You don’t have to look far into the future to see the technology sector circling the schools, giving generously to elected officials, hyping the wonders of computers instead of teachers (so much cheaper, and computers never need a pension), and gently persuading legislatures to add online courses as graduation requirements. Consider the federally-funded tests for Common Core: all online, all requiring a massive investment in equipment, bandwidth and support services. The Golden Fleece: replacing teachers with computers.
Laura Chapman writes:
Latest Bamboozlers are the “on-line only” promoters of “learning,” no need for teachers.
In a press release dated February, 3, 2014 KnowledgeWorks and The International Association for K-12 Online Learning (iNACOL) announced their shared agenda for federal policies that would change “our entire K-12 education system” to fit a student-centered learning environment with demonstrations of competency, free of traditional notions of schools, teachers, and student learning.
The policy report addressed to federal officials calls for the status quo on requiring students to meet college-and career-ready standards, but these standards would be aligned with specific competencies mapped into the idea of optimum trajectories for learning that will lead to graduation. Individual students would be tracked on the “pace” of their mastery through the use of on-line and “real-time” data. The data for each student is supposed to inform the instruction, supports, and interventions needed by each student in order to graduate.
This vision requires competency-based interpretations of the college-and career-ready standards and measures of those competencies. It requires a recommendation system (data-driven guide) for prioritizing required learning and ensuring continuous improvement in learning until graduation.
The vision calls for federal funding to states and districts for developing “personalized learning pathways” (PLPs) for students along with the infrastructure needed to produce real-time data for just-in-time recommendations for the interventions and supports needed to move students to college and career readiness.
The system in intended to build reports on the progress of individual students relative to mastery, or a high level of competency, for the college and career readiness standards.
In addition to keeping individuals “on-pace” in demonstrating standards-aligned competencies, this entire system is envisioned as offering “useful information for accountability, better teaching and learning, and measures of quality in education.”
In effect, programmed instruction is the solution for securing student compliance with the Common Core State Standards, assuring their entry into college and a career, with “instructional designers and programmers” the surrogates for teachers. Teachers are not needed because the out-of-sight designers and programmers build the recommendation systems for needed “interventions,” also known as “playlists.”
This is a souped-up version of vintage 1950s programmed instruction amplified in scope and detail by technology–on-line playlists and monitors of PLPs–personal learning plans–available anytime.
In fact, students get one-size-fits education, at the rate they can manage. The rate learning is optimized by computers programmed to lead students to and from the needed playlists of activities (e.g., subroutines that function as reviews, simple re-teaching, new warm-ups for the main learning event or subsets of methods for presenting the same concept). The student does what the computer says and the computer decides if and when mastery or some other criterion for competence has been achieved.
The selling framework is for “personalized, competency-based student-centered learning in a de-institutionalized environment.
Out of view are scenarios where all education is offered by “learning agents” who broker educational services offered by a mix of for-profit and non-profit providers. Token public schools remain in the mix, but are radically reduced in number and the loss becomes a self-fulling prophesy justifying radical cuts in state support. Profit seekers, together with volunteers and “20-year commitments from foundations” provide for “students in need. This is one of several scenarios from KnowledgWorks.
The quest for federal funds is found here at http://knowledgeworks.org/building-capacity-systems-change-federal-policy-framework-competency-education#sthash.Nr0OpfWq.dpuf
See more at the CompetencyWorks website http://bit.ly/cwk12fedpolicy

And when the computer is down, or the lesson won’t load, or the graphics or presentation goes awry, the teacher must present the lesson as best she can without tech. And look at the time she may have used to a better advantage if she hadn’t had to struggle with the tech.
Computers sometimes “die”. Networks are overloaded, kids are slower than others. U saw one kid the other day who was so frustrated Sith his phonebook, I thought he was going to cry. He has always been a conscientious student. Where does the madness stop?
As I have been saying for 30 years, “We are on a 12 lane highway going 70 mph…to nowhere.” Good luck, us.
