Peter Goodman takes up the challenge that I put down a while back in a post about why we need standardized testing in every grade for every child.
It is worth noting that to my knowledge we are the only nation in the world that insists on testing every child from grade 3-8, and we have very little to show for it. Even if test scores went up, that wouldn’t mean that children are better educated. It means that we did a better job of test prep and teaching to the test. What happens to imagination and creativity when children are tested nonstop for years, given the instruction that every question has a right answer and only one right answer? None of us knows, but I doubt that it is good.
Peter notes that Regents tests have been around since the 1880s, but they were not required of every student until fairly recently, when New York Commissioner Rick Mills had the bright idea that no one should get a diploma unless he or she could pass five Regents exams. The exams were made simpler, to be sure; if the standards were kept high, most students would never finish high school.
Peter offers a number of examples of alternatives, all worth considering. The New York Performance Consortium does not administer the state exams, and their students do well in terms of high school graduation, college admission, and persistence in college.
Sometimes I wonder how my generation ever managed to acquire an education, since we almost never took standardized tests. The schools trusted our teachers to test us, using their own tests.
The only purpose of standardized tests is to compare students, to give them a ranking and a rating, but not to provide any information whatever about what they know and what they don’t know.
I said the standardized tests today are utterly useless because they provide no diagnostic information.
When my children were young, I never found out how they compared to other children. I got written reports from their teachers about their performance, where they were strong, and where they needed to work harder. I thought that was more than enough. Why are we so obsessed with comparing students in New York to students in other states? Do you care? If you do, there is NAEP, which gives you all the comparisons you need.

Teachers KNOW BEST, not tests.
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Well, I would say that ‘teachers know better’. The teacher (being a human) sees far more than a test scored by a machine. And, yet, the teacher’s is only one (somewhat informed) opinion. As a former teacher, I would hope that my ‘word’ was taken into consideration, but not raised to the level of TRUTH.
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John, I wonder if the teaching algorithms from autocratic, for-profit corporations will catch that look on a student’s face or in their eyes that says they are in need of an intervention. When I was teaching, when I saw that look, I did something about it.
For instance, one of my students was seriously thinking about suicide and I told her closest friends to keep an eye on her because I was worried about her. This girl was an A student and it wasn’t like her to be like that. Her friends did more than keep an eye on her. They glued themselves to her day and night. That was when she was a 9th grader in high school. When she was a senior getting ready to graduate, she wrote me a note and thanked me for saving her life. She wrote that if I hadn’t talked to her closest friends, they wouldn’t have been there for her like they were to stop her from taking her life.
Then there was the 10th-grade boy who was almost gang raped by three men on his way to school. He was at best a D student.
One day, the moment he walked in the room, I knew something was wrong from the shocked look in his eyes. I called him aside, but he wouldn’t tell me anything so I called his girlfriend who was in one of my other classes and she found out. Between us we got him to go see his high school counselor and she helped him sort it out.
These are just two of many factual stories. I’m convinced that many teachers do the same thing several times a year if not more.
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Why are we (they – the corporate education reformers) so obsessed with comparing students in New York to students in other states?
Because those tests profit private sector corporations and the already wealthy that worship at the altar of avarice, and the flawed results of those tests are also used as alternative facts (manufactured lies) that support religious and/or political agendas to support the creationist theory that everything was created in a few days 6,000 years ago; to destroy the public sector and labor unions.
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Tech sales. It doesn’t matter what happens with the tests as long as money is funneled from Main St. School to Wall St. coffers. Students may or may not have asked questions of a teacher, a forced, gag ordered test proctor I may or may not know very well of the computer based tests.
“Why did my test jump from question 9 to 16? What happened to 10 to 15?”
“What is this question asking?”
(Crying) “Why isn’t my [extended writing] answer that I wrote yesterday still there today?”
“Why can’t I start this section today and finish it tomorrow? Why do I have to just sit here for 20 minutes waiting for the bell before I go on?”
(Crying) “Why did iTunes have to pop open just now, locking me out of the test and deleting my whole essay?”
“What is this question asking me to do?”
“What does this [obscure] word in the directions mean?”
“Why do we have to wait a week before we go back to this section?”
“Why is this so boring?”
“What does this mean?”
“Why do we have to do this?”
“Why?”
“Why?”
Why?
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Oh, and, “Why can’t I click on the right answer?”
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Lord Acton (1834 – 1902) answered the why.
“Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.
History is not a burden on the memory but an illumination of the soul.
The issue which has swept down the centuries and which will have to be fought sooner or later is the people versus the banks.”
