Archives for category: Bloomberg, Michael

Mayor Bloomberg prides himself on being data-driven. And he has certainly turned the public schools into data-obsessed institutions. Test scores rule all decisions. Accountability matters more than anything else.

One of the proudest achievements of Mayor Bloomberg and former Chancellor Joel Klein was the adoption of report cards for schools, with a single letter grade for each school. Unfortunately, the latest report cards show that the Mayor’s reforms have failed. The Mayor decreed that any school that received an F or a D or three consecutive years of a C is a failing school. After a solid decade in which the schools were controlled solely by the mayor, more than a quarter of the schools are “failing schools.”

By any measure, ten years should be enough to prove that your strategies have worked. But failure continues, year after year, with no victory in sight.

As we see in the following post by a New York City data analyst, New York City’s public schools continue to show dramatic disparities along lines of poverty and disability and language. And large numbers of schools, by the city’s own data, are failing.


How can we improve schools if we refuse to tell the truth?
The recent release of school report card grades in New York City provides another opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of educational initiatives in the nation’s largest school system. As this is the New York City’s Department of Education’s own data it would seem reasonable to expect that the mayor and his education appointees would use it to evaluate whether or not the things they are doing work.
So what does their data tell us about charter schools? What does it tell us about whether or not New York City’s schools are getting better? Are schools who educate the city’s neediest students getting the support they need? Are the reforms in New York City working? Are the people who run the system willing to accept what their own data is telling them? Or does dogma rule. Let’s look at the facts.
1) What does the Department of Education’s own public data tell us about charter schools in New York City?
Here is the data:
Charter Schools Non-Charter Public Schools
% of special education students 14.2 18.1
% of special education students in “resource room” 5.8 4.4
% of special education students with intermediate needs 3.9 5.9
% of special education students with the greatest needs 2.1 7.7
% of English Language Learners 6.0 14.1
Economic need index .63 .67

What it says:
Charter schools in New York City are not serving the same population as New York City schools overall and certainly not the same population as the other schools in the needy districts they initially opened in. And they are definitely not educating students with the most needs. They serve fewer students with disabilities, fewer English Language Learners, a more economically advantaged population and fewer of the highest needs students. Recent research has shown that charter schools in New York City have a tendency to use suspension and other means to get rid of challenging students. So why does the mayor insist on claiming that charter schools are putting non-charter public schools to shame? Why do his educational appointees repeat the same tired lines? Do they not know that their own data shows that charter schools are not serving the neediest students? Or will they insist of touting charter school no matter what the facts say?
Whatever the answer is, as citizens we must acknowledge that the neediest students deserve an education too and schools that work with such students should not be shamed publicly for taking on the challenge.

2) What does the Department of Education’s own public data tell us about tell us about schools that work with the neediest students?
Here is the data:
Poorest 20 Schools Richest 20 Schools
Average % of students proficient in English 30 88.6
% of students proficient in English in
lowest school in category 8 79.9
% of students proficient in English in
top school in category 59.4 99.5
Average % of students proficient in Math 45.7 91.9
% of students proficient in Math in
lowest school in category 21.4 80.4
% of students proficient in Math in
top school in category 61.8 100

What does it say?
The lowest performing rich school has a 20% higher level of students scoring proficient on the New York State English test than the highest performing poor school. The lowest performing rich school has an almost 20% higher level of students scoring proficient on the New York State Math test than the highest performing poor school.
Although the mayor and his appointees in education insist that poverty is irrelevant their own data suggest that it isn’t. Although they claim that there are schools that prove that poverty is irrelevant their own data shows that the highest performing poor schools don’t even come close to the lowest performing rich schools. This does not mean that we should throw up our hands in despair. What it does mean is that the mayor and his education appointees need to face reality and take ownership of and responsibility for the situation. They need to fund poor schools, at the very least, at the same level as the rich schools. Right now they are giving the rich schools more money than the poor schools. They also refuse to look at what needs to happen inside and outside of schools to help them meet the needs of students from challenging circumstances. They would rather refuse to admit the facts that their own data reveals. Why? Is it because it is easier for them to deny the truth? Is it because they have no idea what to do?

3) What does the Department of Education’s own public data tell us about tell us about the last 10 years of education reform in New York City?
The Data (New York City grades schools on a curve so the number of grades in each category in a single year are predetermined):
23 schools got Fs

80 schools got Ds

114 schools got Cs or lower for each of the past 3 years

3 schools got As that got Fs last year

12 schools got As that got Ds last year

8 schools got Bs that got Fs last year

16 schools got Bs that got Ds last year

6 schools got Cs that got Fs

Roughly 40 other schools got Ds or Fs in one of the 2 years prior to this one, but did not get a C or lower 3 years in a row.

