Archives for the month of: November, 2013

For many years, Frank Bruni was a wonderful restaurant reviewer for the New York Times. But now he is a regular opinion writer for the New York Times, and when he writes about education, he is way over his head. He was one of the few to write sympathetically about the corporate reform turkey “Won’t Back Down,” which opened in 2,500 theaters to bad reviews and disappeared a month later.

His latest effort was a strident defense of the Common Core standards and tests, in which he made fun of the parents who spoke out against the overuse and misuse of standardized testing. His thesis was that American kids are “too coddled.”

Surely, he was not referring to the majority of public school students in the south and the west who–according to the Southern Education Fund–live in poverty. Are they coddled?

Does he know that in New York State, only 3% of English learners passed the tests; only 5% of students with disabilities; only 15-18% of black and Hispanic students? What will we do with these students if large numbers fail these “rigorous” tests in the future? Surely they won’t be coddled.

His purpose is to show solidarity with the Common Core standards and tests, although he doesn’t seem to know how they were developed, why they were adopted, or why their advocates feel certain they will produce good results.

He disparages their critics as extremists, echoing Arne Duncan:

“The Common Core, a laudable set of guidelines that emphasize analytical thinking over rote memorization, has been adopted in more than 40 states. In instances its implementation has been flawed, and its accompanying emphasis on testing certainly warrants debate.

“What’s not warranted is the welling hysteria: from right-wing alarmists, who hallucinate a federal takeover of education and the indoctrination of a next generation of government-loving liberals; from left-wing paranoiacs, who imagine some conspiracy to ultimately privatize education and create a new frontier of profits for money-mad plutocrats.

“Then there’s the outcry, equally reflective of the times, from adults who assert that kids aren’t enjoying school as much; feel a level of stress that they shouldn’t have to; are being judged too narrowly; and doubt their own mettle.

“Aren’t aspects of school supposed to be relatively mirthless? Isn’t stress an acceptable byproduct of reaching higher and digging deeper? Aren’t certain fixed judgments inevitable? And isn’t mettle established through hard work?”

Imagine thinking that the burst of thousands of privately managed charters and the spread of vouchers to 17 states in the past 20 years is worthy of concern? Nah, that’s leftwing paranoic thinking. Imagine wondering how strained school budgets can afford billions for new software and hardware, more bandwidth, more teacher evaluations based on tests, more tests, more test prep…..Nah, just more left-wing paranoic thinking.

The Kansas City Star reports that State Education Commissioner Chris Nicastro collaborated with anti-public education forces to draft legislation to eliminate teacher tenure. Emails obtained through the state’s Sunshine Law revealed the commissioner’s relationship with the group.

The group is associated with Rex Singuefeld, a local hedge fund manager who co-founded a firm that manages more than $310 billion in assets. He is president of the Show-Me Institute, a public policy research organization that promotes libertarian, conservative, and free-market ideas.

If the proposed bill should pass, teacher retention would depend on student test scores. The bill would require the creation of many new tests. When asked to estimate the additional costs, the commissioner declined.

The article says:

“The commissioner is already being pulled in several directions over her recommendations to keep Kansas City Public Schools unaccredited and bring in the charter-school-supporting consulting agency CEE-Trust to develop a plan for the future of the district.

“The emails show Nicastro was trading information with Kate Casas, the state policy director for the Children’s Education Council of Missouri, which was developing the ballot initiative petition. It aims to give voters the chance to take away teacher tenure and require schools to use student performance data in determining teacher pay and promotions.”

The Department routinely advises legislators and lobbyists about pending legislation, but the commissioner seems to have been directly involved in writing legislative language that will hurt teachers. This is far from routine.

Read more here: http://www.kansascity.com/2013/11/22/4643022/education-commissioners-emails.html#storylink=cpy

A little late in the day, with only six weeks left in the Bloomberg administration, the two key figures in designing New York City’s school accountability measures have declared that it is time for a change. Now they have decided that they leaned too much on test scores. Now they tell us!

Please read the comments that follow the article. They remind us how many schools were closed based on the approach that the architects now say was not quite right.

Every once in a while, I read something that sticks with me and reverberates in my mind. That was my reaction when I read E.L. Doctorow’s remarks at the National Book Awards. These are words to savor, chew on, and ponder.

“Victor Navasky, publisher emeritus of The Nation magazine, introduced E. L. Doctorow, the recipient of the Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters. Mr. Navasky recalled that Mr. Doctorow once said: “There is no room for a reader in your mind. You don’t think of anything but the language you’re in.”

