Archives for the month of: May, 2018

 

In the past few years, a group of Western investors have introduced low-cost for-profit private schools into African nations. Their company is called Bridge International Academies. It is a “tech startup” developed by entrepreneurs who hoped to do well by doing good. Veteran journalist Peg Tyre wrote a balanced yet implicitly scathing article about BIA in the New York Times Magazine. Some of the investors are Mark Zuckerberg, Pearson, the World Bank, Bill Gates, and Pierre Omidyar. The schools seek to replace the public schools, which are free but usually underfunded and poorly equipped. Bridge teachers teach from tablets loaded with scripted curriculum (apparently written in Boston by charter school teachers who understand how to write scripted curricula). It claims to get better results than the public schools, but at a higher price. Even though these schools are “low cost,” most families in poor nations can not afford to pay. It is operating schools in Kenya, Uganda, and Nigeria, and a few in India.

Are they philanthropic saviors of African children or neocolonialists?

The government of Uganda is aggressively pushing back against the Bridge schools. 

Janet K. Museveni is First Lady and Minister of Education and Sports. She explains in the linked article that the 63 Bridge schools operating in Uganda are unlicensed and do not meet the standards required to operate.

The Bridge tactic of organizing pupils to march on behalf of the school corporation will sound familiar to Americans.

She writes:

The media has been awash with news about the intransigent manner in which Management of the Bridge International Academies (BIA) which were recently renamed Bridge Schools are acting when faced with closure by the Ministry of Education and Sports for lack of licenses to operate in Uganda.

“It must be puzzling to the public particularly when all they see, as a result of the aggressive media campaign by Bridge operators, are pictures of children that look fairly “organised” as they match on streets and demonstrate at Parliament to protect the interests of the proprietors – at the risk of simply being used as pawns in a game they hardly comprehend.”

She goes on to describe the requirements of the law and the power of the Ugandan government to set standards. She describes the efforts made by the Government to regulate and inspect Bridge schools. These were the findings of the investigation.

 

“Key findings of the multi-disciplinary team that were brought to the attention of the Bridge team during this meeting are summarised hereunder:

“Issue #1: – Curriculum

“Early childhood Development (ECD):

“Children are kept for long hours at school without any designated resting places; did not use the approved ECD Learning Framework and the Caregivers’ Guide; administered written examinations which are against Government Policy.

“Lower Primary:

“The preparation, language of instruction and pedagogy were not in line with the approved curriculum.

“Upper Primary

“Curriculum Content, Schemes of Work, Lesson Plans, Textbooks, Schools and Class timetables did not conform to the approved Ugandan curriculum which they purport to implement. Many teachers were not free to adjust what they received on the tablets to teach from a central source and appeared to live in fear; claiming to be underpaid and lacking a forum for airing their grievances. Most of the Head Teachers, referred to as “Academy Managers” were not professionally trained and could not provide instructional leadership.

“Issue #2: – Teacher Qualification/Competence

“There were no clear documents on teachers’ qualifications in the Managers’ (Head Teachers’) Office; most teachers had no contracts; and about a half had no authentic Teacher Registration numbers.

“Notwithstanding the well-known benefits of introducing technology into the delivery process, teachers should have the freedom to adapt their classroom schemes of work, lesson plans, assessment and remedial activities to the practicalities of the specific teaching-learning context rather than be enslaved to the restrictions of centrally prepared and delivered lessons.

“Issue #3: – Bridge Schools Infrastructure

“All the facilities were temporary with School structures made of roofing sheet material (both walls and roof) and wire mesh, which are unsuitable for students during very hot weather conditions. The structures have no windows and battened wooden doors were used without proper framing. Sound-proofing between Classrooms is inadequate. There is no protection against lightening on any of the structures. Sanitation facilities are shared amongst students (boys and girls) and teachers. The facilities were not fit to be a school.

“Based on the findings/observations outlined above, specific and general recommendations were made on curriculum, teachers and facilities to enable them meet the basic requirements and minimum standards.”

She and the Government of zuganda are serious about regulating Bridge schools.