What does it say?
Based on the New York City Department of Education’s own method of school evaluation over 25% of their schools have been deemed failures and worthy of closure (not including schools they are already closing). Of course, although the mayor and his educational appointees swear that the school report card grades are accurate they must know otherwise. After all, they haven’t attempted to close a quarter of all New York City schools!
They claim that the school grades are steady from year to year and point out that only 14% of schools moved more than one grade this year. Of course, since there are only 5 possible grades that doesn’t mean very much. It is like a teacher telling a student “your test grades have held steady between 30% and 90%.”
They give 60% of schools A or B grades but only 10% of schools have 75% or more of their students reading on grade level.
Again we wonder if they know their own data or refuse to acknowledge it for other reasons. Is it easier for them to assign grades with little underlying meaning than to help schools improve?

Juan Gonzalez of the New York Daily News is appalled at the steadily shrinking proportion of black and Hispanic students in the city’s elite exam high schools:

He writes:

In 1999, three years before Michael Bloomberg became mayor, black students comprised 24% of the student body at Brooklyn Tech. This year, the percentage of black students has plummeted to 10%.

Stuyvesant’s student body was nearly 13% black in 1979; it then dropped to 4.8% by 1994; this year it’s an atrocious 1.2%.

Only 1.4% of students offered admission to Stuyvesant this year (13 of 937) were Latino, even though Latinos comprise 40% of all public school eighth-graders and were 21% of students who took the specialized high school test.

Our mayor, Michael Bloomberg, who so often boasts of reducing the racial achievement gap in education, sees absolutely nothing wrong with this picture.

His first schools chancellor, Joel Klein, actually extended the same test to determine admission to five more top city high schools, with similar results.

“Stuyvesant and these other schools are as fair as fair can be,” Bloomberg said. “You pass the test, you get the highest score, you get into the school no matter what your ethnicity, no matter what your economic background is.”

The mayor would have you believe it is all about merit, which even my 13-year-old knows is nonsense.

He acts as if the giant test prep industry isn’t raking in billions of dollars precisely to offer anyone with enough cash a leg up on the rest of the city’s children.

……Asked about this, Bloomberg reacted with his typical rich man’s arrogance.

“Life isn’t always fair,” he told a City Hall reporter. “I don’t know how you would take away the right to get tutoring.”

….It’s time our school system stop glorifying the best-trained test takers and start nurturing great students.dmitted to the city’s elite examination high schools.

Admission to New York City’s elite high schools is determined by one test and one test only. As a result of this policy, few black or Hispanic students are admitted to these schools. Diversity has dropped sharply in the past several years.

Civil rights groups are suing the city.

Consider these startling facts:

“Although 70 percent of the city’s public school students are black and Hispanic, a far smaller percentage have scored high enough to receive offers from one of the schools. According to the complaint, 733 of the 12,525 black and Hispanic students who took the exam were offered seats this year. For whites, 1,253 of the 4,101 test takers were offered seats. Of 7,119 Asian students who took the test, 2,490 were offered seats. At Stuyvesant High School, the most sought-after school, 19 blacks were offered seats in a freshman class of 967.”

Imagine that: Only 19 black students in a class of 967.

At a news conference, Mayor Bloomberg said that the exam schools are “designed for the best and the brightest” and he saw no reason to change the policy or state law that permits it.

Yesterday, I posted an article about growing income inequality in New York City. This morning, I posted an editorial from Bloomberg News claiming that the Census Bureau was overstating the extent of poverty by not counting transfers like food stamps.

A reader sent this story, which should remind us that it is no picnic to be poor in America.

Let me add a personal note. I am not poor. I have never been poor. But I hope I never reach a point when I stop caring about others less fortunate than I. I hope I never become so hard-hearted that I say, like some others do now, that the poor don’t know how lucky they are, or that poverty is just an excuse for bad teachers, or that fixing schools (by privatizing them or firing their teachers) will fix poverty. Or that we don’t know how to end poverty so we shouldn’t do anything about it.

I think it is shameful that so many people live in desperate poverty in the richest nation in the world. I think it is shameful that so many children come to school hungry and so many families are homeless. I think it is shameful that we have so many billionaires. I don’t know how to reorganize the tax code. It doesn’t seem fair if it produces the society we have now, where some people struggle to survive while others count their yachts and helicopters. Something’s wrong with that.

Remember the story in yesterday’s New York Times that described the increase in income inequality in New York City? That’s the one that said that the gap between the richest quintile and the poorest quintile has not only grown but is one of the largest in the world, putting us in the same league as countries like Namibia.

Well, there is good news from Mayor Bloomberg’s own publishing house. Poverty is really not so bad in the U.S. because the Census Bureau didn’t count all the benefits and transfers that the poor get. So when you read that someone is subsisting on $8,844 a year, don’t forget that they get food stamps! And an earned income tax credit. And so many other freebies. Don’t you feel better already?