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I would assert we are going much faster than that once we take a look at KnowledgeWorks’ deeply disturbing Recombinant Education vision, as well as what they have issued with their partner Institute for the Future. http://www.invisibleserfscollar.com/advances-in-neuroscience-redefine-notions-of-performance-and-cognition-allowing-social-justice-in-learning/
Those papers really have to be seen to recognize the huge threat to our children and our wallets from this vision.
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“And when the computer is down, or the lesson won’t load, or the graphics or presentation goes awry, the teacher must present the lesson as best she can without tech. ”
Teacher? There won’t be any teachers. Why pay a professional when you have a computer program to spit out everything a student could possibly need to know? All you need is someone to read a script if the system goes down. The kids can answer questions on a bubble sheet that can be read by the computer when it is up and running again. If you want to see how it can work, walk into a classroom as a sub in a district that has gone to one-to-one computer access. Chances are you will serve as a computer monitor, not a teacher.
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2old,
If a student could learn better from using a computer than a teacher, the student should use the computer. The point of schools is to educate students, not to employ teachers.
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The key there is “if the student can learn better.”
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2old,
That is of course the key, and should be the primary concern.
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TE – those of us who are old school realize that there are different types of learners.
Some are visual, some are auditory, and some are hands on. Every theme should employ numerous techniques to reinforce the concepts to be taught and reach out with different learning styles to meet the individual needs of each student.
And while some do very well with computer reinforcement, others are totally lost. There is also the “wandering eye” students who are off doing their own thing instead of the assigned task. (Librarians are familiar with this issue – students often view a period in the LMC to complete research as “free time” instead of “time to buckle down and focus”. This was a problem even before computers became popular.)
Yes, there is a percentage who respond positively to computer learning with little to no adult assistance, but such students are the exception and not the rule. Even then, they tend to focus on their own interests and not a complete curriculum.
Those who view teachers as babysitters with little or no visible skills are quick to dismiss their specific contributions as professionals. Those who know better, value their expertise and realize that they are irreplaceable by any computer.
I know no cyborg could ever duplicate what I did in my library classes. Sorry Suri – you can read the words but you can’t emote their meaning. Nor can you walk down the hallway receiving hugs from every child you meet.
Ellen T Klock
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Ellen,
I certainly agree that one size does not fit all students and argue that students should be free to find size that fits them rather than be assigned to a size based on their street address.
My middle child took the majority of his classes at the assigned high school, seven at the local university, and one on-line class taught by K-12 under contract to a neighboring school district. i think that sort of blending is likely to become more prevalent. In more densely populated areas, perhaps the rule and the exception can both find schools to fit their needs.
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TE,
“The point of schools is to educate students, not to employ teachers.”
If the point is to “educate students” then computer training would not be in the mix. When computer training is in the mix, teaching and learning suffer exponentially in relation to the amount of computer training.
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Duane,
Computers may or may not be in the mix, but that depends on the effectiveness in teaching, not on employment in schools.
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“If men learn this, it will implant forgetfulness in their souls; they will cease to exercise memory because they rely on that which is written, calling things to remembrance no longer from within themselves, but by means of external marks. What you have discovered is a recipe not for memory, but for reminder. And it is no true wisdom that you offer your disciples, but only its semblance, for by telling them of many things without teaching them you will make them seem to know much, while for the most part they know nothing, and as men filled, not with wisdom, but with the conceit of wisdom, they will be a burden to their fellows.”
Plato, Phaedrus
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That’s a great quote. Thank you!
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I concur with others that this is a great quote.
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Third. Great quote.
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What I love about this is that it seems at once profoundly self-evident and completely inscrutable. Surely Plato must have appreciated the irony. But if he did, then what was he really trying to say? Any Plato scholars with wisdom (or, it should go without saying, the “conceit of wisdom”) on this point?
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Plato is reporting a cautionary tale that he puts in the mouth of Socrates, himself no stranger to irony. The passage and the issues it raises are often discussed in the philosophy of education and more lately in cognitive science.
See, for example —
Wolf, Maryanne (2007), Proust and the Squid : The Story and Science of the Reading Brain, Harper Collins, New York. Paperback edition, Harper Perennial, New York, 2008.
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The irony seems more pronounced from Plato’s position than from Socrates’s.
