Thanks to Leonie Haimson for sending along this paper. The “academy” concept began under a Conservative government that believed private enterprise was infinitely wiser than public anything. Corporations and wealthy individuals were encouraged to “buy” control of schools by putting up a large sum. Things seem to going swimmingly for the idea. This is a small excerpt. When I was part of the Koret Task Force at the rightwing Hoover Institution, we journeyed to England as a group to learn about this example of privatization in action.
The paper contains a valuable review of “related party transactions,” that is, financial self-dealing in the private entities that receive public funding in the U.S. and Great Britain.
Charter Schools, Academy Schools, and Related-Party Transactions: Same Scams, Different Countries
Preston C. Green III and Chelsea E. Connery
Academies were first introduced in 2000 as the City Academy Program. 34 City academies were to
replace locally run schools in urban areas that were deemed to be failing by the school inspection
body Ofsted, or that were underachieving. The Education Act 2002 permitted academies to open
outside of urban areas.
Eight years later, Parliament enacted the Academies Act 2010. This statute extended the academy
option, until then limited to struggling schools, to include successful schools at both the primary
and secondary levels. The government financed conversion costs and provided considerable
financial incentives to encourage schools to convert. The number of academies increased
dramatically as a result of these policy changes. In 2010, there were 203 academies throughout
England, all of them serving secondary schools with high proportions of disadvantaged students.40
As of September 2018, there were 8,177 academies, constituting 36% of England’s state funded
schools. About 66% of England’s secondary schools and 30% of its primary schools have achieved
academy status.





