A group of New York City teachers argue in The New York Daily News that the best way to restart the schools, especially for young children, is to hold classes outdoors. They do not address the problems of rain and freezing weather.
Liat Olenick, Darcy Whittwmore, and Heather Costanza see many virtues in outdoor learning.
Holding classes indoors in a city with over one million students, they write, will create dangerous and unhealthy conditions. Why not grab this opportunity for creative solutions?
Move the younger children outdoors, they say, while keeping high school students online.
Outdoor learning is a tried and tested fit for early childhood. There are all-day outdoor kindergartens in wintery Maine and Vermont, in which children dress for the weather and learn outside nearly every day. Vaunted models of early childhood education like Reggio-Emilia emphasize outdoor exploration because ages 4-8 comprise the crucial stage in which multisensory, interactive learning is essential for children’s cognitive growth. Outdoor learning offers children authentic, stimulating experiences that foster skills like creative problem solving, independence, flexibility and resiliency as they form a deep connection to the natural world. Learning outdoors also offers possibilities for culturally responsive, place-based learning, giving students hands-on, meaningful opportunities to engage and connect with their communities.
In the context of COVID, outdoor learning becomes even more appealing. Elementary students are more likely to live near school, making finding a space that works for families without needing public transit more feasible.
And per current guidelines, the requirements of indoor learning — sitting six feet apart, no contact, no sharing materials, and staying in one enclosed space for hours on end — are not developmentally appropriate for young children.
If we move outdoors, kids will have room to be kids without fear of punishment or infecting someone they love. Given the ongoing criminalization of students of color in schools, we fear the consequences of imposing new, high stakes social-distancing rules on all, but particularly on our youngest students.
We have the space to make outdoor learning work. New York City is home to 28,000 acres of public parkland, more than 1,100 school and community gardens, plus schoolyards, rooftops, cemeteries, beaches, private outdoor space and even parking lots or closeable neighborhood streets which could be spruced up with benches and planters.
These investments in public space might even foster greater equity in our city; experiences in nature are essential for children’s mental health, but green space is often concentrated in wealthier, whiter neighborhoods.
Transforming our streets and playgrounds into possibility-rich outdoor classrooms could be a way to equalize access to nature at a time when many outdoor programs serving children of color have been shuttered.
Outdoor learning will not be perfect. It will require support from schools, parks, neighborhood institutions and families to plan for site-specific challenges. But compare that with our other two options: Fully remote learning, which means zero childcare for caregivers and especially fails our young students, or a blended, classroom model for 1.1 million students that is likely to put our most vulnerable communities in grave danger.
This is our clarion call. We hope it spurs intrepid leaders to consider outdoor learning as a viable option for all of our youngest students during COVID and beyond. Organizations around the country, including New York private schools, are already developing proposals to take learning outside. With a little imagination and support from our city, we could make it happen here — not just for the privileged few, but for all.
Olenick, Whittemore and Costanza are public elementary school teachers in Brooklyn.
My biggest concerns with being off-campus are security, health safety and communication. If you’ve ever taught at a summer camp or taken hundreds of students off campus for a field trip, you know the caveats of being outside of a physical central home base. It’s one thing to have an outdoor space adjacent to the main building, but it’s another to be away from “home.” I do like the idea of temporary mobile schools, however.
Don’t wish for those. I teach in 9ne. 975 square feet. 40 students. It’s all metal, so it heats up horribly on hot and even mild days. And freezing on really cold days. I’ve had kids and myself stung by wasps that congregate around the door. I’ve had so much ice fall off the roof that I couldn’t even open the door. Air recirculated again and again. These are NOT good options.
I almost forgot. Stairs up to the building, so completely inaccessible for kids with temporary or permanent mobility issues. I had to move for six weeks into empty classrooms (teachers on prep periods) because one of my students slipped on the ice coming from one of these outside classrooms and broke her leg. My administration’s idea was to have kids carry her into my room. I refused and made arrangements to use classrooms where teachers had prep so that she could be in class.
