Denisha Jones, a professor of early childhood education at Trinity Washington University, gave this talk at Sarah Lawrence College this past summer. Please read her talk in her entirety.
An excerpt:
I inspire my teachers—regardless of the label they give themselves—to be advocates or activists for their profession. I don’t want them to spend the next several years in survival mode until they burn out and leave the field altogether. Advocacy and activism serve as nourishment for the soul. They can sustain you even when things look bleak and the future is uncertain.
As I move forward, determined to protect public education as a right, what drives me is the acceptance of our failure. I am ready to declare our efforts, and the efforts of those who came before me, as failures. This may seem harsh, but as we know, failure is essential for success. “Failure is instructive,” John Dewey once said, “The person who really thinks learns quite as much from his failures as from his successes.”
We know that protecting children from the experience of failure is not good for their development. Failure can be a tool for learning how to get it right. Without failure, how do we know that we have even really succeeded? This doesn’t mean that education activists haven’t won some important battles. But they’ve tended to benefit one school or one community, and haven’t reached the national or state levels. Our attempts to stop the spread of the Global Education Reform Movement (GERM) have failed.
Before we examine our failures more closely, I want to quickly review what I mean by GERM so that we are all on the same page. Pasi Sahlberg notes that the movement emerged in the 1980s and consists of five global features: standardization; focus on core subjects; the search for low-risk ways to reach learning goals; use of corporate management models; and test-based accountability policies. Although none of these elements have been adopted in Finland, where he does most of his research, they have invaded public education in the U.S. and in other countries.
Here, education activists typically refer to GERM as the privatization of public education, driven by neoliberalism, which favors free-market capitalism. Under this scenario, there are no public schools: public services are turned over to the private sector. Healthcare, prisons, even water, are now being put in the hands of corporations, whose sole desire is to make a profit. When profit is the goal, the needs of human beings are discarded, unless they can generate a measurable return on investment.
We can see how GERM has infected U.S. education policy and reforms. The Common Core drives standardization and aligns with a narrow focus on math and literacy. The use of scripted learning programs, behavior training programs, and online learning is evidence of the search for low-risk ways to reach learning goals. While charter schools claim to be nonprofit, most are managed by companies with CEOs and CFOs who apply corporate models to education.
Teach for America and other fast-track teacher preparation programs also use a corporate model, developing education leaders who get their feet wet teaching before moving on to become policymakers or head up charter schools.
Pearson’s PARCC and the Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium are drowning public education in test-based accountability. Systems that punish and reward schools and teachers based on student achievement on standardized tests are the norm today.
While the new Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) includes language that protects the right of parents to opt out—a movement that has been growing in recent years—it also maintains the requirement that 95 percent of students participate. Test-based accountability is here to stay and rapidly evolving into competency-based and personalized learning, in which assessments occur all day every day as students are glued to computer screens.
We have failed to stop the expansion of choice, which threatens the existence of public schools through the proliferation of charters and vouchers. In the U.S., most school-age children are educated in traditional public schools, but we can expect to see this trend reversed under the administration of Betsy DeVos. We have failed to stop the assault on public education through school closures in communities of color.
And then there’s the inexorable push down of developmentally inappropriate standards onto young children. The Common Core, adopted by most states, imposes expectations on young children that are out of step with their development, not to mention the research. Empirical data confirm that kindergarten is the new first grade, and preschool the new kindergarten.
On top of this, we have failed to stop racist school discipline practices that suspended 42% of black boys from preschool in the 2011-2012 academic year. This failure stems from our inability to address the systemic and institutional racism that is prominent in public education but often masked by teachers with good intentions who lack an understanding of culture, bias, and systems of oppression.
We must acknowledge these failures so we can understand the limits of our collective efforts and decide how we can refocus our energies toward a future that will lead to more successful outcomes. We need to change the narrative. Attacking the push for accountability and tougher standards has proven to be a losing strategy. Our insistence that these measures harm student development and learning has branded us unwilling to be held accountable for ensuring that all students can achieve.The more we resist test-based accountability and inappropriate reforms, the more we are seen by the corporations, policymakers, and privateers as resistant to innovation.
We must make the protection of childhood a nonpartisan issue. We need to revise our message. The assault on public education is not just a conservative attack by Republicans against progressive education. Democrats are also aligned with many aspects of GERM, including choice, privatization, and test-based accountability.

“GERM” is a greedy infection that has taken over education policy. In order to stop the imposition of unhealthy policy from harming young children, more people and groups need to speak out and actively resist. Parents and teachers, of course, are the obvious advocates for their children. It would also be helpful if a coalition of professional groups from colleges and universities released a position paper opposing the policies that work against the nature of the child including developmentally inappropriate curricula, cyber instruction and loss of recess. We need professors, psychologists and medical professionals joining with parents and teachers.
LikeLike
The situation has similarities to the situation in Hollywood with Harvey Weinstein.
The teachers and students are being abused and many of the other people who should be speaking out (psychologists, administrators, professors, etc) are either remaining silent or actively aiding the abuse.
LikeLike
I would have to say one of the most shameful organizations in this regard is the American Psychological Association, although their stance on the abuse of children with testing should probably not be surprising in light of their past stance on the torture of prisoners.
LikeLiked by 1 person
The APA is one of the biggest embarrassments to humankind.