“I should, however, add that the impunity being exhibited by Bridge Management, and its likes, will not be tolerated and that Government will spare no effort to use all legal means to enforce the requirements of the Law to protect our children and our future, as a country.”

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Read this story if you want to understand why teachers need tenure and unions.

Ralph Ratto is in a state of shock.

His small district is successful by current measures. But a new superintendent decided to disrupt everything and everyone.

Today the administration decided to shuffle the personnel in our very successful district. Our small K-6 district (New Hyde Park- Garden City Park) has 4 buildings and 145 teachers. I am the local President ( full disclosure).

“Take a look at our NYS report card. Even though I am totally against this type of data, the data shows that we are extremely successful. With this success, one would think that our new Superintendent and our 4 brand new building principals would look towards our successes, collaborate with staff and look to build on them.

“Unfortunately, they have chosen to do the exact opposite. They announced a major shake up of most of the teachers here. They changed our grades we will teach, changed rooms and have us even changing buildings They are taking teachers who have spent many years in lower grades and assigning them to upper grades and vice a versa. They have refused to share the rationale for this upheaval.

“I am well aware that every year there needs to be some changes, due to enrollment and other needs. Those changes are often rational decisions with some teacher input. Not this year! We have been told nothing except this is your new assignment.

As our Local President, I believe my new assignment in another building is due to my position as President. That will not stand. I have has a successful 19 year career and I will be damned if they will get away with this.”

Why? He doesn’t know. No one will say. Disruption is not an end in itself.

Rachel Cohen wrote in The Intercept that Kipp Adelante, a charter in San Diego, offered cash awards and prizes to parents and teachers who recruit new students for the school. What, no waiting list?

KIPP is not the only charter school that is paying bonuses to help fill their enrollment.

The promotion read:

If you know a 5th grader at another school and you get them to come to school here, you will receive a premium of $500 to offset your child’s educational expenses. In addition, the family you bring to KIPP Adelante will receive a premium of $100 (also for educational expenses) for enrolling their child here. Bring two 5th Graders to the school – get $1000! These students have to attend our school for at least 2 weeks before you can collect your premium

A former KIPP Adelante teacher shared the newsletter with The Intercept, troubled by the ad targeting a school where 99 percent of students enrolled are children of color, and 98 percent qualify for free-and-reduced-price lunch.

That same year, the school offered a smaller cash incentive program to KIPP Adelante employees to help recruit fifth graders. The specific drive to recruit those students can be explained by the school’s unique makeup. In San Diego, elementary schools tend to go through the fifth grade, with middle schools covering the next three grades. But KIPP Adelante enrolls students from grades five to eight, which means enrolling fifth graders typically requires students to leave their elementary schools early.

The KIPP organization denied that such practices were common, but…

KIPP leaders in southern California, though, told The Intercept it is relatively common in their region. “I know that other charter schools do similar things,” said McKeown, the KIPP Adelante principal. “I can’t speak to exactly what they do because I don’t know, but I can say that I know for a fact that other charters in the area do the same thing.”

Allison Ohle, executive director of KIPP San Diego, told The Intercept that “it’s not an uncommon practice” for charter schools to offer these sorts of stipends. Ohle declined to name other schools that offer cash bonuses, but emphasized that the practice is legal.

Too bad that public schools don’t have the money to buy their students back. KIPP has 209 schools and 90,000 students, and the organization is the favorite of the Walton Family Foundation, the Gates Foundation, the Broad Foundation, and dozens more. They are rolling in dough. They can afford to pay for enrollment.

William Mathis, managing director of the National Education Policy Center, wrote this post for the Blog.

“Pay no attention to that man behind the curtain!”

A Closer Look at the Changing School Privatization Claims


​Flashed on a 1939 version of a jumbotron, the great and mighty Wizard of Oz appears, wreathed in great billows of green smoke, as a reverberating announcement commands Dorothy, the Tin man, the Scarecrow and the Cowardly Lion to “Pay no attention to that man behind the curtain!” Of course, as we all know, the mighty wizard was all pretense, magnification, and illusion flanked by great balls of fire.

​And so it has been. The privatization wizards have issued countless press releases saying that charter schools In Boston, Florida, Chicago or almost anywhere else are a great success because of standardized test score increases.