I don’t wish for those. It’s horrible to expect anyone to teach in poor conditions, and I don’t envy anyone in that situation. I also feel like classroom environment counts for so much. If someone isn’t afforded a usable space, it weakens the experience for everyone. I taught music on a cart for the better part of a year and it was plain awful, but I cannot imagine teaching in a portable with so many weather and other safety concerns.
My point is that there are far too many concerns being off-campus. It makes sense if there is outdoor space available adjacent to the building, weather-permitting, but the surrounding issues of being in parks and other spaces that are not on school property are far too many for compliance.
What will be the point of lining up against the wall of a tent for a school shooter drill??Maybe we just won’t need school shooter drills anymore.
Good idea.
Drive-by shooting, meet school shooting.
When I taught at Jamestown with another teacher in a one-room mountain schoolhouse, the outdoors was one of our school rooms. We did a lot of leaning outdoors, even in the winter months.
I understand it was easy for we 2 teachers to do so, for this school is in a mountain community of at the time 200 residents. It was glorious to teach in this environment. Now this mountain community’s population is 300.
There were no wealthy families in this community and the kids went to this school their entire elementary school years.
Like I wrote, “It was glorious.”
I hope teachers are able to use the outdoors as their classrooms for certain learning activities… for there are many.
This is a wonderful idea. As are so many others that teachers and principals have suggested seen in blogs and articles. So.. let the schools figure it out!
Of course there are pitfalls, challenges, and the expected, “yeh, but what about x and what about y?”
The point is WHY this is a wonderful idea. It comes from teachers. Other good ideas come from principals and school councils (and yes there are some innovative folks in central offices and union offices who were once those innovators).
Substantive change happens in schools, not districts or states or countries. Districts pass policy and states and counties pass laws (and control budgets). (Conversely, identify the most prestigious of districts and you will find schools not doing so well). This is why “Community schools” – one-stop location for all services in a school guided by parent and teacher councils and a solid educator principal-teacher work.
The point – LET THE SCHOOLS FIGURE IT OUT. Let a group of schools figure it out. Pass laws for safety and send money. Set policy with guidelines for EQUITY, consistency, and safety. And then give the schools the funds, the time, and flexibility to make it work.
There are churches, community centers, floors of community college classrooms, heck, even malls sitting empty. There are college kids taking gap years or getting credits off campus who can be screened (health AND safety to be online and with kids) eager to tutor an supervise. There are community agencies already in the schools ready to provide services. And similarly for before and after school care.
Enlist them all – people and places.
Let the legal folks focus on safety guidelines and liability. Let the policy people focus on what can make things work and change regulations where needed. And then let teachers and school plan for their kids and settings.
AND – if you are still reading – don’t let this go the way of the original concept of charter schools.
I can see the billionaire boys swooping in on this setting up their tents literally and figurative to make a profit off the pandemic.
Great idea…in theory. I live in a rural, high poverty area. Who is going to provide winter gear for all students, are we getting rid of required inappropriate learning expectations/practices?
“Let the legal folks focus on safety guidelines and liability. Let the policy people focus on what can make things work and change regulations where needed. And then let teachers and school plan for their kids and settings.”
And how long are you expecting this to take?????????
🙂
When the weather gets nice my college students beg to meet outdoors.
They’ve even carried desks outside during fire drills so that they can finish exams. (Like Mary Bennett’s coughs, they are often ill timed). My college has portable tents and flooring that are used for outdoor events. It could work at least through October.
A fascinating idea. As for potential shootings, if we can have police at churches, why not at outdoor classes? Unusual times require creative thinking.