“Edgar, I have news for you,” Mr. Navasky said. “You may not have us in mind, but you are in a roomful of your grateful readers.”

Mr. Doctorow took the stage and cooled the mood down with a somber speech on technology, government surveillance and the Internet. (Somewhat uncomfortably, Amazon.com and Google were sponsors of the event.)

“Text is now a verb,” Mr. Doctorow said. “More radically, a search engine is not an engine. A platform is not a platform. A bookmark is not a bookmark because an e-book is not a book.”

“Reading a book is the essence of interactivity,” he added, “bringing sentences to life in the mind.”

In her blog, VAMboozled, Audrey Amrein-Beardsley reports that the LA Times plans again to publish teachers’ value-added ratings. When they did it in 2011, a teacher committed suicide. Researchers discredited the results. Since then, researchers have demonstrated that these ratings are unstable and inaccurate. They bounce around from year to year. The Times doesn’t care whose career or reputation they blight. Nor can they demonstrate that their publication of ratings in 2011 helped kids, teachers, our schools.

When the reporters Jason Felch and Jason Song called me in 2011, I said that what they were doing made me feel “sick to my stomach.” They added my comment to their story. But nothing could stop their desire to humiliate teachers.

Mercedes Schneider has identified 17 states where protests against Common Core standards are heating up, in some cases leading to a slowdown or cancellation of implementation.

She writes:

“Over one-third of the states whose governors and state superintendents signed the CCSS Memorandum of Understanding as part of US Department of Education Race to the Top (RTTT) funding are now percolating with CCSS misgivings.

“That is what happens with top-down reform. The “bottom”– those directly affected by the “top’s” decisions– eventually seethe.”

She provides a description of each state where CCSS is in trouble.

When I visited Finland, which is widely recognized as one of the top performing nations in the world, every educator spoke of their goals. They want their students to be happy, healthy, and enthusiastic learners. They did not care about test scores. The years from the beginning of school (at age 7) to high school graduation are considered a “standardized-testing-free zone,” as Pasi Sahlberg put it in his book “Finnish Lessons.”

In the U.S., our leaders want to turn schools into pressure cookers. They want to keep the students and teachers in a constant state of stress. Students worry if they will pass or fail. They worry if their performance on the test might cause their teacher to lose his or her job. Teachers worry that their students’ scores might ruin their chance of staying employed. They worry about keeping their job. They worry that their test-based evaluation might put them out of work, and they won’t be able to pay their mortgage or feed their family.

Corporate reformers think that stress is good. They think that teachers have a cushy job, and students are slackers. They want to see more stress.

But stress is not good for children or adults. Wendy Lecker wrote this article, summarizing the warnings of professional associations. She says that the current obsession with high-stakes testing has created an unhealthy climate in the schools. She calls it “state-sanctioned child abuse.” Fear breaks children. It does not make them joyful learners.

The current so-called reforms, she writes, “has created a school environment that is devastating to our children’s development and mental health.

“Our most vulnerable children often suffer “toxic stress:” prolonged activation of the body’s stress response system brought on by chronic traumatic experiences. Toxic stress disrupts the development of the areas of the brain associated with learning and can have lifelong consequences.”

How much longer must we endure the consequences of truly disastrous policies shaped by people who have no understanding of children, learning, or the conditions necessary for education to flourish?

I think the end is in sight. This house of cards will fall because it hurts children. And we are not a mean nation. Kindness and generosity will eventually prevail over harmful policies. The parents of this nation will demand an end to policies that not only hurt their children but ruin education.

A reader sends this comment:

“Dr. Ravitch refers to a “push to introduce charters to Idaho.” Idaho has had charter schools since 1991, though the initial legislation authorizing them has been so often revised by the Legislature that Idaho’s Office of Performance Evaluation recently reported that there is little difference between Idaho charter schools and traditional public schools, and that Idaho charter schools no longer live up to the legislative intent of the laws that created them. (See “Policy Differences Between Charter and Traditional Schools” http://legislature.idaho.gov/ope/publications/reports/r1304.pdf)

Dr. Ravitch. may be referring to the Rural Opportunities Consortium of Idaho, a 9-member task force formed in August that is assisted by an advisory group consisting of the task-force chair Paul Hill, founder of the Center on Reinventing Public Education; Jamie MacMillan, executive director of the Albertson Foundation; Mary Wells, managing partner and co-founder of Bellwether Education Partners; and Andy Smarick, a partner at Bellwether. Bellwether is an organization founded and populated by hedge-fund managers and venture capitalists with ties to NewSchools Venture Fund. Upon its creation, NewSchools Venture Fund CEO Ted Mitchell described Bellwether as “a new nonprofit consulting organization designed to strengthen the leadership and organizational capacity of entrepreneurial education organizations by offering specialized executive search, strategic consulting, leadership development, and thought leadership services.”