Just by coincidence, Forbes published its annual listing of the richest people in the world. It is here: http://www.forbes.com/billionaires/#p_1_s_a0_All%20industries_All%20countries_All%20states_

Mayor Bloomberg is not all that rich. He is #20 on the list with $22 billion.

Everything is relative.

While the billionaires and multi-millionaires wring their hands over the public schools and promise to end poverty by testing kids and their teachers, there is a back story.

The back story is that income inequality is growing worse in America. And nowhere is it more blatant and more outrageous than in New York City, the very epicenter of faux education reform.

While the mayor and his three chancellors have expanded the number of charter schools, increased testing and demanded value-added assessment of teachers and waged war against tenure and seniority, the income gap between the rich and poor has become a wide chasm.

An article in the New York Times today says that the poverty rate is at its highest point in a decade.

And get this:

“Median income for the lowest fifth was $8,844, down $463 from 2010. For the highest, it was $223,285, up $1,919.

“In Manhattan, the disparity was even starker. The lowest fifth made $9,681, while the highest took home $391,022. The wealthiest fifth of Manhattanites made more than 40 times what the lowest fifth reported, a widening gap (it was 38 times, the year before) surpassed by only a few developing countries, including Namibia and Sierra Leone.”

Do the reformers still believe that we can fix the schools first, then turn our attention to poverty? Or that if we fix the schools, then poverty will take care of itself? Yes, they do. Do they have any evidence that any of this will happen? No.

The economic policies of the past decade have been very very good for the very very rich. Not good at all for the other end of the spectrum.

The New York City Department of Education decided to kill John Dewey High School in Brooklyn a few years ago. John Dewey (ironic name, no?) had long been considered one of the city’s best non-selective high schools.

When the city began creating small schools and closing large schools, it had to find a place to dump low-performing students so that the small schools would appear successful. So John Dewey became a dumping ground for students unwanted by the new small high schools, which the Bloomberg administration treated as the jewel in its crown.

As more students were assigned to Dewey who were far behind their grade level in basic skills or who have special needs, Dewey’s scores began dropping. Soon Dewey was classified as a failing school.

The teachers fought to protect the school, but it was a losing battle. In this article, read how the city has stripped the school of AP courses, electives, foreign languages, etc., and the graduation rate dropped. As the school was picked apart, enrollment fell, and teachers were laid off. This is a death spiral created by the NYC Department of Education. This year’s school opening was marked by scheduling confusion, not only at Dewey, but other so-called “turnaround” schools that are locked in a legal battle over when and if they will get the “turnaround” treatment (meaning, will the staff be fired and the school closed).

It is a war of attrition, and the administration will win.

Next time you hear a story about the “success” of New York City’s small high schools, remember John Dewey High School.

A reader sent this today:

Interview of Chris Hedges today by Amy Goodman.  Opens with comments on Chicago teacher strike, as excerpted below:
 

CHRIS HEDGES: Well, you know, the tactic is clear. And, you know, the secretary of education, Duncan, is behind it. And that is essentially the stripping away of—you know, of qualified teachers. We’re watching it in New York. You know, the mayor of New York is very much a part of this effort. The assault on the New York City teachers’ union is as egregious as the assault against the Chicago Teachers Union.

And it really boils down to the fact that we spend $600-some billion a year, the federal government, on education, and the corporations want it. That’s what’s happening. And that comes through charter schools. It comes through standardized testing. And it comes through breaking teachers’ unions and essentially hiring temp workers, people who have very little skills. This is what Teach for America is about. They teach by rote, and they earn nothing. There’s no career.

http://www.democracynow.org/2012/9/11/chris_hedges_on_9_11_touring

 

Peter Goodman is one of the most astute observers of education in New York City.

His blog “Ed in the Apple” is a must-read for education buffs.

In this one, he says that the Department of Education puts more emphasis on burnishing the Mayor’s education reputation than on actually solving any problems.

The Mayor has had unlimited control of the city’s public schools for a full decade. No one could challenge his decisions. The laughable “board” rubber stamps whatever he wants.

He has relied on two strategies only: testing and choice.

He has closed over 100 schools, opened hundreds of small schools, and to the extent possible, eliminated neighborhood schools. Every parent is supposed to be a smart shopper.

The mayor’s PR machine works overtime. Every initiative is a success the day it is announced. When the initiative disappears, it happens quietly without press releases. Test scores went through the roof, until they collapsed in 2010 after the state admitted score inflation. At that time, the New York Times pointed out that there was no change in the black-white achievement gap over the previous eight years.

Data rules, except when it doesn’t.

The graduation rates have gone up but 80% of the city’s graduates who apply to the city’s community colleges require remediation in basic skills.