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As a parent, I sit down and talk to my children’s teachers at least twice per year at parent-teacher conferences about their work in school, and receive regular updates about their academic, social and musical development.
I check their homework, help them with projects and talk to them about their studies every day.
I can check their grades online any time of the day or night.
I attend their soccer games, band concerts, piano recitals, and school events, so that I know not just what they are doing, but have the chance to meet their friends and their friends’ parents–many of whom have become good friends.
As a teacher, I engage in continuous formative assessment, tracking my students’ progress as learners, and using the information gathered to improve my practice as a teacher.
I provide formal and informal updates on my students’ development, and offer mentoring and guidance whenever asked–and often when not asked.
I know my students as persons–their strengths and challenges, their goals, their aspirations–and am fully committed to helping them achieve their dreams.
Why would I need standardized tests to tell me anything about my children, or my students when I already know so much about them?
The only purpose for these tests is to evaluate teachers and schools–even though we know that these tests are neither valid or reliable for those specific purposes–and to make millions of dollars in profits for the corporations that develop them.
Stop the madness. Let kids learn. Let teachers teach.
Pull the plug on standardized testing.
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Why would you need portfolios either? As you have said, mrobmsu, you track both your own children and your students on an ongoing basis. I looked at the performance task samples and did not see anything different than what we did fifty plus years ago when I was in school. Of course that was in the days before learning was judged by multiple guess questions. We were expected to actually know the information rather than just recognize it from an array of choices. The push to create numeric rankings/ratings had narrowed the way we teach and assess to fulfill the demand for data.
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In Michigan, the new state superintendent has suggested that our state test should begin as early as Kindergarten: “Students would begin taking the exam in kindergarten, with what he described as “age-appropriate” material in English language arts and math. The SAT would remain part of the high school examination.”
http://www.freep.com/story/news/education/2016/04/20/mstep-michigan-eliminate-whiston/83271512/
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That is horrible. What is age-appropriate reading and math for kindergartners. The SAT should not be part of the high school examination. It is a norm referenced test, designed to fail a certain proportion, and correlated with family income.
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Absolutely!
Before the SAT was mandated, our public high school students took ACT as part of the annual standardized testing requirements.
The school I worked for within the Detroit Public Schools even paid a company to come in and show the staff how to align curriculum to the “ACT Standards”. In essence, all they did was tell us which ACT standard to focus on and the rest of the math content was thrown out.
I fought against this. Basically, it didn’t matter which math course a student enrolled in. “ACT Standards” were the focus. Geometry meant learning algebra to pass algebra on ACT, and ACT Geometry of course. Algebra 2 was more review of ACT geometry and algebra concepts. And let’s not even talk about our “Algebra 1” course.
The worst part of it all is that this company required us to test our students every quarter to ensure our students were “mastering” these ACT standards. They used it mainly to compare the teachers. If students had low level of “mastery”, it was required that the standards were taught again. Not as supplemental, but as the focus of the course.
I said “screw this” and I taught actual math content. Well, needless to say, my students performed fine on these standardized tests. In fact, my honors and other high performing classes actually performed best compared to other schools who also were working with this company.
This company took it a step above just ranking teachers in the same school. They compared school to school. Ugh.
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We should rank state superintendents/commissioners.
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There is no scale that goes that low!
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Standardized tests are fairly useless in helping students, and helping students should be what all schools aspire to do. I taught for many years without standardized tests. My school district was working on a portfolio system of assessment when NCLB arrived. Alternatives to standardized tests got lost in most districts in the “accountability craze” that has dominated the public discussion since. It is unfortunate because examining student work in highly informative and authentic. With the advent of computers, assessment has become far more behavioristic and less thoughtful and thought provoking. When my own children attended college, I was shocked that they didn’t know what “blue books” were, and they had a lot fewer papers to write than I did. I did take some standardized tests during my own education. I was a good test taker, but these tests did not do much to make me think. I learned a great deal more from extensive reading, writing and thinking.
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https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2017/04/18/history-journal-apologizes-assigning-review-book-urban-education-and-inequality
http://www.sorrywatch.com/2017/04/20/sorry-we-assigned-a-racist-to-review-your-book/
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Here is a revolutionary idea… we could just start trusting teachers to assess students.
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PLEASE… I WANT TO THROW UP ,when such a question is posed.
The question posed makes me realize the extent of the propaganda war that has ended public education, but removing the professional staff.
IN 1995 I was the NYC cohort for the PEW FUNDED research on PERFORMANCE STANDARDS.
The PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING, (based on Lauren Resnick’s hypothesis, which Harvard adopted for the research)
Click to access challengestandards.pdf
were at the core of the research, which the staff developers from the LRDC (LEARNING & RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CENTER) AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH used to determine IF LEARNING was occurring.
They visited 20,000 classrooms in 12 districts (of the 15,880 in the nation) and matched the performance of the kids to the principles that said THEY WERE LEARNING! Mine was one of these, the cohort in NYC! Otherwise, I would not know that this
I have the final performance standards for every subject an grade,in my possession, huge volumes that show exactly how to EVALUATE LEARNING by comparing performance from Sept to June.
I WANTED TO BRING THEM TO THE NPE, last year, to demonstrate the there were real PRINCIPLES FOR LEARNING
Who can evaluate the little humans who sit infant of them for 10 months?
Who evaluates a patient who sits in a doctor’s office.
Who decides if little johnny, maria and leroy can read or write better than when they entered?
Hmmm. Why, it is the PROFESSIONAL-PRACTITIONER, the teacher…
LO & BEHOLD my students (who were at the top of all NYC ‘tests) performed in ways that matched every single standard for performance.
So, you ask, where are the results of this billion dollar research?
Why, they evaporated when the BUSH NCLB act or the TKTSIAF– test the kids to see if the teachers are failing,) was pushed front and center.
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The most recent results from the NAEP tests in the visual arts and in music are in, but for grade 8 students only. I have not looked at the results, but the press reports say the scores are not very different from the last test, about a decade ago. The background questions on the NAEP tests and secondary analyses of the data are usually the most interesting features of these tests.
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From the article:
“If teaching a student to be literate and numerate is the “best education” we have to set benchmarks and some method of measuring if students are reaching benchmarks.”
The term benchmark is synonymous with standards. Noel Wilson has has proven that all the onto-epistemological errors and falsehoods involved in the making of educational standards render the concept false, bankrupt and completely invalid. See his never refuted nor rebutted 1997 seminal discussion “Educational Standards and the Problem of Error” found at: http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/article/view/577/700
Now when it comes to the “measuring of students”, it too is an onto-epistemological nightmare of falsehoods and error, of self-deception, and of logical insanity. Nothing is being measured (as the term is used in education these days-a supposed metrological guise to imply “scientific” precision and objectivity that is not and cannot ever be there)!
The most misleading concept/term in education is “measuring student achievement” or “measuring student learning”. The concept has been misleading educators into deluding themselves that the teaching and learning process can be analyzed/assessed using “scientific” methods which are actually pseudo-scientific at best and at worst a complete bastardization of rationo-logical thinking and language usage.
There never has been and never will be any “measuring” of the teaching and learning process and what each individual student learns in their schooling. There is and always has been assessing, evaluating, judging of what students learn but never a true “measuring” of it.
But, but, but, you’re trying to tell me that the supposedly august and venerable APA, AERA and/or the NCME have been wrong for more than the last 50 years, disseminating falsehoods and chimeras??
Who are you to question the authorities in testing???
Yes, they have been wrong and I (and many others, Wilson, Hoffman etc. . . ) question those authorities and challenge them (or any of you other advocates of the malpractices that are standards and testing) to answer to the following onto-epistemological analysis:
The TESTS MEASURE NOTHING, quite literally when you realize what is actually happening with them. Richard Phelps, a staunch standardized test proponent (he has written at least two books defending the standardized testing malpractices) in the introduction to “Correcting Fallacies About Educational and Psychological Testing” unwittingly lets the cat out of the bag with this statement:
“Physical tests, such as those conducted by engineers, can be standardized, of course [why of course of course], but in this volume , we focus on the measurement of latent (i.e., nonobservable) mental, and not physical, traits.” [my addition]
Notice how he is trying to assert by proximity that educational standardized testing and the testing done by engineers are basically the same, in other words a “truly scientific endeavor”. The same by proximity is not a good rhetorical/debating technique.
Since there is no agreement on a standard unit of learning, there is no exemplar of that standard unit and there is no measuring device calibrated against said non-existent standard unit, how is it possible to “measure the nonobservable”?
THE TESTS MEASURE NOTHING for how is it possible to “measure” the nonobservable with a non-existing measuring device that is not calibrated against a non-existing standard unit of learning?????
PURE LOGICAL INSANITY!
