Gary Rubinstein was one of the original members of Teach for America. He has been involved in TFA from the outset. However, he became a critical friend of TFA when he attended the corporate-funded 20th anniversary celebration, bringing together the leaders of the “reform movement” who were attacking the nation’s public schools and their teachers, closing public schools, and promoting charters. He saw a very different organization from the one he had joined two decades earlier. It had morphed into an arm of big business.
In this important post, he patiently explains to the new leaders of Teach for America why he strongly disagrees with the organization–beginning with their boasting about their results–and explains why they are on the wrong track.
He begins this way:
On February 12, 2013, founder and long time CEO of TFA, Wendy Kopp, stepped down. Two new co-CEOs were appointed, Elisa Villanueva-Beard and Matt Kramer. Elisa was a 1998 corps member and Matt had never taught. Both were working as very high administrative positions in TFA before this recent promotion.
I was pretty surprised by this announcement. I did not expect Wendy to ever not be the CEO of Teach For America. I was also puzzled that neither of the new co-CEOs were required to relocate to be near the national headquarters in New York City.
Over the past four months they have co-written three blog posts on the ‘Pass The Chalk’ site which had points of view that I definitely object to. The first was about a bogus study ‘proving’ that certain TFA teachers teach significantly more than their non-TFA counterparts (I analyzed that report here). The second was about a bogus interpretation of the recent NAEP gains ‘proving’ that corporate reform strategies are working (I wrote about NAEP ‘gains’ here). The third was about their support for the common core (Me and others have written a bunch about the problems with the common core).
Gary then writes an open letter to Matt and Elisa. It is a very strong letter, written by someone who understands Teach for America and knows its potential and its weaknesses. Gary has remained in teaching for many years and understands the challenges of teaching as Matt and Elisa do not.
Here are a few snippets: read the whole thing:
Based on what I’ve seen in this first year of your appointment, I am not encouraged that the issues I have with TFA are improving in any way. In your language and your writings I see the same kind of unsophisticated logic that I see in the rhetoric of people like Michelle Rhee and Steve Perry. Things about the ‘status quo’ and about the power of ‘raised expectations.’ As someone opposed to the kinds of strategies that Rhee and Perry promote, I know that my resistance has nothing to do with a desire to preserve the status quo, nor do I think that very many teachers have unreasonably low expectations for their students.
I have no particular attachment to the ‘status quo.’ But I’ve done a lot of research about what is now called ‘reform’ and I fight against it because I believe that it will, if permitted to gain momentum, make education in this country much worse. My prediction is that teachers will flee the profession even faster than they already do under the stress of the new brand of ‘accountability.’ And I’ve seen this start already in California where there are fewer teacher candidates to fill the vacancies. This will exacerbate if market-driven reform is not curbed. I think college students would be crazy to pursue teaching in this current anti-teacher climate. I’d wager that you are already seeing the effects of this, even among TFA corps members. A few years ago, the statistic was that 60% of TFA corps members taught for a third year. Recently I saw an article celebrating that South Carolina, I think, had about 40% stay for a third year. I believe that this is not going to be abnormal and you will see fewer TFAers stay beyond their two years. Teaching was already a pretty stressful job before the standardized test mania infected our schools. Now, for many, it is unbearable.
I do not believe in ‘low expectations.’ I also know that ‘high expectations’ is a very weak silver bullet. Expert teachers know how to set their expectations at an appropriate level to maximize student learning…
You recently penned a blog post in support of the controversial common core standards. Of course Randi Weingarten is one of the biggest common core cheerleaders in the country so it is not like you came out in favor of school closings, for instance. But still, it was interesting to me that you would take a side on this. What does it mean to be ‘for’ the common core? Does it mean that you wholeheartedly believe in the 7th grade math standard which states:
CCSS.Math.Content.7.NS.A.2a Understand that multiplication is extended from fractions to rational numbers by requiring that operations continue to satisfy the properties of operations, particularly the distributive property, leading to products such as (–1)(–1) = 1 and the rules for multiplying signed numbers. Interpret products of rational numbers by describing real-world contexts.
