The Néw York Times has a terrific article about the importance of play in early childhood development. The article cites research on cognitive development to show that children eventually are better students if they learn through play rather than direct instruction.
The article points out that the Common Core standards do not reflect what cognitive scientists understand about how young children learn.
Didactic instruction for young children may actually harm their intellectual, social, and emotional development.
The author, David Kohn, writes:
“TWENTY years ago, kids in preschool, kindergarten and even first and second grade spent much of their time playing: building with blocks, drawing or creating imaginary worlds, in their own heads or with classmates. But increasingly, these activities are being abandoned for the teacher-led, didactic instruction typically used in higher grades. In many schools, formal education now starts at age 4 or 5. Without this early start, the thinking goes, kids risk falling behind in crucial subjects such as reading and math, and may never catch up.
“The idea seems obvious: Starting sooner means learning more; the early bird catches the worm.
“But a growing group of scientists, education researchers and educators say there is little evidence that this approach improves long-term achievement; in fact, it may have the opposite effect, potentially slowing emotional and cognitive development, causing unnecessary stress and perhaps even souring kids’ desire to learn.”
Do you think the promoters of the Common Core will listen?

“Do you think the promoters of the Common Core will listen?”
More interestingly, will the NYT listen to itself? The cognitive dissonance in publishing an article like this in the pages of one of the leading rephorm cheerleaders is headache-inducing.
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I am hoping we can get through the domain wars and the canon wars; Race to the Top re-ignited the “reading wars”…. if you have a student who has a specific need you might want to use a different approach or method. If we are always fighting about our own particular viewpoints or philosophy (as happens in the schools and teachers colleges) then we are not available with the energy to take on the juggernaut we are dealing with in federal policy. I accept “one size does not fit all”; and, I can accept that direct instruction is also useful and a necessary approach in some cases. (cf. research of Keith Stanovich for an example in teaching reading).
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Overall, young children learn best though their senses and exploration. When it comes to the teaching of reading, we need to provide flexible to groupings to best serve students’ needs. Many students benefit from small group or even individual instruction for part of their day, which may included direct instruction. Most students learn to read by reading, but some need more interventions. At least, this has been my experience.
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Unfortunately there’s a ready defense to this. They’ll simply say the Common Core wasn’t intended to be used that way in early grades.
We saw it with testing. While it was fairly obvious that excessive testing and test-driven school culture was driven by ranking teachers on tests, policy makers ignored this and blamed states and school districts for both the tests and the test-driven culture. It was just one more reason public schools suck- all that testing and test prep! Golly, no one could figure out where that culture came from!
The Common Core can’t fail. It can only BE failed by public schools, teachers, and even parents.
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Common Core has been purposely integrated into Connecticut’s Early Learning standards. No research, no foundation, just pushed into early learning, at the same time that legislators are calling for universal Pre-k. This will be a disaster.
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No. Because the people doing the planning and in support of Common Core are not teachers and know very little about child development.
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twinkie1cat: I remember observing a student teacher with a group of disabled chidden; it was a time for play with blowing bubbles and the student teacher learned about “successive approximations” as the different children experienced the play time; in a grand mom role it was easier for me to watch their play when they act and sing “go tell Aunt Rhodie” I think I’ve used that example here before…. and the child is “practicing” in the role of play ; or Hannah at age 4 who would leave her doll in the crib and go into the next room then rush hurriedly back to the doll : “Do you need me?” As a teacher I didn’t always see this need (even if it was in a textbook) but in the grand mom’s role it was watching while interacting at a distance…
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jean: My favorite sign was one I saw at a CTU rally–
“Kindergarten children should be blowing bubbles, not filling them in.”
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Plus, you cannot test block building skills and imaginative play. A child who has cerebral palsy might not physically be able to even stack 2 blocks yet have a full fledged castle inside his head. You really don’t know what is going on in a small child’s head and what is can vary by the day or even the hour. But we do know that children who have had a variety of life experience are better readers and writers.
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Wow, welcome back here, twinkie! Haven’t read your insightful comments here in a long time–too long.
You’re probably as overwhelmed/overworked/stressed out (that last, according to the AFT) as every other teacher these days. Glad you had some time to comment, though!