Andrew Rotherham is on the 9-member task force; he is also a partner at Bellwether. He’s joined by Marguerita Roza, senior research associate at the Center for Reinventing Education, and by Terry Ryan, former VP for Ohio Programs and Policy at the right-wing Thomas B. Fordham Institute. Mr. Ryan is the new president of the Idaho Charter Schools Network. Idaho taxpayers can only hope and pray that he is unable to achieve in Idaho the results he achieved in Ohio, where for-profit charter schools have wreaked havoc on public school finances while embroiling themselves in scandal after scandal involving tax evasion, fraud, and misappropriation of tax dollars.

With the lineup listed here, one can easily imagine that any recommendations coming from the Rural Opportunities Consortium of Idaho will be steeped in the New Markets Tax Credits Program, which enables hedge-fund managers and venture capitalist to almost double their money in seven years by financing the building and operation of charter schools. Vouchers, no doubt, will also be part of the plan, as will the use of tax dollars to fund private and parochial schools.

More about the Rural Opportunities Consortium of Idaho is available here:

Experts to examine rural Idaho schools

The next President should select John Kuhn, superintendent of schools in the little Perrin-Whitt District in Texas as Secretary of Education.

Why?

Because John Kuhn has the heart, the vision, the love of children, the courage, the honesty, and the integrity that the position requires. The Department is the kind of bureaucracy that runs itself, no matter who is the Secretary. Like any big organization, it lacks a heart and soul. That’s what the leader should provide. Kuhn has plenty of both.

He first burst onto the national scene with a stunning speech at the Save Our Schools March in Washington, D.C., in 2011. Who was this man, we wondered, this man who embraced all children and wanted to do the best for every single one of them?

This is the way his speech started:

Let me speak for all public school educators when I say unequivocally: We will. We say send us your poor, send us your homeless, the children of your afflicted and addicted. Send us your kids who don’t speak English. Send us your special-needs children, we will not turn them away.

But I tell you today, public school teacher, you will fail to take the shattered children of poverty and turn them into the polished products of the private schools. You will be unacceptable, public school teacher. And I say that is your badge of honor. I stand before you today bearing proudly the label of unacceptable because I educate the children they will not educate.

Day after day I take children broken by the poverty our leaders are afraid to confront and I glue their pieces back together. And at the end of my life you can say those children were better for passing through my sphere of influence. I am unacceptable and proud of it.

The poorest Americans need equity, but our nation offers them accountability instead. They need bread, but we give them a stone. We address the soft bigotry of low expectations so that we may ignore the hard racism of inequity. Standardized tests are a poor substitute for justice.

Read the whole speech and watch it here.

John Kuhn doesn’t want to make kids compete for the highest test scores. He doesn’t want to pick winners and losers. He wants to educate all children.

Kuhn recent wrote a book about how the accountability madness started in Texas. I invited Jason Stanford, a fine journalist in Austin, to review Kuhn’s Test and Punish. I hope you will read the review and read the book and learn about a man with a vision that would transform American education.

Jason Stanford writes:

John Kuhn, the superintendent of a small school district northwest of Fort Worth, Texas, could have written several books. He could have written the story about how he became the Howard Beale of school administrators, giving fiery speeches demanding to see the Adequate Yearly Progress of politicians. He could have cast himself as the hero of the anti-testing rebellion, a modern-day William Travis defending the schoolhouse like the Alamo. Instead, Kuhn wrote a sneakily subversive book about the bait & switch that screwed a generation of American students so Texas politicians didn’t have to raise taxes.

The brilliance of Kuhn’s Test-and-Punish: How the Texas Educational Model Gave America Accountability without Equity is the choice to tell the story about how we got into this mess in the first place. And to do that, you have to look at the promise that Texas made to its citizens in its state constitution that, admittedly, is given cursory respect by the local judiciary.

Article 7, Section 1 states:

A general diffusion of knowledge being essential to the preservation of the liberties and rights of the people, it shall be the duty of the Legislature of the State to establish and make suitable provision for the support and maintenance of an efficient system of public free schools.

