Gary Smith, the Fletcher Jones professor of economics at Pomona College in California, has solved the financial problems of higher education with a Swiftian “modest proposal.” Read it.
Two imminent threats to higher education are bloated bureaucracies and clever chatbots. Herewith, I humbly propose a straightforward way to solve both problems.
I will use Pomona College, where I have taught for decades, as a specific example of how easily my proposal might be implemented. In 1990, Pomona had 1,487 students, 180 tenured and tenure-track professors, and 56 administrators — deans, associate deans, assistant deans and the like, not counting clerical staff, cleaners and so on. As of 2022, the most recent year for which I have data, the number of students had increased 17 percent, to 1,740, while the number of professors had fallen to 175. The number of administrators had increased to 310, an average of 7.93 new administrators per year. Even for a college as rich as Pomona, this insatiable demand for administrators will eventually cause a budget squeeze. Happily, there is a simple solution.
Pomona’s professor-administrator ratio has plummeted from 3.21 to 0.56. A linear extrapolation of this trend gives a professor-administrator ratio of zero within this decade. This trend can be accelerated by not replacing retiring or departing professors and by offering generous incentives for voluntary departures. To maintain its current 9.94 student-faculty ratio, the college need only admit fewer students each year as the size of its faculty withers away. A notable side effect would be a boost in Pomona’s U.S. News & World Report rankings as its admissions rate approaches zero.
And just like that, the college would be rid of two nuisances at once. Administrators could do what administrators do — hold meetings, codify rules, debate policy, give and attend workshops, and organize social events — without having to deal with whiny students and grumpy professors.
The college could continue to be called a college, since the Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines “college” as “an institution offering instruction usually in a professional, vocational, or technical field.” There would just be a shift in focus from young students looking to delay entering the job market to administrators looking to build their résumés as they move up the administrator ladder.
Colleges do not need traditional students or professors. In fact, these are generally a drain on resources in that student revenue does not cover faculty salaries. The elimination of professors and students would greatly improve most colleges’ financial position.
In general, administrators are paid for by a college or university’s endowment. As of December, Pomona’s endowment was $2.8 billion. The annual payout from its endowment is set at between 4.5 and 5.5 percent of the average value of the endowment over the preceding five years. A 5 percent payout would provide each of 310 administrators an annual allotment of $450,000, which would easily provide generous compensation, a wide variety of benefits, and frequent travel to conferences and workshops worldwide.
There would continue to be some expenses for clerical staff, cleaners and so on, but renting out the now-empty dormitory apartments and selling the now-empty classrooms to private businesses and government agencies would almost certainly not only cover these expenses but also add to the endowment and allow the hiring of additional administrators.
The college might slightly modify its mission statement, which currently begins: “Throughout its history, Pomona College has educated students of exceptional promise.” An updated mission statement might begin: “Pomona College is dedicated to sustaining and advancing the careers of administrators of exceptional promise.”
Obviously, each institution of higher learning would use its own endowment, properties and other assets to determine the equilibrium number of administrators that could be supported.
If all colleges and universities follow my suggestion, there will be a small problem in that college students will no longer have colleges to go to. This is easily resolved by tapping the second existential threat to higher education — ChatGPT and other chatbots. All higher-education courses could be done online via bots with no need for expensive classrooms, dorm rooms and other physical facilities.
Instead of paying college costs currently approaching $100,000 a year, students could earn their degrees conveniently and inexpensively from the comfort of their own homes. Moreover, they would be given access to bots that they can use to take tests and write any essays required by the instructor bots. The students’ test answers would no doubt be perfect, and their essays would be persuasive and error-free, which would allow all students to be given A grades without having to disrupt their lives by attending classes, listening to lectures or reading. Win-win.
College and universities would be places for administrators to advance their careers. Education would be student bots interacting with instructor bots.
Everything will be for the best in this best of all possible worlds.

Finally, some real solutions!!!
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Inspired by Dr. Smith’s proposal, I would like to suggest that we eliminate the need for expensive federal oversight of water quality by draining all waterways in the United States. Sure, it’s costly up front, but down the line. . . .
And now let’s talk about sweeping our forests.
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“Pomona’s professor-administrator ratio has plummeted from 3.21 to 0.56.”
Is that true? If so that is insane.
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It’s not insane if one is an adminimal.