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Even in high school, students need to engage and explore. Common Core tells us what, when, and how to teach math. It demands direct instruction and a rigid, non-innovative approach to math. I do not teach math. Like my educational brethren from ELA to world language to music and all, I teach a way to think and view the world. I love math. If I can get a student to catch a glimpse of that beauty, I am happy. Common Core and PARCC are a hindrance to true learning.
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I would question one sentence that caught my attention that wasn’t supported by the rest of that paragraph, much less the article.
“Nevertheless, many educators want to curtail play during school.”
“Play is often perceived as immature behavior that doesn’t achieve anything,” says David Whitebread, a psychologist at Cambridge University who has studied the topic for decades. “But it’s essential to their development. They need to learn to persevere, to control attention, to control emotions. Kids learn these things through playing.”
Are there many educators who want to curtail play during school? Are there ANY educators who want to curtail play during school?
I suspect that it is those non-educator / supporters of the common core et al with little or no knowledge or concern for the consequences of their developmentally inappropriate actions and demands that are behind the move to curtail play during school.
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“Nevertheless, many educators want to curtail play during school.”
“Play is often perceived as immature behavior that doesn’t achieve anything,” says David Whitebread, a psychologist at Cambridge University who has studied the topic for decades. “But it’s essential to their development. They need to learn to persevere, to control attention, to control emotions. Kids learn these things through playing.”
I think there’s a substantial group of parents who want to curtail play. I hear it over and over where I live- unless they’re sitting at desks, working, there are a group of parents who believe teachers and students are goofing off and “not getting anything done”.
If you told these parents 4 year olds would be drilling with flash cards to give them an edge before they got to kindergarten they would be thrilled.
I think that has ot be recognized because it;s very real here.
It also applies to draconian punishments. There are parents who believe schools are much too lenient on removing kids from class. They feel their kids are put at a disadvantage by kids who disrupt or otherwise don’t conform. It is openly discussed and complained about where I live. My overall sense is the superintendent is always trying to reach some happy medium in terms of what can only be described as competing interests and clashes of the various child-raising theories of parents. That’s baked into “public”. It’s part of the deal.
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The research literature is ignored. This not just a case of reinventing the idea that constructive and imaginative “play” is vital through out childhood and into adult life as well. It is a case of studied and systematic purging from schools of anything that is not strictly academic in character, preferably text-based and received knowledge, transmitted in modules planned by others, even the modules introducing “real world” problems that may require some ingenuity and critical thinking. Education under the auspices of schools should have an academic component, but never be merely academic.
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The Latin word for school is the same as the word for game. (lūdus, lūdī m. a play; a play, game, diversion, pastime; public games, plays, spectacles, shows, exhibitions; Stage-plays; A place of exercise or practice, a school; Play, sport, mere sport, child’s play – from the Lewis and Short Latin Dictionary.) What is particularly interesting to me is that the school definition is pretty far down the list. We’ve come a long way from child’s play to rigor mortis.
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Could there be a connection between the reduction in play and exploratory time in early grades and the increase in ADD & other “learning disabilities”?…nah.
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The idea that play is critical not only for children but for adults as well is hardly new and hardly profound.
It’s actually obvious to anyone who has ever watched young children.
As Einstein said “Play is the highest form of research”
I suspect that one of the reasons people like David Coleman have such a warped (psychotic?) view of the world is that they were not allowed to play as children and had all enjoyment driven out of their childhood.
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“Play Is The Work of the Child,” Maria Montessori. People like Coleman subscribe to the old Latin school version of education. Read; recite; regurgitate. With this, you get a side order of embarrassment and humiliation.
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I love David Foster Wallace: his “trivium quadrivium”…… ”
David Foster Wallace mentioned the Trivium and the Quadrivium in Infinite Jest as the foundation of the curriculum at Enfield Tennis Academy. The Trivium/Quadrivium was (and still is) the classical liberal arts curriculum. This was how the young were taught to reason and communicate in the classical era and through the Middle Ages.” I think I heard there is a new D.F.W. film that is showing at Berkshire International Film Festival this monty; will have to check it out….
If I were a poet I would play with the language a big more…..
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Kids can’t “fail” at play. But kids CAN “fail” at Common Core. Then districts will surely need Bill Gates’ $oftware to get kids up to speed.