(Note: If you don’t know what they’re talking about, don’t worry. Most people don’t know that math majors in abstract algebra, during junior year of college, learn that rather than justifying that a negative times a negative is a positive, informally any number of ways, you learn that since -1 * 0 = 0, which means -1 * (-1+1) = 0 (since -1+1=0, additive inverse property) and then, by the distributive property (which says a * (b+c) = ab + ac) (-1) * (-1) + (-1)*1 = 0, but since 1 is the multiplicative identity, (-1)*(-1) – 1=0, but then if you add 1 to both sides, you get (-1)*(-1)=1, Q.E.D.)
Or do you just mean that you approve of school being more than just memorizing a bunch of shallow facts, but having opportunity for deep thought-provoking learning opportunities? If that’s what you mean, is is really necessary to spend billions of dollars on new textbooks and new ‘common core aligned’ assessments for this? Isn’t this the first thing we learned at the TFA institute (not you, Matt, but I’m sure you get the idea still), that we need to get kids to the higher levels of ‘Bloom’s Taxonomy’? Elisa, when you taught in Arizona did you not try to teach to a deep level because the common core had not been invented yet along with new assessments which would make sure you were accountable for getting your students to achieve that type of deep mastery of those standards?
One of my favorite sections of this long letter is where Gary suggests that TFA should adopt a value-added approach to its own organization and be prepared to shut down regions where there is high attrition of TFA recruits:
If you are so enamored with the strategies of Rhee, Daly, Huffman, White, and Anderson, why don’t you use them, yourself, in helping TFA maximize its own ‘value added’? This would be pretty easy to implement. First you would publish an annual A-F report card on the different TFA regions. One of the best metrics would be the ‘quit rate’ — the percent of corps members that quit before completing the two year commitment. Though the national average for all the regions is somewhere around 10%, there are some regions that have much higher quit rates. I believe that Kansas City and Detroit are two regions where around 25% of the corps members don’t complete their commitment. Regions like that would get an ‘F’ and after two ‘F’s or something, they would get shut down using the market-driven reform strategies. Then, for recruiters you could track the test scores of the students of the corps members that each recruiter recruits. Some recruiters will fare worse than others on this metric and those recruiters would be labeled ‘ineffective’ and fired. The various staff at the institutes could also be rated by tracking the test scores of the students of the corps members they trained. Basically, you would want to change the culture of TFA management to one which assumes that all TFA employees are lazy and don’t care about doing a good job and can only be motivated by the fear of being fired. If you admire the TFA leaders mentioned above so much, it would be hypocritical to not use their methods with your own employees.
Be sure to follow Gary Rubinstein. He is one of the wisest and smartest of all teacher-bloggers, and his views are always firmly rooted in evidence, which he supplies.

Teachers may well leave the profession in droves, but I think that’s a feature, not a bug. The ideal for many corporate reformers is a school where staff turns over 30-50% each year, with content delivery specialists as easily replaced as a minimum-wage worker at the french fry station. All they need are workers who are cheap, temporary, and easily managed. So teachers may well leave the profession in droves, but I’m pretty sure lots of reformers see that as a good thing.
I do look forward to TFA’s internal use of VAM, though. That should be a hoot.
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I think the “churn” method of ed reformers is probably damaging to teachers and schools (as it would be to any organization) but I’m curious about the effect of ed reform on kids, too.
I was reading a piece about New Orleans and it’s really shocking how often those kids change schools. Can kids develop relationships with other kids if there’s a constant churn among them, as far as where they go to school? I was thinking of my own public school experience and that of my children, and a big part of it (for them) was the continuity of PEOPLE over years, adults and their classmates. Those are real relationships. Adults may dismiss those friendships, but they’re hugely important to kids, I think. What happens to that in a market-based nearly wholly privatized system like that of New Orleans, where kids just move in and out of schools?
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Peter & Chiara Duggan: thank you both for your comments.
How horrifying that we can use a term like “content delivery specialist” as a synonym for “teacher” without reflexively throwing up, physically and intellectually.
And as for relationships: when you look at the websites of the schools the leading charterites/privatizers send THEIR OWN CHILDREN to, or you read accounts of their own experiences in such schools, the importance of stable long-term relationships with teachers and peers comes out.