For years this omnipresent claim is that turning schools over to outside contractors will result in grand progress as measured by great leaps – in standardized test scores. All we have to do is follow them down the yellow brick road.

Indeed, Chris Lubienski and Jameson Brewer note in a NEPC review, “a whole generation of school reforms has elevated test scores as the predominant metric by which to judge the worth of policies, as well as of schools, teachers, and even in some cases subjection of public schools to choice regimes through federal policies like No Child Left Behind (NCLB).” (1)

Yet, lately, things have not been so rosy in Oz or for the school privatization wizards. Several recent, large scale and well-designed studies have concluded that privatization has not produced the mighty test score gains promised.

Yet, Toto persisted in chewing on the curtain and ERIC, IES and a host of other scholarly and well-respected organizations concluded there really wasn’t much difference in test scores between public and non-public schools. In fact, in places such as Washington, DC, Indiana, and Louisiana, statewide evaluations have shown no advantage and, ominously, some have found actual test score losses as a result of privatization reforms. (2)

​Since their primary argument doesn’t look so good, the reformers now say, “Don’t look behind the curtain! Instead, look over there at attainment.” Attainment is the new goal which is a potpourri of indicators such as graduation rates, higher education attendance, higher education graduation, absenteeism and the like. These are certainly worthy goals which would be embraced by most people. Now, the pro-privatization purposes and measures are being shifting away from testing. In a complete about face, they ask, “Do impacts on Test Scores Even Matter?” (3)

​Lubienski and Brewer address this “Don’t look here, look over there” shift-the-goal phenomenon in a recent NEPC think-tank review of an American Enterprise Institute paper presented at the Association for Education Finance and Policy’s annual spring conference. While the study has not been peer reviewed, it was provided with booming publicity by charter advocates. (4)

​Fordham’s Michael Petrilli, a prominent advocate for test-based reform, shows remarkable agility (perhaps realizing that the test score results were not very impressive), by concluding that “focusing on test scores may lead authorities to favor the wrong school choice programs. It’s a legitimate concern, and one I share…the experience of attending a private school in the nation’s capital could bring benefits that might not show up until years later: exposure to a new peer group that holds higher expectations in terms of college-going and the like; access to a network of families that opens up opportunities; a religious education that provides meaning, perhaps a stronger grounding in both purpose and character, and that leads to personal growth.”

​Buttressing this maudlin appeal to national pride, religion and personal growth, Petrelli shuffles the studies to get a different result and says, “yes, impacts on test scores matter” and urges caution in making too much of research literature that comes to a contrary conclusion.

​Robin Lake joins the shift saying, “We now believe effectiveness must be considered more broadly, as preparing children with the knowledge, skills, and analytical capacities necessary for them to navigate the new realities of an information economy and be able to prepare for rapid changes in workforce demand.” (6) The shift from mechanistic hard test scores has the reformees saying “look over there!’ (7)

​What’s missing is that we’re more in Kansas than in Oz. This is not Dorothy waking from a bad dream proclaiming “there’s no place like home.” It is a bad reality as many children have no home and society provides Dorothy and her classmates with only ersatz opportunities and facile shifts of words, phrases and promises rather than the reality of good schools for all.

Endnotes:

[1] Lubienski, C. & Brewer, T. J. (2018). Review of “Do Impacts on Test Scores Even Matter? Lessons from Long-Run Outcomes in School Choice Research: Attainment Versus Achievement Impacts and Rethinking How to Evaluate School Choice Programs” Boulder, CO: National Education Policy Center.