A logical conclusion by a layman would be that the legislature had a duty to adequately fund public (“make suitable provision for the support and maintenance”) schools, and as Kuhn elegantly recounts, for a while the poor folks were winning in the courts. The problem is that Texas politicians didn’t want to raise taxes to help poor minorities. Gov. Ann Richards, working under a court order, tried to spread the wealth under a “Robin Hood” plan and lost re-election to George W. Bush who preached the false gospel of accountability.

Wait, what? How did we go from trying to get more money into underfunded public schools in poor neighborhoods to judging poor students by their test scores and calling it “accountability”?

This being Texas, it was a two-step process, and kudos for Kuhn for putting these pieces together.

First, Kuhn followed the money and found John Cornyn, then a lesser light on the Texas Supreme Court and now our senior senator. Cornyn represented the privileged business class on the court and did not agree that adequately funding would yield better schools. Instead—and this was clever—Cornyn ignored the requirement that the legislature “make suitable provision” and focused instead on the word “efficiency.”

This, Kuhn writes, changed everything:

The way Cornyn saw it, the constitutional demand for efficiency required the legislature to establish appropriate educational results, not merely evenhanded fiscal inputs (Farr and Trachtenberg 1999, 33). Cornyn implied that funding in and of itself did not directly equate to educational quality, that other factors were in play, and that the legislature must have some means of measuring basic educational quality in order to ensure efficiency.

This doctrine, originally appearing as a dissent but soon becoming a majority opinion on the court, explains how “accountability would eclipse as the primary consideration for policymakers and education thinkers in the state,” Kuhn writes.

One of those thinkers was a Democratic lawyer whose political ambitions found no purchase in Dallas. He tried running for congress and chaired the county party for a bit.

He found more luck as an advocate for education reform in Dallas, which has traditionally meant the white business elite in North Dallas worrying about what to do about the schools in South Dallas where the black and Hispanic students went. Backed by the business community, Sandy Kress headed up a working group that devised a plan that is “nearly identical to the guiding principles baked into the federal government’s No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act,” writes Kuhn.

Except there was one important difference early on, and I’m still miffed at Kuhn for finding it because I was hoping to be the first one to write about it.

The Kress committee’s proposal in Dallas ISD different from much of modern educational accountability in one significant way: it called for adjustments to be made in the performance expectations for children coming from impoverished backgrounds. For a Dallas school to be considered successful, its poorest students wouldn’t be required to achieve the same scores as higher-income pupils. This kindler, gentler approach to holding schools accountable for student performance wouldn’t last long.

Given the opening by Cornyn on the Supreme Court, Bush took Kress to Dallas as governor and implemented a plan to use test scores to measure efficiency in education. Only this time, they judged everyone by the same standard, poor and rich, Hispanic, black and white. No excuses.

You know the rest of the story: After two decades, poor kids get worse scores than rich kids. By relieving ourselves of responsibility to improve inputs, we focus exclusively on outputs and wonder why we’re not getting better results. Switching funding equity for efficiency and then making tests the sole measure of accountability combined to give Texas schools “spankings instead of supports,” writes Kuhn. “It was tough love, only without the love.”

Thank goodness Kuhn wrote the book he did. He’s still the William Travis of the Texas testing rebellion, but the research and analysis he invested in Test-and-Punish has given me a broader perspective on the failed ideology that has infected our public schools. Kuhn was one of the people who drew my attention to over-testing in the first place, and now my thinking on the subject owes a new debt to his book.

Michael Hiltzik of the Los Angeles Times pointed out the endlessly escalating costs of Superintendent John Deasy’s decision to buy an iPad, loaded with Pearson content, for every child.

The initial cost estimate was $1 billion for hardware, software, and content. The money was mostly taken from a 25-year school,construction bond issue. So, instead of repairing schools, students will have iPads for Common Core testing.

Hiltzik points out that in three years, the lease on the Pearson content will expire and must be purchased again for another $60 million.

Also, the iPads will be obsolete in 3-4 years and must be replaced.

Someone is making a lot of money and it’s not the teachers.

Hiltzik points out the obvious and asks this question:

“The aspect of technology-based teaching that never gets the attention it deserves is the cost of ownership. Tablets need to be fixed or replaced, for hundreds of dollars a shot. And as the LAUSD has discovered, software isn’t forever. Think of the teachers and real pedagogical tools that could be paid for with $60 million a year, and how much added value they’d provide to students.
Here’s a question for LAUSD Supt. John Deasy, who has pronounced the iPad program “an astonishing success.” Does he still think so? Feel free to deliver your answer via iPad-compatible digital video, Mr. D.”

http://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-mh-ipad-adventure-20131120,0,942881.story#ixzz2lRXgWDqZ