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Chatbots learn, you want the bot to sound like an FDR Fireside chat, done … maybe one in the White House in a decade or so …
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Again, large language models are based upon prediction based in turn upon consuming large volumes of text from the Internet, most of which is garbage and the opposite of scholarly. It’s a fundamental problem with the model.
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It’s important to keep in mind how chatbots based on large-language models work. They simply PREDICT what the next phrase is most likely going to be based upon similarity of the preceding language to language encountered on the internet. The most frequently occurring next language is what gets plopped into place. This is key. So, these models are based upon regurgitating mediocrity–what one is most likely to find in that large language corpus that is the internet. So, the output from these chatbots often repeats widespread misconceptions.
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It’s been happening in most universities. Gail Greene writes about this in her outstanding book Immeasurable Outcomes: Teaching Shakespeare in the Age of the Algorithm
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This is one of several reasons why college is so insanely expensive
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Exactly so, Flerp. And a lot of these people are engaged in micromanaging professors.
We built the greatest economy that the world has ever seen based on a model in which professors had enormous autonomy and little administrative and state oversight. Why? Well, under conditions of autonomy, people do their best work.
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Bob,
Do you think our K-12 schools flourished when decisions were left to the teachers and principal?
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Absolutely!!!! The top-down micromanagement of U.S. K-12 education was the beginning of the end. PEOPLE DO NOT DO THEIR BEST WORK IN CLIMATES OF FEAR AND LOW AUTONOMY.
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This is the secret sauce of education. Thirty years ago, as Tennessee was having one of those arguments about teachers not receiving enough to live on, I pointed out that there does not exist adequate taxation to pay teachers what they are worth. You could pay a good teacher like a plastic surgeon, and they would still earn about ten bucks an hour. So how do I propose to attract teachers?
Autonomy. Smart people value intellectual autonomy.
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Yes
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I just scheduled an emergency appointment with my eye doctor because I’m seeing things on my computer screen that can’t possibly have been written and posted online by Diane Ravitch. I’m seeing a posting that is implied criticism of people in her tribe: the college-industrial complex. Left-wing college bureaucrats hire ever more useless left-wing bureaucrats, the costs of which are paid by students, their parents, and taxpayers.
No way, no how can Ms. Ravitch have actually posted such criticism. I’m on my way now to the doctor.
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Where did you come by the preposterous idea that educational administrators are “left-wing”? Or, for that matter, that Diane Ravitch is “left-wing”?
Good luck at the eye doctor.
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How long have you been reading these “academic” posts? My laugh of the week!!
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Mark,
Do you even live on Earth. That college administrators are almost monolithically left-wing has been well-documented for 20+ years.
https://www.newsweek.com/how-did-universities-get-so-woke-look-administrators-opinion-1635078#:~:text=In%20fact%2C%20college%20administrators%20are%20the%20most,left-leaning%20group%20on%20campus%2C%20according%20to%20surveys.
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The main post is about bloated administrative staffs, not about the politics of administrators. So, yours is not an eye problem; it’s a reading problem.
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Are you that slow that you didn’t pick up on my sarcasm? Administrative staff is so bloated because the administrators are trying to enforce an ideological agenda on professors, students, and everyone else connected with acvademia. DEI, etc.
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I know that that’s what you think, but the stats are otherwise. Most of these people have duties related to a) programs and b) evaluation.
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I have never worked in administration so I don’t know much about why it grew. A large share, I am guessing, is involved in oversight of federal and state funds and programs, also fundraising.
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You seem to have a right-wing memosphere notion of what college administrators actually do. As I said, A LOT of the growth in recent years has been in administrators responsible for handling evaluation of professors and programs in keeping with various egregious, wasteful, time-consuming, and academic freedom-stifling government mandates. Reichwingers seem to think that all administrators do is sit around dreaming up ways to turn the student body Marxist and transgender. ROLMAO!!!! Idiotic. Here, a sampling of what college administrators actually do:
Academic Affairs: This includes roles such as Provost, Dean, Department Chair, and Academic Advisor. They focus on curriculum development, faculty appointments, and academic policy.
Student Affairs: Positions like Dean of Students, Director of Student Life, and Residence Hall Manager fall under this category. They manage student activities, housing, and campus life.
Business and Financial Services: This category includes the Bursar, Chief Financial Officer, and Budget Analysts, who handle the financial aspects of the institution.