[2] Barnum, M. (July 12, 2017). Do School vouchers “work.” As the debate heats up, here’s what research really says. Chalkbeat. Retrieved April 30, 2018 from https://www.chalkbeat.org/posts/us/2017/07/12/do-school-vouchers-work-as-the-debate-heats-up-heres-what-research-really-says/
Dynarski, M. (2016, May 26). On Negative Effects of Vouchers. Brookings: https://www.brookings.edu/research/on-negative-effects-of-vouchers/
Turner, C, & Kamenetz. (June 26, 2017) School Vouchers Get 2 New Report Cards. NPR https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2017/06/26/533192616/school-vouchers-get-a-new-report-card
Spector, C. (February 28,2017). Vouchers do not improve student achievement, Stanford researcher finds. https://news.stanford.edu/2017/02/28/vouchers-not-improve-student-achievement-stanford-researcher-finds/

[3] Hitt, C., McShane, M., & Wolf, P. (2018) Do impacts on test scores even matter? Lessons from long-run outcomes in school choice research: Attainment versus achievement impacts and rethinking how to evaluate school choice programs. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute. http://www.aei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Do-Impacts-on-Test-Scores-Even-Matter.pdf

[4] Lubienski, C. & Brewer, T. J. (2018). Review of “Do Impacts on Test Scores Even Matter? Lessons from Long-Run Outcomes in School Choice Research: Attainment Versus Achievement Impacts and Rethinking How to Evaluate School Choice Programs” Boulder, CO: National Education Policy Center.

[5] Petrilli, M, (April 17, 2018). For the vast majority of school choice studies, short- and long-term impacts point in the same direction. Fordham Institute. https://edexcellence.net/articles/for-the-vast-majority-of-school-choice-studies-short-and-long-term-impacts-point-in-the

[6] Lake, R. (May 1, 2018). How Can We Get Serious About Successful Pathways for Every Student? Center on Reinventing Public Education.

[7] Saultz, A. et al.(April 2018).Charter School Deserts: High-Poverty Neighborhoods with Limited Educational Options. Fordham Institute. Retrieved May 1, 2018 from https://edexcellence.net/publications/charter-school-deserts-report

The Associated Press reviewed the Gates Foundation’s education spending and found that Bill Gates is now engaged in “helping” shape the ESSA plans of the states. He just can’t stop telling everyone how to run their public schools even though everything he has tried until now has been a failure.

Does he care that teachers in several states have walked out due to underfunding? Is he trying to persuade governors and legislators to tax billionaires to raise school funding? Don’t hold your breath.

Presumably he wants to make sure they are sticking with high-stakes testing, Common Core, and charters, his three favorite reforms to which he never subjected his own children or their school. If it is not good enough for Lakeside Academy in Seattle, why must it be mandatory for the rest of the nation?

Other countries regulate guns the way we regulate automobiles.

You can’t just walk into a dealer and buy a car. You have to be a licensed driver. You have to pass tests. You have to renew your license periodically. The car must be registered. It must be inspected regularly.

Sure, there are accidents with cars. But the car was not designed to kill. Guns are designed to kill. They should be treated as the lethal weapons they are. Every gun should be registered. Every gun owner should be licensed and subject to tests at least as rigorous and as regular as drivers. Every gun owner should be legally liable for the misuse of his or her gun.

The United States has minimal requirements for buying a gun. Although some cities restrict gun ownership, guns are readily available in most states and at gun shows and on the Internet. A purchaser might buy a gun in less than an hour.

Other countries have established high barriers to gun ownership. It is possible to buy a gun but not easy.

Japan

1. Join a hunting or shooting club.

2. Take a firearm class and pass a written exam, which is held up to three times a year.

3. Get a doctor’s note saying you are mentally fit and do not have a history of drug abuse.

4. Apply for a permit to take firing training, which may take up to a month.

5. Describe in a police interview why you need a gun.

6. Pass a review of your criminal history, gun possession record, employment, involvement with organized crime groups, personal debt and relationships with friends, family and neighbors.

7. Apply for a gunpowder permit.

8. Take a one-day training class and pass a firing test.

9. Obtain a certificate from a gun dealer describing the gun you want.

10. Buy a gun safe and an ammunition locker that meet safety regulations.

11. Allow the police to inspect your gun storage.

12. Pass an additional background review.

13. Buy a gun.

Japan has the lowest rate of gun homicides in the world.

Australia

After the Port Arthur Massacre in 1996, where a man methodically killed 35 random people and injured many more at a popular tourist site, Australia made it more difficult to get a gun. Gun ownership is a privilege, not a right.