Hello all,
This kind of thing drives me crazy. Yeah! Let’s just pop a tent and get teachers and students in there and all will be well! NO!!! If we were really going to do this, we have to sit down and THINK and PLAN the logistics of HOW this will happen. Are we going to just throw out all of the safety measures that are now being taken in schools?? If we are going to have some safety measures, what will they be and how will we implement them??? HOW are teachers going to teach in this environment??? Will they be able to use computers?? Where is the WIFI? What about teaching materials? What about serving lunches? What are the logistics of all this and in what time period can we expect all this to happen??? Does anyone even sit down and THINK anymore?? Sure, we can brainstorm but if we are going to act, we have to get our act together!!!
I agree, holding classes outdoors sounds good in the abstract, but the reality of it is another whole story. The weather is all important and crucial. As you pointed out before, dealing with the lavatory situation alone is very significant and could derail the whole thing from day 1. Coupled with being able to use a clean and sanitary lavatory is being able to wash one’s hands afterwards, etc. Where do the funds come from for these extra outside facilities? Library classes would still have to be held in the library room unless they can set up a temporary library outside, another big expense.
Speak it Mamie. Just because three teachers in BK were given a platform does not mean the majority of teachers think it is plausible. None of my colleagues think it is a good idea but then we aren’t asked by the NYT to voice that opinion.
I know that when we are to the point where I am debating one of my heroes on her own blog that we are all not on the same page on these issues.
This outdoor thing is going to be DOA because no insurance company is going to provide a liability policy to school systems with a ragtag mix of outdoor teaching space.
Also, sleep away camps have nothing but appropriate outdoor space and most of them didn’t open. The majority of camps that did open are closed again because of outbreaks.
Melissa,
Those teachers in Brooklyn were not asked to write an opinion piece. They wrote it and submitted it. It was accepted. You could too.
Thank you, Mamie. This idea is ridiculous. How can you keep kids’ attention when there area million outside distractions? How are classes reached in emergencies if they’re spread all over kingdom come? I do a few outdoor activities with students, but we once had to rush back in due to lightning in the area. In the high desert climate in which I work, weather is bet unpredictable and we’ve had sudden rainstorms and microburst winds destroy tents and kill people before.
When I used to take students to the computer lab or library, I had to notify the office of where we would be so someone could contact us in an emergency or other situation. I think people might have the idea that students always follow all the rules and everything goes fine and dandy during the school day. Tents might work on a small scale and in smaller schools. But in a large city with many tents all spread around, I can’t see how this can work in the times we are in. We have many more social problems than we did in 1915 when the tuberculosis outbreak hit. I know I wouldn’t want to be a teacher responsible for kids running around outside with only me to supervise. Heck! Some schools don’t even have hall monitors and kids are unsupervised a lot. I just think this whole idea of tents needs to be thought out before just jumping at it.
I like the idea of meeting outdoors more than the idea of so-called blended learning. Computers are supposed to supplement, not supplant education. Last fall, a student set off a stink bomb in the classroom next door to mine, and the smell invaded my room. At least I hope it was a student, ha ha. It was a sunny day in West L.A., so my classes and I moved out onto the grass just outside the room. We brought books and clipboards. I quickly ducked inside when I needed to take attendance on the computer. (I still remember and miss the days when I didn’t need a computer to take roll, by the way.) Trees provided shade. Some sat, some stood. With a little planning, we could have dealt with rain if it had occurred. There were a few minor issues involving ants and spiders. All in all, it was pleasant. The science teachers at my school hold class outside all the time to do observations and experiments. When I taught at a South L.A. school with no trees or grass and tall, iron gates around the school, I still could have had class outside with minimal safety concerns. I say drop the meaningless test prep programs and step outside with a good book or a measuring tool. Eyes open! Hands on! Good shtuff.
One might say these are not developmentally appropriate for any human:
FLERP!,
You are right.
At the elementary level, in schools that have appropriate outdoor space – this could be doable at least part time – without a huge amount of hoopla. if it was wanted by most parents and teachers. We already try to bring our students outside to learn – writing spelling patterns with sidewalk chalk, tracing our shadows, reading and journaling under trees. With a tent, hand sanitizer and possibly some portable bathrooms – it could be doable for longer periods of time in a lot of districts. Maybe school days just need to be shorter. I would rather have a few hours of outdoor learning – than go back to remote learning – or have the potential dangers that come with crowding in a small classroom.