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Like any parable it requires interpretation.
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One thing that I find interesting about the internet revolution is the revival of the oral culture. I find myself responding to students emails not with text, but with a video where I voice over the graph I am writing. I have my students listen to podcasts, view people talking.
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Oral, but not ephemeral.
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“. . . for by telling them of many things without teaching them you will make them seem to know much. . . ”
Seems to go against your support for computer training.
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Duane,
That quote was arguing against the learning by reading. I imagine Socrates might well advocate skyping into a class.
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Heh, there’s my friend, teaching(libertarian)economist. You stlll, for over one year now, not answered the question:
Are you being remunerated in anyway to post on this forum?
Until you answer the question, you will be considered a PR flak.
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This is the worst nightmare for all of us who once believed and who still believe in the appropriate use of technology in education.
The question is — Who determines the appropriate use of technology in education?
And the answer is what it’s always been — educators, educational research, and those who desire to learn.
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I wish I could agree with you, but the federal technology plan for education, like most others, is not being shaped by educators, educational research. It is being shaped by profit-seekers.
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Hence the Nightmare …
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I hate it because it’s being sold the same way ed reform was sold. Any voice that urges caution or careful examination is immediately shouted down as somehow self-interested, ignorant or protecting the status quo.
I’m wary of the hard sell. If this has value, it WILL be used. It will inevitably and slowly be adopted.
I will also say this. If my school board does anything reckless and stupid like spending a billion dollars on devices and programs where no one knows how much value they add I will personally launch a political campaign against that school board member or members.
Tech companies are pretty good at selling product. I’m not too worried about them. It is the elected officials ROLE to take a hard look at sales pitches, NOT join in and cheerlead. I’m particularly alarmed because the US Department of Education seems to think it’s their job to push product. It’s not. That’s why we have a private sector and a public sector. They’re (supposedly!) in the public sector. I’m absolutely confident in the ability of the private sector to sell product to schools.
Do your jobs, public sector employees. Due diligence and hard questions. Put down the pom poms and do your jobs.
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Not likely. At least in Utah, key legislators, lobbyists, and their families are very invested in technology companies. All these people see is the almighty dollar. The rest of we public sector employees have no say over this.
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I also have a marketing suggestion for them. While people pushing product seem to love photos of small children sitting at a cubicle staring at a screen wearing headphones, it tends to make me question the accompanying rhetoric about how we’re not replacing teachers and this is all about collaboration and empowerment and freedom.
I also question it given their penchant for experimentation with giant classrooms and computers in charter schools in low income areas. They’ll have to explain the Detroit EAA and Rocketship models to me,because it sure looks like a low-cost way to push up test scores for kids in low and middle income areas.
We’re not stupid. I know the savings that accrue when you hire one teacher and three 15 dollar an hour aides for 100 kids. Persuade me it isn’t about edu-cheap for the lower classes.
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Third. Great quote.
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Sadly Chiara, you are a teacher, and thus they are not concerned about what you think.
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I’m not a teacher.
It’s the reason I can go to my school board and insist they not be incredibly stupid and reckless with funds.
No one can call me “self interested” which seems to be the preferred tactic for dodging any and all questions, about anything.
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That is why parents must lead the charge with teachers supporting. Informed, active parents are the best advocates for their children and the quality instruction they receive. Even when poor parents protest, as in Newark, they are ignored. i guarantee corporations are planning their assault on the middle class in their relentless quest for “new markets” and profit. The barbarians may be at the gate; it’s time to hold your position with many organized, informed parents.
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Is it a problem that all of the people in Arne Duncan’s DOE seem to go directly from promoting ed reform organizations in government to working for those same ed reform organizations the moment they leave government?
Is there one person who works there who is not a member of this club ‘o insiders?
Boy, that must be a lively and rigorous debate! “Teach For America: Great or Perfect?”
Nothing like lobbying your former colleagues, huh? Cozy!
https://twitter.com/ED_Outreach
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Outdenting a comment that got a bit squished above —
Plato is reporting a cautionary tale that he puts in the mouth of Socrates, himself no stranger to irony. The passage and the issues it raises are often discussed in the philosophy of education and more lately in cognitive science.