1. Join and regularly attend a hunting or shooting club, or document that you’re a collector.

2. Complete a course on firearm safety and operation, and pass a written test and practical assessment.

3. Arrange firearm storage that meets safety regulations.

4. Pass a review that considers criminal history, domestic violence, restraining orders and arrest history. Authorities may also interview your family and community members.

5. Apply for a permit to acquire a specific type of weapon.

6. Wait at least 28 days.

7. Buy the specific type of gun you received a permit for.

The article in the New York Times describes the gun laws in 13 other countries.

Those who mistakenly claim that the Second Amendment protects their unlimited right to buy any kind of gun ignore the fact that Congress banned assault weapons from 1994-2004. Before the ban was passed, it was endorsed by former Presidents Ronald Reagan, Gerald Ford, and Jimmy Carter.

The Second Amendment does not prevent us from regulating guns. The NRA and their bought politicians do.

John Thompson, historian and teacher in Oklahoma, has written a three-part series about the Broad Superintendents and its graduates. This is part 3.

He writes:

In 2007, when Broad Academy graduate, John Q. Porter, was hired as superintendent of the Oklahoma City Public School System, the conservative Oklahoman reported, “Several high-profile consultants have ‘audited’ Oklahoma City Public Schools operations in recent weeks.” The results of the audit were not released, but, back then, we couldn’t fully understand why the reporter put parentheses around the word, “audited.”

I went to a school board meeting with the hope of communicating with either one of the auditors, the late Arlene Ackerman, or the rookie superintendent’s Broad mentor, Eloise Brooks (who had worked for Ackerman in San Francisco and followed her to Philadelphia.) Ackerman, of course, is remembered for the controversial and secretive manner that her contract was bought out when she was forced to leave Philadelphia. The New York Times wrote of her exit, “Many attributed this to arrogance and an autocratic style; some called her Queen Arlene.”

http://newsok.com/article/3090052

http://thenotebook.org/latest0/2011/08/31/children-first-fund-gave-thousands-on-ackerman-s-way-in-too

It did not take a formal introduction to identify the Broad advisor. The top OKCPS central office staff gathered deferentially around Dr. Brooks were clearly intimidated. When I tried to introduce myself, she scowled, “Why do you in Oklahoma City not teach our black children to read?”

The administrators, who were all black, female, veteran educators, tried to defend me, attesting to my commitment to the black community, but that was just one of the first snap judgments the Broad advisor made, and she did not show any interest in communicating. She and Porter were convinced that even in our poor, underfunded district, raising expectations would be enough to create a great learning environment.

A few weeks later, I was one of the few whites in a black church, with Dr. Brooks sitting on the front row as John Q. Porter addressed the congregation. He said that she had visited the predominantly black Douglass Mid-High. He attacked teachers who supposedly wanted to kick black boys out of school. Porter introduced his new advisor from Broad who had intercepted black boys who were being sent to the office for disciplinary reasons and returned them to class, just telling the teachers to teach them. Porter exclaimed:

I can’t make teachers love our black boys! “But I can make you do your job. … If you can’t teach our black boys, you have to go!” Porter started a chant that culminated with “Do your job, or you have to go!”

Dr. Brooks led the applause.

I’ve recently been reviewing reporters’ descriptions of Broad superintendents in other cities who have been dismissed or forced to resign. The similarities between the press accounts and what I have experienced with Broad graduates is uncanny. For instance, when leaving Rockford, Ill., Superintendent LaVonne Sheffield “said she was hired as a ‘change agent’ for the district: now she feels the district is no longer ‘moving forward.’” It was reported that, “Sheffield has been criticized for her leadership style,” and that she was sued, in part, for the allegedly false charge that an educator, “distorts data and he believes minority students aren’t as bright, that they can’t learn, and that efforts to teach those children, quote, “those children,” and close the achievement gap are essentially a waste of time.

A similar account of the resignation of Dr. Deborah Sims (class of 2005) of the Antioch Unified School District (CA) quoted a teachers union president criticizing “her approach to leadership: her absolute lack of personal communications with employees and the board; her flawed decision-making from a totally top-down leadership style … that reflected in everything from bargaining to discipline to curriculum to morale.”