Could all this Common Core push have been about outperforming Apple since Microsoft has been in a slump and Gates and Jobs were always trying to outdo one another?
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Gates made his intentions quite clear back in 2009 in a speech to the National Council of State Legislatures
“When the tests are aligned to the common standards, the curriculum will line up as well—and that will unleash powerful market forces in the service of better teaching. For the first time, there will be a large base of customers eager to buy products that can help every kid learn and every teacher get better.”
Such standardization of students is actually geared toward software development. A standard that is effectively set in stone (Common Core is copyrighted) is the ideal for software companies like Microsoft and Pearson because it means they won’t have to make (and maintain) a lot of different (customized) software for all the different school districts in the US. Since the standard can not be changed by anyone but those who hold the copyright, software companies like MS can keep selling the same software for years with little or no added development cost.
Personally, I think those who don’t believe Gates had any business motive in this are being very naive. He can’t help being money driven.
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Wondering though if Gates has been scheming all along using public education as an excuse to get back at Apple.
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Thank you jeanhaverhill for the DFW reference. My favorite author and I was thinking of Infinite Jest also as I read this post concerning play. I will check out this film too.
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Timothy D… I guess it’s an interview with DFW….
“Friday, MAY 29 – PITTSFIELD OPENING NIGHT FILM AT THE BEACON CINEMA AND PARTY AT HOTEL ON NORTH. 5:30 PM – BIFF’s Opening Night in Pittsfield …..THE END OF THE TOUR, directed by James Ponsoldt, which also premiered at Sundance. THE END OF THE TOUR tells the story of the five-day 1996 interview between Rolling Stone reporter David Lipsky (Jesse Eisenberg) and acclaimed novelist David Foster Wallace (Jason Segel), which took place right after the 1996 publication of Wallace’s groundbreaking INFINITE JEST. Ironically, the interview was never published and the two men did not meet again. The film is based on Lipsky’s critically acclaimed memoir about this unforgettable encounter, written following Wallace’s 2008 suicide.” sorry if I misled you….
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in the halcyon days: (sorry to keep repeating myself) we were given a grant to implement the “Toys” program in greater Boston urban settings and we had trained individuals who would take a toy into the home…. it was based on Merle Karnes work: “To determine the relative effectiveness of different methods of preschool educational intervention comparisons were made of five programs whose levels of structure ranged from the traditional nursery school to a highly
structured preschool. Subjects were 79 children 4-year-olds representing a wide range of ability levels.Intervention effects were evaluated at the end of the preschool year and also,at the end of the first kindergarten year”” . Merle Karnes helped package a “toy lending library” that we implemented with children
under 3 years to find techniques to train mothers in home intervention. Now today, they would want you to speed that up and get the kids in the crib to take the test….
One effective use of this strategy is when nurses are able to go into the homes to work with newborns and moms who might have more than one child in the home at different ages (I’m pretty sure some of that was funded under Obama because I remember an M.D. talking abut it recently)….. What the policy makers never get is a message from the agricultural mode: “You can grow strawberries in March in Boston but at some expense”…. I’m not comparing our students to fruits and vegetables but they compare our kids to widgets without knowing anything about child development.
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The article mentions that in some other countries like Finland, formal schooling does not begin until age 7, but suggests that that would not work in the U.S. because working parents need school as day care. What is left out of the article is the fact that countries like Finland also subsidize play-based, developmentally appropriate day care, with teachers trained in early childhood education, for children younger than 7. The difference in the U.S. is not our shortage of stay-at-home parents, but our collective unwillingness to pay for appropriate social and exploratory learning experiences for younger children.
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I agree with your last statement. I don’t buy the argument that it couldn’t work in the US because of working parents. Children could still start elementary school at age 5, but K could be play-based.
Many moons ago, I attended public school and in grade K we played. I did not learn to read until first grade (easy readers).
However, I know many parents who expect their child to learn to read in K. This has been happening prior to CCSS. Many middle class parents I speak to expect their child to learn to read in K and complain their child is “bored” because their child isn’t learning anything new the first months of K. It never occurs to them that their child is bored from lack of play time.