See, for example —
Wolf, Maryanne (2007), Proust and the Squid : The Story and Science of the Reading Brain, Harper Collins, New York. Paperback edition, Harper Perennial, New York, 2008.
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Western Governors University- Advisory Board-Microsoft, Gates Foundation, AT&T…
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This is hysterical thinking. Yes, more tech dollars, yes more tech requirements. But the only companies making money are Pearson and Blackboard. Maybe a few more. But don’t go there as a flag to wave that computers will replace teachers. That doesn’t address the critical argument that drives this discussion site: high stakes testing versus the whole child. Too much teaching to the test and not deeper thinking skills and developmentally appropriate standards.
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You obviously haven’t read much about the charter chain Rocketship, then.
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Threatened,
Rocket Ship has 11 out of the estimated 6,400 charter schools. There are more Waldorf charter schools in California than there are Rocket Ship charter schools in the country.
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Sent from my iPad
>
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This is not hysterical thinking. You need to look at the Us Department of Education Technology Plan and the website of the Education Industry Association, the major lobby group on behalf of for-profit education (since 1990 and now with a tech arm).
The action is not just in the K-12 market. It extends to higher education and all sorts of technical training with “certificates of competency.” The market is international. For example, Pearson, the world’s largest educational and multi-media publisher with operations in 60 countries and 37,000 employees had revenues just shy of $6 billion dollars in 2010.
The market for online courseware for the CCSS was being “seeded” in 2010 by a collaboration between the Gates Foundation and Pearson Foundation, the latter a convenient way to multiply benefits for the Pearson Corporation. The plan was to develop eleven courses in math for K-10 and thirteen courses in English/language arts, K-12, then give away a couple of these, leaving the rest available for commercial exploitation. Each course was to be a 150-day module with gaming and other interactive features. The substantive leaders of the Gates’/Pearson curriculum also led the College and Career Readiness Standards Work Groups on mathematics (Phil Daro) along with a major English/language arts contributor (Sally Hampton).
That same year Pearson sponsored one of it’s annual international “summit“ conferences, co-hosted by the CCSSO–in London on digital technologies. After each annual conference (many in international venues) Pearson publishes a Report and Policy Recommendations for Education Leaders.
The October 22 issue of EdWeek reported on ( pushed) Personalized Learning with support from the Eli and Edythe Broad Foundation. This 24 page editorial supplement interlaced with ads from tech companies is worth a small fortune as a platform for marketing the concept of personalized learning. Among the EdWeek colums produced by a handful of writers, one shows the distribution of $350 million from USDE to 16 districts and “cooperatives” for so-called personalized learning initiatives. This RTTT money.
Skeptics should note the discussion of learner profiles, privacy, and whose opinions are featured–For example, “As content becomes more widespread and commoditized, it’s going to be all about online assessments to verify what students know.” That is from Julia F. Freeland Research Fellow Clayton Christensen institute for Disruptive Innovation.
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Thanks, Laura, for this great post. I saw it in the comments on another thread and am very glad Diane re-posted it under its own heading. Like so many of your contributions, this is both enlightening and frightening. Thank you, Diane, for making it possible for Laura’s information to be accessible to all of us.
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I took a course on PI at SUNY at Buffalo in 1971 and came to the conclusion it had limited value. If done correctly, the new technology also has some value, but only in conjunction with the classroom teacher, not as a replacement to guided learning.
My brother teaches an online college level course and it is a lot of work – probably more work than the courses he teaches in the classroom. Online assignments need to be critiqued with feedback and there is also individual online contact with each of the students.
If everyone had the ability and stamina to teach themselves via computer without a teacher to provide guidance, than we wouldn’t need schools at all. Parents also might become obsolete. (Only a small segment of the population has the wherewithal and know how to be self taught.)
However, technology should be considered a support to the educational process, not the whole enchilada. Anyone who feels differently needs to be honest about how they’d like their own children to learn, then apply that gut reaction to everyone else.
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What is “PI” (besides 3.14. . . )???
Personalized Instruction???