When Thandiwe Peebles (class of 2002) resigned from the Minneapolis public school system after 18 turbulent months, she “was criticized for an abrasive personality and use of district resources for personal business. An employee complained, “principals go to these meetings and they come back chilled. … The superintendent has publicly shamed professional staff.”

http://parentsacrossamerica.org/a-guide-to-the-broad-foundations-training-programs-and-policies/

The late Maria Goodloe-Johnson (class of 2003) was fired after 3-1/2 years with Seattle Public Schools “after the state auditor’s office uncovered up to $1.8 million in losses or questionable spending in the district’s small-business contracting program.” The Seattle Times reported that “Goodloe-Johnson wasn’t directly implicated in the scandal, but an outside attorney hired by the board concluded she knew enough that she should have acted.”

Just as important was the vote of no confidence by district employees in the wake of “rancorous negotiations” including the now-discredited use of test scores in teacher evaluations. One of her opponents wrote, “Goodloe-Johnson developed a poisonous relationship with teachers, in no small part because of her repeated attempts to bypass state labor laws and her bad faith contract negotiation efforts.” Similar, when describing her defenders’ arguments, a reporter acknowledged the “superintendent’s obvious failings as a communicator.”

By the way, Goodloe-Johnson was praised for her relatively long tenure, and 3-1/2 years is supposedly the average for Broad superintendents, if not their high-profile ones. But the average Broadie last two years less than the average superintendent.

https://www.seattlepi.com/local/article/Goodloe-Johnson-ousted-as-Seattle-schools-chief-1039336.php

https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/former-seattle-schools-chief-goodloe-johnson-dead-at-55-had-cancer/

http://thebroadreport.blogspot.com/2011/03/maria-goodloe-johnson-broad.html

https://seattleducation.com/2011/03/23/the-true-legacy-of-seattle%E2%80%99s-fired-broad-academy-superintendent-maria-goodloe-johnson/

http://old.seattletimes.com/html/edcetera/2014560982_in_defense_of_maria_goodloe-jo.html

How long does a big-city superintendent last? Longer than you might think.

There are two intertwined issues that explain so many controversies, with the abrasiveness of Broadies being just the first. The second is the way that Broad embraces the punitive and the dismantling of programs, as well as school closures. As Parents Across America explains:

General Anthony Tata (class of 2009), has been embroiled in controversy for dismantling Wake County’s desegregation plan. John Covington (class of 2008), Superintendent of Kansas City Schools, has announced his intention to close half the schools districts in the city. Robert Bobb (class of 2005), the Emergency Financial Manager of the Detroit Public Schools, recently sent layoff notices to every one of the district’s 5,466 salaried employees, including all its teachers, and said that nearly a third of the district’s schools would be closed or turned over to private charter operators.

These cuts help explain why Randolph Ward (class of 2003), “aroused huge protests with his plans to close schools and hired a personal bodyguard. Similarly, Bobb had to be escorted out of a town hall meeting by six bodyguards.

http://parentsacrossamerica.org/a-guide-to-the-broad-foundations-training-programs-and-policies/

I could go on and on, synthesizing on secondary sources to outline the flaws of other influential Broad graduates such as John White (class of 2010), Tom Boasberg (2009), Tom Brady (2004), Mike Miles (2011), and others. I could further review the ways Broad-trained administrators were involved in closing schools in Boston, Charleston, Chicago, Dallas, Washington, D.C., Miami-Dade County, Oakland, Pittsburgh, St. Louis, and Seattle. But readers can find great analyses of each one by a variety of contributors such as Sharon Higgins, Susan Ohanian, Jim Horn and others to the Diane Ravitch Blog.

My contribution as a veteran inner city teacher, who has done his best to work with corporate reformers, is to help discern patterns. Sadly, whenever I’ve seen behaviors like those exhibited by so many Broad superintendents, I’ve then seen disastrous consequences inflicted on students. As our district’s veteran educators used to be told, when feces is dumped on teachers, it rolls downhill, into the kids’ classrooms.

http://thebroadreport.blogspot.com/p/featured-graduates.html

And that brings me back to the audit of OKCPS schools that the Broad reformers kept secret. Even then, it was clear that the failure to use an objective performance auditor and to publically share the findings were terrible mistakes. Even then, we knew the problems with using standardized test scores as an accountability metric. We could not have known, however, that just about the only evidence of successes that Broad-led districts would ultimately produce would be based on bubble-in metrics. And we certainly could not have predicted that so many Broad graduates would engage in so many other questionable games with data and other so-called evidence.