Is it time to return to Walden Pond? Would children be better off immersed in nature? Here are some of Henry David Thoreau’s famous quotes about education to ponder.https://www.walden.org/quotation-category/education-2/education/
It’s hard to respond hopefully to this as regards NYC children. In one breath they note elemsch kids are likely to live w/n walking distance of school– in the next they’re listing potential outdoor acreage that’s a long distance from most. [how to get them there safely?]. “Schoolyards” deserve little mention as they barely accommodate a few classroom groups.
However, personal experience suggests positive possibilities for Bklyn nghbrhds adjoining the Botanic Gardens and Prospect Park. There must be a large number of elemsch children who could walk to outdoor learning there.
I know this may be whistling in the wind, but it has to be said that it is unacceptable that local districts are forced to figure out how to educate their students amidst an avoidable pandemic. There are no good solutions, only less bad ones. All out federal investment in testing, contact tracing, isolation, mask wearing, financial support for families so they don’t have to choose between work, housing and eating could bring the pandemic under control. “Make do,” is no way to live.
Of course, kid should be outside more. Of course, they should be in smaller classes. However, not with a death threat over our heads.
Job number 1 should be federal leadership to get the pandemic under control, stop its spread. Give the public accurate advice about behavior required to protect public health. Trump has abandoned the role of leading that effort, left it to governors to decide what to do. Some of them—Kemp, DeSantis, more—have abandoned their roles as leaders.
Time to give up the fantasy.
We are not ready to go back to the regularly scheduled programming.
It is a waste of time and teachers’ energy to come up with three plans: online, hybrid, real life instruction. Let teachers use this time to improve their online instruction game.
A re-opening date is far less important than a stay open date. Scrambling around to hold classes in alternative settings with social distancing and half on, half off scheduling won’t allow parents to go back to work. What if the PE teacher, who has all 700 kids, is diagnosed with covid? Or the school nurse? Even if it’s a classroom teacher with a “bubble” of only 20 kids? All 20 go home? Their sibs too? Everyone who rode the school bus, with those 20 too? The kids from the class that used the bathrooms after the class of 20?
We know those answers will vary by class and race. It’s life and death.
I was fortunate to have a trail built beside the school my last 3 years. Many of us created this space together. Lowe’s donated benches for the classroom area. Having been in education in these “parts” of SW MO, I always relied on the outdoors. I even partnered with the Conservation Dept. to bring learning in along with me. As a Middle School Principal in a rural area, it was supported those 8 years. Vicinity and support propelled it. What a different world we’re in~yet the outdoors remain open arms for us if we can make it work.
What a gift to the students at your school. I hope this situation prompts us to rethink school design. Schools should include permanent shade structures for students to have snack in the rain outside, and trails like the ones you described. Some of the classrooms in our school had doors leading directly to outside. A few years ago the doors were taken out and walled up to make the school safer. But this year it would save a lot of traffic in the halls if we could bring our students directly outside.
Accessibility of outdoor learning depends on where a school is located and whether or not there are ‘outside the box’ administrators, like yourself, who can also put a plan together and make it happen.
Awww. Thank you. I’ve always been a teacher. And always will be at heart. I had a lot of challenges as an administrator; mostly because I didn’t “fit”. I’ve always been an “outside of the box” thinker. Politics and poor management, coupled with ego issues, impacted my relationships. The trenches is where learning occurs. Listening to the educators is vital. Being able to try new things and empower the gifts of others requires selflessness and a key gift of empathy and understanding. I was fortunate to teach for leaders who allowed me to wander and wonder. Therefore, the staff and I had mutual goals. My background is special education. It’s a pleasure to take kids outside the 4 walls where we place them based on their “dates of manufacture “ 🤦🏼♀️🤷🏼♀️. I pray redesign comes your way. Thank you for all you’re doing. God bless you!