Paul Thomas reminds us that poverty is destiny if we do nothing about it.

Finland figured this out and it has a strong system of social protections for children and families.

If we keep expecting schools to close the achievement gap by testing more, by adopting higher standards, by closing schools with low test scores, by evaluating teachers by test scores, and by offering carrots and sticks to teachers, we are deluded.

To make sure that poverty is not destiny, we have to take concrete steps to improve the lives of children and families.