What we sensed then, and what we know now, is that the combination of Broad’s obsession with micromanaging, based on horrible metrics, when combined with its disgusting culture and its graduates’ abuses of fellow human beings, was guaranteed to fail.

G.F. Brandenburg has been analyzing the results of the National Assessment of Educational Progress for the District of Columbia to understand the alleged “D.C. Miracle” attributed to Michelle Rhee, who was appointed in 2007 and left in 2010. Rhee was succeeded by her deputy Kaya Henderson, who pledged to protect her predecessor’s punitive policies. Rhee and Henderson (and their successors) were appointed as a result of mayoral control, mimicking New York City’s alleged “miracle” (which seems to have disappeared when Mayor Bloomberg left office).

Brandenburg concludes, based on a 10-year track record, that mayoral control benefited the children of college graduates, not the children of high school dropouts.

The reason to replace the elected board with mayoral control, he writes, was to help the least advantaged students. Instead, it was the most advantaged students who saw the greatest gains.

This is proof, he says, that “education reform” is “a complete failure.”

Let me point out the obvious: white parents in DC are overwhelmingly college-educated. Those in DC who did not graduate from high school, or who graduated from 12th grade and went no further, are overwhelmingly African-American or Hispanic. So our ‘reforms’ have had a disproportionately negative impact on black and hispanic students, and a positive one on white kids.

Aaron Ament wrote an article in the New York Times about the U.S. Department of Education’s abandonment of students who were defrauded by predatory for-profit colleges. Ament worked on these issues during the Obama administration.

“In 2016, after years of broken promises, deceptive recruiting practices and exponential growth in the for-profit college sector, things seemed to be changing for the better.

“Spurred by the creation of a unit in the Department of Education devoted to cracking down on predatory institutions, and the announcement of new protections for students, some of the biggest names in the industry voluntarily ended some of their most egregious practices or shut down, while others reached sweeping settlements with the government.

“Today, that investigative unit, which I helped create, is virtually dead. Its members have largely been assigned to other tasks by an Education Department that includes an alarming number of executives from those very same for-profit schools.

“The unit is the latest casualty of an administration that seems to think that big corporations need protection from consumers, rather than the other way around….

“In 2013, I took a job as a lawyer for the Education Department. Soon after, I started working with the California attorney general’s office to investigate fraud at Corinthian Colleges, based in Santa Ana.

“We learned the situation was worse than could be imagined at this publicly traded for-profit chain, which at the time was the beneficiary of more than $1 billion a year in federal student loans and grants.

“We heard of students recruited out of homeless shelters with false promises of jobs, and of others stashed in temporary jobs for less than a week so that the school could include them in the job placement rate it had to disclose to regulators and prospective students.

“These students would go on to amass student loan debt that their bleak job prospects would never help them repay….

“In 2013, I took a job as a lawyer for the Education Department. Soon after, I started working with the California attorney general’s office to investigate fraud at Corinthian Colleges, based in Santa Ana.

“We learned the situation was worse than could be imagined at this publicly traded for-profit chain, which at the time was the beneficiary of more than $1 billion a year in federal student loans and grants.

“We heard of students recruited out of homeless shelters with false promises of jobs, and of others stashed in temporary jobs for less than a week so that the school could include them in the job placement rate it had to disclose to regulators and prospective students.

“These students would go on to amass student loan debt that their bleak job prospects would never help them repay….

“Consider what happened at the for-profit DeVry University. Murray Hastie, an Iraq war veteran suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, was aggressively recruited by DeVry. Mr. Hastie was told that his G.I. Bill benefits would cover all of his tuition, in addition to giving him a monthly living stipend.