Admissions and Enrollment: Admissions Directors, Enrollment Managers, and Registrars work here, focusing on student recruitment, admissions processes, and maintaining student records.
Development and Fundraising: Roles such as Development Officer and Alumni Relations Coordinator work on fundraising campaigns and maintaining relationships with alumni.
Facilities Management: This includes positions like Director of Facilities and Campus Safety Officer, responsible for the physical upkeep of the campus and safety of students and staff.
Human Resources: HR Directors and Staffing Coordinators manage employment, benefits, and staff development.
Information Technology: IT Managers, Network Administrators, and Support Specialists ensure the technological infrastructure is up-to-date and running smoothly.
Research Administration: This includes roles like Research Coordinator and Institutional Review Board Manager, overseeing research projects and compliance with regulations.
Public Relations and Marketing: PR Directors and Marketing Managers handle the institution’s image, outreach, and communication strategies.
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Having recently been a father of an impending freshman at a state university, I can attest to the fact of much of the administration being focused on recruitment of able students. In addition to the professors courting my daughter and plugging their programs, there was in every place we visited a cadre of administrative staff doing the complex work of finding you some money, taking you around to see the place, and keeping up with prospective students when they go other places to look.
There is a declining age-group of college students, so they are fighting over the good ones.
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Mark Jackson: ””No way, no how can Ms. Ravitch have actually posted such criticism” . . . of her “tribe.”
Well, . . . . that’s what one gets when one thinks in stereotypes. CBK
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Yup. If, that is, one can call it thinking.
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Heather Cox Richardson has a good post today on campus demonstrations, but here’s a quote from one of the comments that speaks to Pomona:
We know that the GOP serves the billionaires; that’s why they’ve proposed investigations into the protests; that and it’s a terrific distraction from Trump on trial. I mean, we know how interested Jim Jordan, James Comer, Stefanik, and Mike Johnson are to move past their failures to impeach Mayorkas, or find crimes committed by Hunter, or Joe Biden while protecting the integrity of higher education, right?
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We need to peel back the layers of this “onion” for higher education.
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If we have learned anything from the fallacy of VAM, it is that calculations made by an economist generating data based on various, often erroneous, assumptions are highly suspect. The world is simply not always as simplistic as they would like us to believe.
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While the Prof is joking Chatbots can replace professors who follow the “sage on a stage” model. In my experience too many professors rarely engage with students… administrators can easily be combined, their primary duty is protecting their domain, and, eliminating legacy admissions eliminates overly influential alumni … we can finally concentrate on the actual goal, attracting successful athletes through Name/Image/Likeness funding
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I hear you. But I benefitted enormously from a lot of sage on the stage professors. What these people–these professors in their auditoriums–knew and shared COULD NOT and CANNOT be gotten from ChatGPT and its ilk. Large-language models base their responses on mediocrity–literally on what is most commonly said–and that lowest common denominator stuff is the opposite of scholarly opinion.
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From the earliest days of formalized instruction down to this day (in rational parts of the world), people who knew things have stood in front of people who didn’t know those things and shared them. The handoff of knowledge. The transmission of the most important knowledge from one generation to the next. That’s really, really important. Let me share a story: A few years ago, a very bright daughter of a woman whom I was dating (the daughter just graduated from Chicago Law) was in her sophomore year in college. I asked her how she was liking the college experience. Here’s what she said: “It’s amazing. All through high-school, we sat around in a circle and bullshitted with other kids. Now, finally, there is actually someone who knows something who actually teaches us what he or she knows. So, finally, I am actually learning something in school.”
This is what comes of devaluing the sage–of replacing knowledge-based learning with supposed “building of skills.” We get millions of students who routinely leave their classrooms not having learned a single thing that they didn’t know before entering them. If you scratch actual skill, what you find is knowledge. The skill of planing of piece of wood requires knowledge of how sharpening tools and techniques, of the proper setting of a plane, of wood grain, of types of wood. U.S. education took a huge veer off a freaking cliff when it started pooh-poohing knowledge-based education and started having kids sit in circles and bullshit with one another for an hour–when that became what was taught in Methods classes in college.