The basic fallacy of this is the confusing and conflating metrological (metrology is the scientific study of measurement) measuring and measuring that connotes assessing, evaluating and judging. The two meanings are not the same and confusing and conflating them is a very easy way to make it appear that standards and standardized testing are “scientific endeavors”-objective and not subjective like assessing, evaluating and judging.
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In my district, tests at the high school level are used to tell teachers, parents, and students if students are college and career ready! If the kids don’t get a certain score on PARCC, SAT, or Accuplacer (and some other tests), they can do a special project to be “college and career ready.” VOILA! Kids are ready for the world.
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“The difference is tests are now used to assess teacher, principal and school performance, and, the results are accountability based; meaning possible school closing and teacher ratings.”
Anyone who has taken a testing and assessment class should have been taught that to use a test for any other purpose than what it is designed is not only illogical and wrong but that it is PROFESSIONALLY UNETHICAL.
Using the results of a fifth grade math test for anything other than to explain what a particular student did on that particular test on the day of the test is to stretch and twist the results past the logical breaking point. And to do so is PROFESSIONALLY UNETHICAL. Unfortunately, the vast majority of educators (and policy makers) appear not to give a damn about breaching professional ethics in assigning other “meaning” to those test scores.
How the hell did we get to the point that teaching ethics are so blatantly ignored!?! How did we get to the point that we accept this unethical educational malpractice!?! Are the vast majority of educators really that cowed, that browbeaten, that intimidated into not understanding or ignoring this fundamental unethical aspect of such malpractices!?!
If I believed in a god I would say “May God rest their souls and have mercy on them when it comes time to meet their maker.”
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“What happens to imagination and creativity when children are… given the instruction that every question has a right answer and only one right answer? None of us knows, but I doubt that it is good.”
Really? “None of us knows”? Well, I think I know, because I have worked with young children and teachers for decades, and I have repeatedly seen what happens in environments where children are told there is only one right answer. Kids stop experimenting and no longer take risks, as they become laser focused on the one right answer. That promotes conformity, inhibits divergent thinking, quashes creativity and leads kids to mistrust their imaginations, at least in such academic settings.
As an example, I have repeatedly observed that when young children are taught early on in their development of emergent literacy skills that there is only one correct way to spell each word, many stop applying what they have learned about the sounds that letters represent and no longer try to sound out words using “invented spelling.” They become afraid of getting it wrong and want to be told what that one right way is, which slows down the writing process, moves away from using writing for expression and communication and turns the focus on being correct. That’s anathema to the tolerance for ambiguity that is needed to foster fluency, flexibility, originality and embellishment –components of creativity described by Torrance.
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I fought daily against “the right answer.” There was nothing that made my struggling students freeze up faster than the dreaded “right answer.” As much as I could my questions were designed for discussion. As soon as I announced that a question was an opinion question, the hands would go up. When I taught math, we did a lot of work on estimation. Even when we were looking for a definitive answer, in the ballpark answers were recognized. Few of my students were ever going to impress anyone with their standardized test scores, but I hoped that they gained some confidence in their ability to learn. As I got to know my students better and they began to trust me, I often asked how many of them thought they were stupid. The number of raised hands was not insignificant. I never asked the question at the end of the year. Maybe I should have, but I hope they all had felt what it is like to feel like they had something worth contributing.
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Standardized tests reinforce the notion that time is constant and learning is variable… which anyone who is the parent of more than one child knows is preposterous. It reinforces the age-based cohorts that were instituted in the early 1900s to make schools more efficient. We should abandon standardized summative tests and institute formative tests that provide teachers, parents, and students with a better understanding of their skills and knowledge, https://waynegersen.com/2017/05/01/un-grading-schools-to-make-performance-constant-time-variable/
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I agree with both Diane Ravitch and Peter Goodman. There are more beneficial ways of assessing a student’s performance than a standardized test, but unfortunately these methods are not being utilized. The real problem that Peter Goodman points out is “The difference is tests are now used to assess teacher, principal and school performance, and, the results are accountability based; meaning possible school closing and teacher ratings.” Why are the students having to suffer through these long, grueling tests when their performance is not even being critiqued? It is funny that Diane asks how her generation ever managed to get an education without taking standardized tests because at that time teachers were trusted to be teaching the students what they needed to know. I agree that students should not have to be assessed based on a written exam with multiple choice questions, but instead they should be assessed in a different way, a more performative way that actually demonstrates what they are learning or have already learned. These tests not only stress the students out, but the teachers as well and they already have enough to deal with on any given day. This aspect of the school system needs to be modified because it is draining the new influx of ideas that should be being implemented into the classroom to change education forever.
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