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How ironic.. I don’t think there is a teacher out there that is not aware of this “revelation” and how necessary play is in early childhood. Play is learning and I would go so far as to say this sense of play and learning does not stop at the end of early childhood. In fact it should never stop! It is part of the inquiry process in learning so often. Common Core is abusive to early childhood learners (and I am not even addressing its failure on the rest of the student population). This article is “news”to the corporate “ed reformers” because they have no authentic professional education experience. If it is news to the public this is because “ed reformers” have told so many lies and disseminated so much harmful misinformation that it is now necessary to state the obvious to some of the public at large brainwashed by high end corporate PR. Ever wonder why middle and high school students have trouble working things out socially? These kids have not been allowed to “work things out” during play in early childhood classrooms or during recess time (time they have been denied). And this is just a start into this huge problematic issue!
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Having done my Masters Thesis on the value of recreation and play, it not only promotes learning but strongly promotes physical and mental health. Of course this leads to better thinking and higher 1st class or whole child achievement.
“A person’s brain actually shifts into high gear when he or she is physically active. Clearly, if students had the chance to exercise throughout the school day, learning would improve.” pg 142 Brainstorming Common Core; Lee
An added plus is reducing obesity.
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Reply to you, Cap Lee, & up to Dienne at the top:re: NYT “cognitive dissonance” & “reducing obesity.” Yes, everything that comes out of the mouths of the Obama Admin. & the press/media reeks of talking out of both sides of the mouths, While FLOTUS touts healthy eating & exercise to reduce obesity, POTUS promotes RT3, more testing/sitting at computers/less recess due to test prep. AND…testing. But–POTUS has also said–teachers should be free to teach, & shouldn’t test so much.
And so it goes…
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I got my child to read before he was even POTTY TRAINED! To see how I did it go here:
http://smartlifetips.org/2015/04/18/my-son-could-read-before-he-was-even-potty-trained-2/
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What a slacker parent you are!
http://www.babyplus.com/
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Let them be young! God knows most of us middle age and older adults would kill to be able to go back in time. And trust me we would not waste our time prepping for college entrance exams!
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Ed Secretary Peyser (MA) says teachers are not being helpful with Chester’s testing goals and Peyser doesn’t like the ” refrain” he is hearing ….. Come and see the child with symptoms: Trichotillomania…. test anxiety induces his symptom as reported by teacher this week– if you don’t know what that means , the child pulls out eyebrows one by one; I think of Miranda who has been in therapy for 6 years for cutting herself now faced with anxiety of MCAS tests to get into community college; and Joey whose twin died at birth and parents will keep him in kindergarten an extra year to avoid the DIBELS tests where passing scores have been raised to impossible levels for preschool/K; maybe in a year there will be more sensible policies? and, Jason seen at the clinic at U. Mass Medical in Worcester for hyperactivity and it boils down to anxiety specific to math tests– no medical condition. If you have time look into “The Teacher Wars” by Goldstein; she describes the “moral panic” of adults who are pushing these nonsensical policies because of austerity? or fear that China will overtake them? or something? Because they are not exercising leadership. That would be helpful if they would stop attacking the teachers. I know an administrator who tells me “children are resilient” but if they don’t learn resilience at the breakfast table and absorb it with their orange juice how is it going to come about? I get so angry at the bureaucrats and the mandarins who just have no knowledge or experience with developing children and these concerns… (I left this comment in 3 newspapers tonight; these are real students with names changed to protect privacy and they are not within the same radius so cannot be identified to punish there feckless parents and incompetent teachers)…. I sent it to the governor’s email so it will be on the hard drive in their computer.)
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I was told in a post observation conference that “free choice” (puzzles, drawing, coloring, blocks, dominoes) were MEANINGLESS… Because they were not assess.
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Diane, Can you contact me at bigfish344@hotmail.com . I have a friend…actually la friend of a former teammate who has written a book entitled “Before Black Lives Mattered” about the efforts of Tommie Smith, John Carlos and Lee Evans to make sense of the world of racism and athletics, particularly in and around the 1968 Olympic Games. He made a reference to Michelle Rhee, which I believe is highly inaccurate and is willing to make a correction if more accurate information can be confirmed. I thought I had saved your comments on Ms. Rhee, but can’t find anything in my voluminous files.Thank you. Joe Herzog, Fresno. ca >
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