Help me as I’ve been diagnosed (by myself that is) as AI. Is PI related to AI???
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Duane –
PI is short for Programmed Instruction (invented by BF Skinner) where students used booklets and progressed at their own pace with small increments of information being introduced at a time. If they answered the questions correctly they moved forward, otherwise they were directed to another set of instruction which repeated the original set of concepts. Choose Your Own Adventure Books reminded me of this style.
This sort of learning was self directed. At first it was interesting because it was a new style, but it become boring relatively quickly. Unless you were disciplined enough to push through, it quickly lost it’s appeal. I would much rather learn from a teacher, especially one who was dynamic, instead of from a sterile book.
Remember the SRA reading program? I was an excellent reader, but the thought of reading through all those dull reading passages and then answering the questions (all independently) still makes me cringe. And how many of you bothered to actually complete the program as assigned. Not me! And here I am – a survivor 40+ years later – reading more than ever.
The foreign language labs were similar. You listened to the tapes and answered questions – all on your own. Raise your hand if you were 100% faithful to the assignment.
Ellen T Klock
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“Teachmart”
The writing’s on the screen
For online learning scheme
With teacher as the aid
Like Walmart, barely paid
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http://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20141123/huguenot/staten-island-high-school-switches-all-classwork-tests-ipads
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From the article:
“When we hire, we don’t look for education degrees, the last thing I want is someone with an education degree because they don’t know anything. I try to hire people who have degrees in the actual field.”
WOW! is all I can say! (and it’s not a good wow).
Let’s make sure everyone is monitored every moment of their life. It’s sooo efficient.
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That’s right Duane, expertise is nice to have, but just because YOU know the material doesn’t mean you can actually TEACH it to others.
Been there, know better.
Ellen T Klock
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This is worth looking at. Edited for length
BOULDER, CO (Nov. 24, 2014) – The use of computers in the classroom – or even instead of classrooms – has generated renewed enthusiasm in influential circles. Advocates of significantly advancing the practice often refer to greater reliance on computer-based learning as “Personalized Instruction.”
There is little evidence that marrying digital technology to education has changed schooling for the better, according to a new policy brief published today by the National Education Policy Center (NEPC).
The reasons: nor clear definition or model. …“Computers are now commonplace in the classroom, but teaching practices often look similar, as do learning outcomes,”
“After more than 30 years,…Large-scale studies, including meta-analyses, of Personalized Instruction programs “show mixed results ranging from modest impacts to no impact.”…So-called blended instruction programs, make use of traditional classroom teaching..and ..computer, including online elements. Blended learning done well, he notes, is more expensive than traditional education – undermining the frequent claim that computerized instruction can help achieve significant fiscal savings.
In light of the growing interest – yet lack of evidence to support – sweeping changes in schooling that would rely on digital media, Enyedy offers a series of recommendations for policymakers and researchers:
Much more research is needed in the K-12 education context, because the evidence primarily cited is extrapolated from research involving undergraduate students and in the professions, “where developmental and motivational factors differ,”
Find Noel Enyedy’s report, Personalized Instruction: New Interest, Old Rhetoric, Limited Results, and the Need for a New Direction for Computer-Mediated Learning, on the web at:
http://nepc.colorado.edu/publication/personalized-instruction
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When machines are considered more knowledgeable and more important than people, we are in deep doo doo.
Our foreign language department decades ago tried using computers to let students “progress at their own rate”. For whatever reason it did not work then. PERHAPS that has changed
BUT
is “knowledge” more important than wisdom? Can machines impart a love of wisdom or an accumulation of knowledge, knowledge as defined by corporate ideals, not human ideals? Are the world’s problems now primarily ones of lack of knowledge or a lack of wisdom in utilizing that knowledge, a lack of knowledge or a lack of integrity, a love for ALL of God”s, Natures – whatever term best fits your thinking – creation? Can a machine instill awe in viewing the awesome wonder of what Nature, God – again – whatever best fits one’s belief system better than human to human. Do we believe in human intelligence or “artificial intelligence”?
Whatever, we best think carefully before we answer.
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“…is “knowledge” more important than wisdom?”
H-m-m-m…
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