the ability to read nonfiction text, STEM seems to be the focus of education. Makes for good human capital. The rest just interferes with the efficient production of widgets capable of driving the economic engine. For some reason, though this model of efficiency has never applied to those who would consider themselves the elite members of society.
I read an article from Jacobin (thanks to Naked Capitalism) that describes the roots of all of the thinking that led to privatization… and it’s the naive belief that market forces will ultimately solve all of the social problems that face our country. Unfortunately, like her Republican counterparts who overlook all adverse information on climate change or trickle down economics, Ms. Clinton continues to have faith in “market forces” as the best means for addressing social issues…. and eventually that is going to mean that corporations who are eager to line their pockets and present themselves as good citizens will continue to take advantage of programs like New Markets Tax Credits… and one way they will be able to do that is by investing in deregulated for profit schools that will help take young and innocent children out of “failing public schools”.
http://wp.me/p25b7q-1Ch