“However, he later learned DeVry was saddling him with more than $50,000 in student loans. When his P.T.S.D. worsened, Mr. Hastie left the school and sought treatment at a V.A. hospital. After leaving the hospital, he recounted in a forthcoming documentary, “Fail State,” he tried to enroll at his local community college, but found that all of his G.I. benefits had been exhausted….

“After Ms. DeVos took over, she hired several executives from the same for-profit institutions that the department was investigating. Former employees of Bridgepoint Education and Career Education Corporation, which both run for-profit colleges that were reportedly under investigation, are now working for her. Investigations into those colleges seem to have been dropped. A former DeVry dean supervised the very unit that is now being dismantled.

“At the same time, Secretary DeVos is also trying to bar students and state attorneys general from suing for-profit student loan servicers. And at the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Mick Mulvaney has weakened the office assigned to protect students from financial abuse.

“Predatory colleges are being given a green light to return to their abusive ways. The message to millions of Americans lured by the false promises of predatory companies is clear: The Trump administration is not on your side.”

This is a powerful article about how schools are responding to the culture of gun violence. Why is this happening? Could it be because we have a Congress and a President whose loyalty has been purchased by the National Rifle Association? Our leaders refuse to enact meaningful control of guns. They send their thoughts and prayers. I’m counting on the younger generation to vote them out of office.

<a href=”https://nyti.ms/2GwHpoy“>This is school in America now.</a>

James Poniewozik, The Chief television critic of the New York Times, wrote it.

“The heartbreaking thing about the images — one heartbreaking thing among many — is the precision. The cooperation. The orderliness.

“Time after time, a report comes of another everyday nightmare at an American school, and with it, a harrowing ritual. We see the children — those who survived — filmed from news helicopters, leaving the building in neat lines. They’re 16 years old, or 11, or six. Their hands are in the air, or on one another’s shoulders. Heads down, or eyes looking around anxiously.

“It’s an image of relief and horror. They’re in transit, away from the killing zone but not entirely safe yet either.

“They came to school in cars or on buses. They walk away from it the way we’re used to seeing prisoners walk. Arms up. Fingers spread apart. Show us that you are safe, you are unarmed, you are not a threat.

“The news anchors narrating say that the children are leaving school, but make no mistake: What you are watching, this frightened, exhausted procession, is school now. It is what your children are taught. Lockdown drills, active shooter drills. It’s a procedure they have learned, and what you are seeing is a kind of horrible field trip, a deadly exam.

“You send your kids to school, and one of the things they learn is how not to die.

“It’s devastating how well they’ve absorbed the lesson. Every time I see another American class walk out, the lucky ones, I’m struck by the calm, the cooperation. In the worst imaginable moment, the hands go up, and they put faith in what adults have promised them: Just follow the rules, and you’ll be all right.

“The schools are in Texas, Florida, Connecticut, Washington, California — in different sizes and kinds of communities. But everywhere, in those aerial shots, you see the signs and symbols of a society’s investment in children’s future. The green athletic fields. The school buses lined up like yellow bricks. The expansive parking lots. The multicolored backpacks, with their books and papers emptied on the ground to prove that they are not weapons.

“I want to say that these images are powerful. “Powerful” isn’t really the right word, though, is it? They’re affecting. They’re wrenching. They’re painful. But “powerful” — that suggests that they achieve something, that they have an effect on the larger world, and honestly, do they?

“They feel as if they should. So many times we see these pictures, and even knowing that we’ve seen them before, it feels as if, this time, it should be different. The children were so young, or the death toll so high, or the repetition, simply, so great — it hurts so much, this time, that we’ll snap out of our inertia and our defensive stances and take some action.

“And there are actions, sometimes. The February shooting in Parkland, Fla., started a movement based not on the strength of adults’ actions, but on the mobilization of students who realized that they could only count on themselves.

“Still, change comes slow. Time drags on. People forget. Kids are smart — they’ve learned this lesson, too. After the mass shooting Friday in Santa Fe, Tex., a student told CBS News that the killings didn’t surprise her at all. “It’s been happening everywhere,” she said. “I’ve always kind of felt eventually it was going to happen here, too.”

“So the ritual goes on. Another group of children — our children — flees a school. They throw their hands up. Eventually, so do we.”

Sent from my iPad