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No. I do not want to hear what some other student who can barely read the label on a can of Cream of Chicken Soup thinks about “Ode to a Nightingale.” I want to have a professor who is a freaking expert at reading Romantic poetry and Keats in particular walk me through it line by line, explaining along the way, his or her reading of the piece and scholarship regarding it. I want that top-of-the-game capability demonstrated. I want to be able to (privileged to) witness that, to be able, then, to emulate it because I have seen how it is really done. I want William Empson on the stage being a sage because then I will not be freaking wasting my time in that class with Chicken Soup guy. And I want to be able to stop him from time to time and say, “Sorry. I didn’t quite get that.”
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I agree with you about the importance of knowledge. Most of your left-wing tribalists don’t.
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I have often thought, Mark, about writing a shortish book about how the devaluation of knowledge and of the “sage” metastasized throughout U.S. K-12 education. It’s an interesting and utterly TRAGIC story. Education off the rails.
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Bob, I would buy a copy of your book about the “sage on the stage” vs. “the guide on the side.”
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It’s time for the adults in the room to start being the adults in the room again. Otherwise, we are lost. India and China will eat our breakfast, lunch, and dinner and rightfully so.
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I have always believed in the importance of knowledge. Bob Shepherd and I converged in support of E.D. Hirschs ideas about Core Knowledge.
As for left wing tribalists, I don’t know any.
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A further response is in moderation.
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“And I want to be able to stop him from time to time and say, “Sorry. I didn’t quite get that.””
This is the essential element of teaching. Sometimes students are afraid to speak up and appear unprepared or ignorant. College professors often act like they want to crush such statements. Good profs encourage this. Naturally, I have a story….
My good friend Fairley Monroe (real name) told of a professor he had in a math class who wrote a book based on a particular theorem. When they got to the theorem in their math class, he was deriving the theorm on the chalk board and a student spoke up, saying that he did not see how they got from one step to another. Three days later, the professor had led the class from one thing to another without arriving at the proper place. They had to give up in order to go on.
That is how learning takes place.
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The phrase “Sage on the Stage” is a distraction from what actually takes place when knowledgeable, educated folks seek to share that knowledge and teach the ability to enlarge on their own and reach new conclusions from it. Often it does look like a lecture or a directed walk through a piece of literature, as Bob describes. Other times it is a long session over coffee. Any way you slice it, relationships between people who have a brain and have used it and their younger brethren (and sisteren) run the advancement of society.
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Roy: When I hear “sage on the stage,” I think the person saying it is probably, at best, is singing to the real value of interactive conversations, but who doesn’t know anything about the also real value of paying attention to what can occur when a professional puts in the work to develop a syllabus and prepare condensed lecture material to deliver in a different kind of learning situation.
There is THAT oversight and one-size-fits- all thinking; but then there is the vacuous mind who, if not just short-sighted and impatient, has no idea what happens when real questions arise, or that one can undergo qualitative change through a more self-directive kind of learning, and that it’s not a purely social experience.
I went through all of my K-12 public school experience in California and no one told me that. I had to wait until after 30 to understand what’s going on when one is undergoing educational experiences. CBK
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Bob and Diane: I started college in my early 30’s. One of the first things I learned was how little other students knew (or cared to know) and how much I learned from professors who brought briefcases into the room and leaned on a podium to teach us about their life interests, e.g., history, literature, philosophy, the social sciences, . . .
The closest thing I have come to the experience since then is reading the New York Review of Books. There, you get professional writers writing about books they have actually read and where their subject matter is their lifetime interest, which means you get the benefit that flows from someone who has long-immersed themselves in the “deep background” of the contents of the books they are reviewing–and BTW whose writing itself is commonly a banquet of inspiration, regardless of what they are writing about.
Then there’s C-Span’s BookTV discussions and forums with authors.
I remember an incident, after I went to the other side of the podium and began teaching where, in the discussion period, one student said to me . . . “. . . You’re just trying to get us to learn something.” My guess is that they’d rather just sit around and chat about soup with the other soup heads in the class. (Is Mark listening? How about it, Mark, you want some soup?) CBK
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Your experience parallels my own. I went to a typical state university filled with people who seemed to be more interested in frivolity than learning. Raised to value learning, I felt alienated from classes filled with students who, given the opportunity, would have accepted a degree without qaining anything. Conversations about mundane topics usually took over. I almost quit college, but was saved by the Honors college, where students focused their minds on more interesting topics.
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Amen
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