LikeLike
“Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde”
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
APA, should not abide
Torture’s torture — board or test
Those who aid deserve arrest
LikeLike
Pasi Sahlberg on GERM:
https://pasisahlberg.com/global-educational-reform-movement-is-here/
https://pasisahlberg.com/text-test/
https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer-sheet/post/how-germ-is-infecting-schools-around-the-world/2012/06/29/gJQAVELZAW_blog.html?utm_term=.b1b0a25c4f2b
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781118468005.ch7/summary
Click to access GERM_infects_education_globally.pdf
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/dec/08/pisa-education-test-scores-meaning
GERM is BAD!
LikeLike
Diane, You should check in on what is going on with Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) in New Mexico. The Interim Sec of Ed (following in the foot steps of Skandera) is destroying the NGSS with proposed changes that would take the state back into the dark ages as far as science education. It would be worth your time to read what is going on in NM with NGSS.
LikeLike
Please send a link or write a post about NM.
Your interim superintendent is deeply embedded in corporate reform.
LikeLike
Next generation has its own problems. These standards ignore the need for,environmental and natural history inclusions in a well rounded science education. In NgSS, chemistry and physics have supplanted most geology, some weather, and even some genetics.
We should not applaud the attempt to teach religion under the banner of science, but we should regard the NGSS as an attempt to keep the public from caring whether a species goes extinct due to an environmental hazard.
The trend away from natural science has been going on for three decades. It is time to halt this. All students should be taught to be able to identify common species in their area. All students should be taught why the eagle almost went extinct, and why there are so many Canada Geese that do not migrate. Who will care when the last salamander falls victim to the latest habitat loss? We must teach our children, or the canary in the mine will expire and they will not understand how that impacts them.
LikeLike
The latest report on the topic and what happened in Santa Fe yesterday is at: http://nmpoliticalreport.com
It is worth your read.
LikeLike
While teachers and public school supporters are trying to save childhood, so-called reformers are hell-bent (literally) on monetizing it.
LikeLike
If the number of kids with iPhones is any indication, i think they have already succeeded.
The monetization has already happened. They are now simply looking for a new market that will allow them to suckle at the public teat ad infinitum.
LikeLike
But just think of all the “advanced” or “remedial” programs that can be sold, to individual families or districts, with all that “personalized” learning generated in “reformed” classrooms.
Nevertheless, you are correct about the electronic leashes our children (and the rest of us) are attached to, and its effects upon their education. I teach high school students, and the older ones are probably among the last to have had an infancy/toddler-hood without an electronic device attached to them. The effects of that – increasingly short attention spans, less reading stamina, indifference if not hostility to reading in general, etc. – are on display in every class, every day. I shudder when I see babies with screens in front of them on the subway…
The economic system has always been exploitative, but in just a few short decades it seems as if even the disciplines that were once only partially enslaved by market forces (medicine and education come first to mind) have been turned into rackets.
LikeLike
I think there’s a chance that many kids will get sick of the screens and rebel. I see some signs of this already. They may see through Silicon Valley’s false promises sooner than many of the hypnotized adults who are shoving this stuff into the classrooms.
LikeLike
Ponderosa, I pray that you are right.
LikeLike
“We must make the protection of childhood a nonpartisan issue.”
Preaching to the choir here. We are fighting the same battle, which is why our colleagues created Defending the Early Years here: https://www.deyproject.org/
It’s also why I chose to focus on belief in the sanctity of childhood in my initial response to Russ Walsh, before addressing where scholarly research to inform practice can be accessed, as indicated here: https://dianeravitch.net/2017/10/13/russ-walsh-what-do-professional-educators-believe-and-what-do-they-know/
Woops! it’s not there now. Where did that Russ Walsh page go to, Diane?
LikeLike
Homeless,
I checked and it is still there.
LikeLike
Thanks for checking, Diane.
I think the problem is that it has a different date now in the URL. It was 2017/10/13 and now it’s 2017/10/04
LikeLike
No explanation.
LikeLike
“Test-based accountability” is a complete sham and waste of time and precious dollars. The only thing it does is confirm the presence of poverty and lines the pockets of test makers. It gives no real useful information to teachers who already know how their children are performing.
If you would do any real research, you would know this and work to do away with this wasteful, oppressive and abusive tactic. I say this to you as a retired 30 year veteran of elementary education. I loved my students, who were often living in the poorest neighborhoods in this nation (Fresno, CA). I worked hard, usually 7 days per week during the school year, and often took coursework or participated in workshops during interims. I do not consider myself a failure in any way – many former students went on to successful lives.
I can tell you that the main things that happened because of excessive testing are that the curriculum was greatly narrowed, and children learned to hate school. The children who needed the most ended up getting far less.
What you and your colleagues have aided and abetted is shameful. Don’t respond to me with rhetoric about accountability – you belong to one of the least accountable bodies in this country. Get off the can and learn something – then do what’s actually best for children!
Sent from my iPhone
>
LikeLike
To whom are you speaking? The vast majority of us on this site, including Diane herself, are very much opposed to test-based “accountability”.
LikeLiked by 1 person
Yeh, I couldn’t figure that one out, either.
Diane is against it, most of us are against it, Denisha Jones is against it.
He’s either speaking to the pro-testing people and misusing his pronouns, or he totally and completely misread this article, the comments, and every other post on this website.
LikeLiked by 1 person
Dr. Denisha Jones is a brilliant educator and this article is a case in point. She puts her finger on the pulse of the problems currently plaguing public education.
LikeLiked by 1 person
This post is right on time for me as I woke up this morning feeling overwhelmed by this very issue.
So what do we do now?
LikeLike