The Mayor’s one-man reign comes to an end in 2013 unless he anoints his successor and pours millions into his or her campaign coffers.

The Mayor is generally well-liked but parents don’t approve of his education policies, and voters are ready for him to ride off into the sunset.

The one thing he has proved beyond dispute is that a full 10 years of “reform” based on testing, choice and school closings does not improve education or the lives of children.

A reader in New York City who studies data carefully has analyzed the latest reports from the state accountability system, which identifies the “best” and the “worst” schools. He finds that the most affluent schools will win “rewards,” and the schools that enroll the neediest students are marked for punishment, not for support.

The coming days will see much more detailed analysis of the new New York State accountability system for public schools. Yes, there is yet another system now in place. Gone are the days of “In Need of Improvement” “Corrective Action” and “Restructuring.” Now we have “Focus” (bad) “Priority” (very bad) and “Reward” (good).

What do the just released new lists tell us about education in New York City?

Although denied time and again by our education bureaucrats, these lists show that not enough is being done to support the schools that serve students from underprivileged backgrounds. Many of the districts in NYC (districts 1, 4, 7, 8, 9, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, 32) had not a single “reward” school.  No surprise, these are some of the poorest districts in the city.

On the other hand, affluent districts ended up with lots of “reward” schools. The two wealthiest districts in NYC  (as measured by the % of students eligible to receive free or reduced price lunch) are 26 in Queens and 31 in Staten Island. Staten Island has only “reward” and no “priority” or “focus” schools.  District 26 in Queens has 6 “reward” schools and 1 “priority” school. The reward schools are all elementary and middle schools that serve local students. The priority school is a high school that serves students from all over the city.

But surely that means that some very poor districts have some excellent “reward” schools? Not really. The “reward” schools in such districts are all specialized schools, either special gifted and talented elementary schools or screened middle schools or high schools that students must test into. In district #10 in the Bronx, the only “reward” schools are the Bronx High School of Science and the High School of American Studies at Lehman. The demographics of these schools do not reflect the demographics of the district. Other such districts include districts 5, 6, 11, and 13.

The lesson: If schools want to get a “reward,” they should screen their students prior to entry.

In fact, in 16 of the 17 New York City High Schools on the “reward” list, students are screened or tested prior to entry. Only a single high school, The Academy of Finance and Enterprise in Queens, on the list is unscreened. Might this school serve as an exemplar for other schools? Not really, because this school appears to screen out students AFTER entry. As the table below shows there is a suspicious pattern of the graduating class size diminishing over time. This has gotten better over the years, perhaps because some of the more challenging students in the neighborhood no longer apply to this school as they know they will be moved out quickly.

Graduation cohort # of students entering 9th grade # of students graduating 12th grade % of students removed from cohort
2010-11 125 103 17.6%
2009-10 123 85 30.9%
2008-09 109 72 34%

A recent story in the New York Post described how the Bronx Health Sciences High School, an “A” rated high school in New York City, expelled numerous students to make their numbers look better. Where do these students go? Maybe they end up in the “priority schools.”

A recent analysis has shown that districts in New York State with priority and focus schools fund schools at much lower levels than districts with schools that are in good standing. That analysis excluded New York City.

An examination of the funding of the “reward” schools in New York City reveals that they receive over 100% of the formula the city uses to calculate how much money to give schools. To place this in context a Daily News article reported that  “The 24 so-called “turnaround schools” — where the city unsuccessfully moved to ax half the staff — are underfunded by more than $30 million combined, more than 10% of their overall current budgets.”

Of course, all 24 turnaround schools are on the ”priority” list. Never mind that they serve the city’s neediest students.  They enroll double the city average of the neediest students with disabilities. It doesn’t matter to the New York City Department of Education that these highly stressed schools have a graduation rate of students with high quality (i.e. Regents or Advanced Regents as opposed to the more basic “local” diploma) diplomas that is better than the average for schools serving similarly situated students. 

The New York City Department of Education penalizes schools that serve students who need the most support. Education bureaucrats are making deliberate decisions to underfund schools that need the most support. The education bureaucrats will blame the schools, the teachers, and the school administrators.

There is one thing we know they won’t do. They will not look at what the data is telling them. They will not figure out what supports students need to succeed. They will not provide the resources and support these students need and deserve. They will not develop a system of school evaluation that is fair. They will not stop sending the most challenging students to only some schools. They will not fund schools fairly. They will not provide schools serving disadvantaged students with additional social workers, guidance counselors, attendance and family workers so that teachers are not expected to play all these roles and teach as well. They will not provide schools with curriculum and programs that have been shown to work for disadvantaged students. They will not support schools and help them improve. Is it because they don’t know how to do these things? Or because they don’t care to?

This is the true civil rights issue of our time.