I am reminded of this quote from a piece that appeared in 2010 that included extensive excerpts from Bill Gates about his experiences at Lakeside School:
[start quote]
Bill says Lakeside was great because of relationships:
Finally, I had great relationships with my teachers here at Lakeside. Classes were small. You got to know the teachers. They got to know you. And the relationships that come from that really make a difference…
Relationships include the ones developed in Lakeside’s Global Learning Program. Bill thinks it’s important that rich kids see how poor people in other countries live…poor neighbors in *this* country, not so much…
I’m really excited about the Global Service Learning Program, which will send Lakeside students on extended trips to developing countries to learn about the people and the issues they face…I believe if we could get the same kind of visibility for health problems around the world, so that rich people saw millions of impoverished mothers burying babies who died from causes we can prevent—we would insist that something be done, and we would be willing to pay for it…We need to see what’s happening—only then will we stop ignoring our neighbors and start helping them.
[end quote]
Link: http://seattleducation2010.wordpress.com/2012/06/18/bill-gates-tells-us-why-his-high-school-was-a-great-learning-environment/
There is a better than 98% “satisfactory” [thank you, Mr. Gates!] chance of certainty that it didn’t take him even a fraction of ten years [thank you again, Mr. Gates!] to understand the importance of relationships.
That is, for the meritorious few. Or as Mr. Michael Petrilli would put it, the “strivers.” For the unworthy many, sorry, but you’re just not striving hard enough…
Remembering always that the leading charterites/privatizers put their blind trust in these words of wisdom from an old dead Greek guy:
“Profit is sweet, even if it comes from deception.” [Sophocles]
Too bad they didn’t remember these other words:
“Better not to exist than live basely.”
[Sophocles]
😎
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“First you would publish an annual A-F report card on the different TFA regions. One of the best metrics would be the ‘quit rate’ — the percent of corps members that quit before completing the two year commitment.”
Here’s an idea that would seem very fair since all teachers have to be rated on the HEDI scale. It would be apropos to see if the TFA program is truly effective in the area of teacher retention. However, I would like to include in the A-F report card how many left the classroom and became administrators. Evaluate those TFAers in their performance especially since those in Tweed has refused to show their performance rate.
Thank you Gary for your post.
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Gary,
I agree with your assessment about TFA but would carry it one step further – examining why those TFA corp members quit. Perhaps quitting showed more integrity than staying because they saw they were not prepared to teach from their inadequate training and didn’t want to contribute to a broken system.
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Gary, what a fantastic post! How interesting it would be to see TFA VAMed and regionally-letter-graded. 🙂
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CCSS.Math.Content.7.NS.A.2a Understand that multiplication is extended from fractions to rational numbers
?? Fractions are rational numbers!
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“?? Fractions are rational numbers!”
I did wonder if they had come up with a new definition.
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That is like where the Hippy dippy weatherman(George Carlin) reports that they discovered a new number, blim, and it is located between 5 and 6.
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As funny as that would be, VAM would not work on TFA. Saunders receommends using 3 years of data for a “true” VAM” report. But there are not too many TFA’s who last that long.
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Ugh I really wish there was spell check on this blog! “recommends”
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That’s why they recommend using 3 years of data–to exclude TFA.
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you may be right 🙂
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I guess they will hang on to these mantras as long as they can.
If I were TFA and I realized my original intent had gone awry and become something completely different that was rendering harm on a system that protects valuable aspects of a society with a middle class, I would turn it into one of those traveling nurse type programs. So that there would be career teachers truly sent to areas that need them, and not what TFA has become. But I guess the money is just too good for the decision makers to consider that.
But if it seems to good to be true, you know. . .I’d be making a plan B. You can’t be on top forever. Particularly if the richer your organization gets, the angrier it makes people. It’s possible to have a successful business without rendering harm on a society.
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Of the three people who’ve led or co-led TFA, only one has even minimal classroom experience.
I realize this organization has over $300 million in assets, but other than that, how can people listen to anything they have to say about education without bursting out laughing?
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